Except for the great Newton and the great Einstein, no one has made such a great contribution to the progress of mankind as he did. Even Newton and Einstein drew wisdom and inspiration from him. He is "the ideal incarnation of theoretical genius and experimental genius in one person", he is Archimedes of Syracuse.
Life of Archimedes
Archimedes (Archimedes, about 287-212 BC) was born in a small village near Syracuse, Greece. He was born into a noble family and was related to King Hieron of Syracuse, and his family was very wealthy. Archimedes' father was an astronomer and mathematician, knowledgeable and humble. Influenced by his family, Archimedes had a strong interest in mathematics, astronomy, especially the geometry of ancient Greece since he was a child. When he was just eleven years old, with the help of his relationship with the royal family, he was sent to the Egyptian city of Alexandria to study. Alexandria, located at the mouth of the Nile River, was one of the centers of cultural trade at that time. There are majestic museums, libraries, and talented people here, and it is known as the "City of Wisdom" by the world. Archimedes studied and lived here for many years and had close contacts with many scholars. He absorbed the excellent cultural heritage of the East and ancient Greece and made significant contributions in his subsequent scientific career. In 212 BC, the ancient Roman army invaded Syracuse, and Archimedes was killed by Roman soldiers at the age of seventy-five. Archimedes' body was buried in Sicily, and the tombstone was engraved with the shape of a sphere inscribed in a cylinder to commemorate his outstanding contributions to geometry. Archimedes' achievements
Archimedes is undisputedly the greatest mathematician and scientist produced by ancient Greek civilization. His outstanding contributions in many scientific fields have earned him Highly respected by his contemporaries.
Archimedes obtained the area and volume of parabolic arcs, spirals, circles, and the volumes of complex geometric bodies such as ellipsoids and paraboloids. In the process of deriving these formulas, he skillfully used the "exhaustion method", which is what we call today the method of gradually approximating limits, and is therefore recognized as the originator of calculus calculations. He also used this method to estimate the value of ∏ between and , and derived a solution to the cubic equation. Faced with the complicated numerical representation methods of ancient Greece, Archimedes proposed a set of important grade-by-level calculation methods and used it to solve many mathematical problems. Archimedes' achievements in mechanics are the most outstanding, and these achievements are mainly concentrated in statics and hydrostatics. In the process of studying machinery, he discovered the lever principle and used this principle to design and manufacture many machines. While studying floating bodies, he discovered the law of buoyancy, also known as Archimedes' law.
Archimedes also had outstanding achievements in astronomy. He designed some round balls, connected them with strings and wooden sticks to imitate the movement of the sun, moon and stars, and used the power of water to make them rotate. In this way, solar and lunar eclipses can be vividly displayed. Archimedes believed that the earth was spherical and revolved around the sun. This view was 1,800 years earlier than Copernicus's "heliocentric theory". Due to the conditions at the time, he did not conduct in-depth and systematic research on this issue. But it is remarkable that such an opinion was put forward as early as the third century BC. Archimedes wrote many works. As a mathematician, he wrote mathematical works such as "On Spheres and Cylinders", "On Cleaved Cones and Spheres", "Quarters of Parabolas", and "On Spirals". As a mechanics scientist, he has written such mechanical works as "On the Balance of Flat Plate", "On Floating Bodies", "On Lever" and "On Center of Gravity". In "On the Balance of a Tablet" he systematically demonstrated the principle of leverage. In On Floating Bodies, he demonstrated the law of floating bodies.
Archimedes not only made brilliant theoretical achievements, but was also an engineer with a rich practical spirit. He designed and manufactured many mechanisms and machines throughout his life. In addition to the lever system, it is worth mentioning that there are weightlifting pulleys, irrigation machines, water lifters, and military projectors. The water-lifting machine known as the Archimedean screw was invented to remove water from the holds of large ships. The water pump can be transported to high places using a screw handle. It has been widely used in Egypt and is the predecessor of modern screw pumps. "Give me a fulcrum and I will move the earth"
Archimedes was not only a theorist but also a practitioner. Throughout his life, he was passionate about applying his scientific discoveries to practice, thus combining the two. . In Egypt, around 1,500 BC, people used levers to lift heavy objects, but people didn't know the reason. Archimedes studied this phenomenon intently and discovered the lever principle.
King Hernon has always been dubious about Archimedes' theory. He asked Archimedes to turn them into living examples to convince people. Archimedes said: "Give me a fulcrum and I can move the earth." The king said: "I'm afraid this won't be possible. You'd better come and help me drag the big ship on the coast." This ship is Hernon. It was made for the king of Egypt. It was large and heavy. Because it could not be moved, it had been stranded on the coast for many days. Archimedes agreed. Archimedes designed a complex system of levers and pulleys that were installed on the ship and handed one end of the rope to King Hernon. King Hernon gently pulled the rope, and a miracle happened. The ship slowly moved and finally descended into the sea.
The king was surprised and admired Archimedes very much, and sent someone to post a notice: "From now on, no matter what Archimedes says, you must believe him."
The Mystery of the Golden Crown
< p> King Hernon asked the goldsmith to make him a pure gold crown. After it was completed, the king suspected that the craftsman had mixed silver into the gold crown. However, the gold crown was indeed as heavy as the pure gold that was originally given to the goldsmith. In the end, the craftsman Did you do any mischief? Wanting to test the authenticity without destroying the crown, this problem not only stumped the king, but also made the ministers look at each other. Later, the king gave it to Archimedes. Archimedes tried hard to think of many ways, but they all failed. One day, he went to the bathhouse to take a bath. As he sat in the tub, he saw the water overflowing and felt his body being gently pulled up. Suddenly he had a sudden enlightenment, jumped out of the bath, and ran straight to the palace without even bothering to put on his clothes, shouting "Fureka" (Fureka, I know) all the way. It turned out that he had thought that if the crown was put in If the amount of water discharged after being immersed in water is not equal to the amount of water discharged by gold of the same weight, it must be mixed with other metals. This is the famous law of buoyancy, which states that an object immersed in a liquid is subject to an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by the object. Later, this law was named Archimedes' law.Jet Li's profile
Original name: Jet Li
Nickname: Xiaohu
Alias: Li Yangzhong
Height: 169cm < /p>
Weight: 66 kg
Ethnicity: Han
Country: China
Origin: Beijing
Gender: Male
Place of birth: Beijing
Date of birth: April 26, 1963 -
Personal information:
Producer identity: Li Yangzhong< /p>
Blood type: AB type
Zodiac sign: Rabbit/Taurus
Hobbies and beliefs: badminton/collecting Dzi bead ornaments/philosophy and Buddhism
Favorite food: Northern pasta/potatoes
Home address: Home in Beijing/New home in Arcadia, located in the east of Los Angeles, sold in 2003/New home in Shanghai
Family relations : Parents (Li Qingquan died in 1965/Zhang Fenglan died in 2002); two brothers (Li Liansheng/Li Lianli); two sisters (Li Lianzhu/Li Lianping).
Marital status:
Married to junior sister Huang Qiuyan in 1986, divorced in 1988 (given birth to two daughters).
Married Li Zhi in 1999 and gave birth to a daughter, Jane, in 2000.
Main experience:
Martial Arts
Entered Beijing Sports Vocational School in 1971 (8 years old)
1974 (11 years old) - - Winner of the National Wushu Competition (Champion of the Youth Group) [Xi'an] (optional sword skills, designated boxing skills)
1975 (12 years old) - Wushu Exhibition Competition (Champion of the Adult Group) [Kunming] (boxing skills, sword skills Martial arts, designated boxing skills, designated spear skills, sparring, pentathlon)
1975 (12 years old) - China's Third National Games (Martial Arts) [Beijing] (boxing, swordsmanship, Sparring champion/No. 2 in designated boxing and designated spear skills)
1976 (13 years old) - went to the international charity performance and did not participate in the competition
1977 (14 years old) ——National Wushu Competition [Inner Mongolia] (Champion of Changquan and Swordsmanship)
1978 (15 years old) ——National Wushu Competition (Men’s Champion) [Xiangtan] (Boxing, Swordsmanship, Spear, Optional boxing, sparring, pentathlon)
1978 (15 years old) - National Wushu Competition (individual championship) [Changsha] (boxing, designated boxing, swordsmanship champion/traditional weapon 2nd Name)
1979 (16 years old) - The 4th National Games (men's all-around) [Shijiazhuang] (boxing, designated boxing, swordsmanship, sparring champion)
1980 to present: Film actor, has starred in 32 films.
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In 2002, he was selected as the "Martial Arts Star of the Century" in the "Chinese Martial Arts" magazine
In 2002, Jet Li won the 36th Vision Award in the United States
In 2001, he was selected as the "Martial Arts Star of the Century" "The Sexiest Man in the Hollywood Entertainment Circle"
In 2001, Jet Li was elected as "The Most Famous Asian Person in the United States"
In 2001, he won the "Zhengzhou Tourism Development Outstanding Contribution Award"
In 1998, he was rated as one of the "Sexiest Men in the World" by People magazine
In 1995, he was rated as one of China's contemporary "Top Ten Martial Arts Stars" and won the 32nd Golden Horse Award\"Mainland People Special Award\"
Won the "Humanitarian Contribution Award" at the 26th Asian-American Cultural Festival in 2005
Chronology of works:
2005: Fearless
2005: Danny the Wolf Dog/Tiger Out of the Cage
2003: Deadly Cradle/Dragon Pool and Tiger Den/Life and Death
2002: Hero
2001: Mainland China: Space Command Hong Kong: The Last Strong Station: Savior
2001: Hong Kong: Raptors Station: Kiss of the Dragon
2000: Hong Kong: Fatal Hero Station: Fatal Romeo
1998: Hong Kong: Fortress: Lethal Weapon 4
1998: King of Killers
1997: Once Upon a Time in the West
1996: Black Man
1996: King of Adventure
1995: The Mighty Mouse
1995: Letter to Dad/Father and Son Wu Zhuangyuan
p>1994: Jingwu Hero
1994: Zhongnanhai Bodyguard
1994: New Shaolin Fifth Patriarch/Hong Xiguan
1993: Tai Chi Zhang Sanfeng
p>1993: The Iron Chicken Fights the Centipede
1993: The Legend of Heaven and Dragon Slaying: The Leader of the Demon Sect
1993: Fang Shiyu II/Who to Fight
1993: Fang Shiyu I
1992: Once Upon a Time in China III: The Lion’s Struggle for Hegemony
1992: Smiling Proudly in the East and the Undefeated
1989: 92 Once Upon a Time in the Dragon: Wong Feihong: The Dragon Walks the World
1991: Once Upon a Time in China II: Men Should Strengthen Theirself
1990: Once Upon a Time in China: Top Gun
1989: The Eastern Dragon
1988 : Dragon in the End of the World
1986: North and South Shaolin
1986: Chinese Hero
1984: Shaolin Boy
1982: Shaolin Temple
Celebrity profile:
Jet Li was born in Beijing on April 26, 1963. He attended Changqiao Primary School and was later selected by coach Wu Bin to enter the Beijing Shichahai Amateur Sports School. From then on, Jet Li was born A martial arts wizard. His personal martial arts record has created a miracle in the modern Chinese martial arts world. He has been the all-around champion for five consecutive years, has won 50 major and minor championships, and has represented the country on many tours. One of the top ten contemporary martial arts stars, a national martial arts figure, and a victorious general in the martial arts world in the 1970s. In the late 1970s, Congying spread Chinese martial arts through movies. In the early 1980s, his debut film "Shaolin Temple" became a global sensation and triggered the second global martial arts boom after Bruce Lee. He himself also attracted the attention of the world and became an international superstar. He has filmed 32 movies in more than 20 years of filmmaking. A classic Kung Fu work. Since 1999, he has been invited to Hollywood and has achieved good results, demonstrating the charm of oriental martial arts culture. The Kung Fu Emperor, who has a handsome image, elegant temperament and excellent moral character, is naturally favored by businesses. From the computer games developed by Sony Corporation to the many brand ambassadors in China, his image has been forged by his charm. Jet Li, who just celebrated his 41st birthday, was invited to leave his name on the Hong Kong Avenue of Stars to record his film achievements. On December 26, 2004, I encountered a tsunami and earthquake while vacationing in the Maldives. With the auspicious combination of people and heaven, there was no danger. Jet Li, who has long practiced Buddhism, is indifferent to fame, wealth, life and death. After the disaster, he gained a lot of insights and took practical actions to call for the establishment of the "1 Fund" to help more people in need. Jet Li, who has many fans around the world, has created his own achievements through his own efforts and won recognition and praise from the world. From a martial arts wizard to a kung fu emperor on the screen, from a little monk in the movie to a Buddhist wise man in life now. This is Jet Li, a restrained and elegant man with oriental charm.
Twenty years ago, he was seventeen years old. He was a handsome young man in his prime. He already had the aura of winning five consecutive national martial arts competitions. He was unrivaled in the competitive martial arts world. . In addition to competition performances, he rehearsed some stage plays with a group of like-minded partners, dreaming of promoting Chinese martial arts. A chance coincidence brought him to the screen. While the film made a sensation all over the country, he also became famous in one fell swoop. His superb kung fu performances and fresh and bright image were well known to women and children in the Chinese world. Now, his name has spread all over the world and has even become a symbol of Chinese martial arts. He is Jet Li.
In the spring of 1963, Jet Li was born as the youngest child in an ordinary working-class family in Beijing. His father died when he was two years old, and his mother shouldered the burden of raising five children and two elderly people on her own. Bao Jianfeng was born from hard work, and his poor childhood made Jet Li develop the habit of hardship, plain living, and hard work. This is not unrelated to his great success in his career in the future. At the age of seven, because of the recommendation of his physical education teacher, Jet Li entered the martial arts class of Beijing Sports School. Because of his martial arts talent, because of the careful teaching of coach Wu Bin, or because he was particularly dedicated to escaping the most hated mathematics, he embarked on his journey. The road to becoming a martial arts champion, and created unprecedented brilliance: In the 1974 National Wushu Competition, Jet Li won the first place in the youth group and the first place in the all-around; from 1975 to 1979, Jet Li won the first place in the National Wushu Competition for five consecutive years. The champion was awarded special merit by the Beijing Municipal Sports Commission and was also named "the assaulter who climbed to the top".
Opportunity always favors those who are prepared. In 1982, Jet Li was spotted by director Xin Yan and starred as the protagonist, Monk Jue Yuan, in the film "Shaolin Temple" produced by Hong Kong Centaline Film Company. This is an epoch-making work in the history of martial arts movies. The film goes against the show-off of pure performance and camera skills in old martial arts movies. It allows the audience to truly experience the simple and real kung fu of Jet Li and his group of martial arts team members. Appreciated the true skills of Chinese martial arts. After the film was released in Hong Kong and some countries in Asia, Australia and the Americas, it became a sensation in the film industry and achieved great success. It also created Jet Li, a martial arts superstar of a generation.
Based on the legacy of "Shaolin Temple", Jet Li starred in the Shaolin-themed films "Shaolin Boys" and "North and South Shaolin" in 1984 and 1986, both of which were quite successful. In 1988, he co-starred with Song Jia in "Heroes of China" and in 1989 with Stephen Chow in "The Dragon in the End of the World". Although the plots were tense and the action was thrilling and intense, they both fell into the cliché of annihilation and revenge and ended dismally. This is the silence and brewing before the explosion. Soon after, Jet Li met the talented director Tsui Hark in the United States. The collision of two martial arts superstars set off a huge wave of martial arts movies, resulting in classics of the new martial arts era such as "Once Upon a Time", "Men Should Be Strong", and "The Invincible East". These films have twists and turns in plots and grand scenes, and Jet Li's carefully designed martial arts moves are vividly displayed.
Unfortunately, the good times did not last long. Two years later, Jet Li and Tsui Hark broke up due to some reasons. After the breakup, Jet Li established his own company - Zhengdong Film Production Co., Ltd. That year, "Fang Shiyu" directed by Yuen Kui, produced by and starring Jet Li, achieved great success. Since then, another dream team has emerged in the Hong Kong film industry. Their subsequent collaborations such as "The Bodyguard of Zhongnanhai" and "A Letter to Dad" also achieved good results. Jet Li's cool way of wielding a gun even attracted countless audiences. In 1994, "Fist of Heroes" written and directed by Chen Jiashang became Jet Li's most successful work during this period, and Yuan Heping also designed his most classic actions.
In 1996, Jet Li signed a contract with Yongsheng Film Company to perform in six films. Later, he collaborated with Tsui Hark again after many years, and "Dark Man" attracted the attention of international film producers. At this time, the Hong Kong film industry had begun to decline, and Jet Li also set his sights on the international market. Finally, in 1998, he was invited by Warner Bros. to play "Lethal Weapon 4" and entered Hollywood.
In our memory, Jet Li's name is connected with these characters: Huang Feihong, Fang Shiyu, Hong Xiguan, Zhang Sanfeng, Zhang Wuji, Chen Zhen... His more than 20 screen images are either severe or steady. (like Huang Feihong), or lively and cunning (like Fang Shiyu), or bohemian (like Linghu Chong), but they all shine with the brilliance of humanity; he can pick up a fist, lift a gun, and is proficient in all kinds of martial arts. He is Our heroes.
The hero also has weaknesses. He is shy. After filming for more than ten years, he will be at a loss and blush because of an intimate scene with an actress. Off the screen, in 1999, Jet Li and Asian sister Li Zhi held a grand wedding, and the hero finally embraced the beauty.
"The world's turmoil has come out of my generation, and the years have rushed me as soon as I entered the world; the emperor's hegemony is chatting and laughing, and life is a drunken experience." Remember, this poem, when Linghu Chong was drunk, Jet Li chanted passionately. Now he has converted to Buddhism and is unfazed by favors and disgraces, and has no interest in fame or fortune. However, when the familiar name Jet Li becomes the unfamiliar Jet Li, when our hero becomes a villain in Hollywood, we know that Jet Li, who is in a foreign country, has begun a more difficult and tortuous road. What remains unchanged is He loves the Chinese nation and Chinese martial arts.