Li Zhichang was one of his accompanying disciples, and he wrote The Journey to the West.
The Journey to the West, a real person in Changchun, mainly described the scenery and customs of mountains and rivers and the life of Qiu Chuji. It is an important material for studying the history of Mobei, the Western Regions and Quanzhen Taoism in the13rd century.
Qiu Chuji was a Taoist priest, thinker, Taoist leader, politician, writer, health care scientist and medical scientist in the late Jin Dynasty. In the history and belief of Taoism, he is regarded as one of the "seven truths" of Quanzhen Taoism and the founder of Longmen Sect.
When Kublai Khan was in Yuan Shizu, he was posthumously awarded as "the real Bishop of Changchun".
As early as Genghis Khan's journey to the West, he heard the accompanying Zhongyuan people introduce Qiu Chuji's magical superman, so he sent messengers to summon him.
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/220, Qiu Chuji led his disciples from Laizhou, Shandong Province, passed Yihua, crossed Yehuling and went northeast to Hulunbeier. Then it connects Hexi along Qielan, crosses the Mongolian Plateau and Jinshan, passes through Biebali, Changbali, Arimuri, Taqisi River, Selan, Huotan and Jieshi, and crosses the Amu Darya River in the south.
1222 I met Genghis Khan in early summer.
Qiu Chuji advised Genghis Khan to "respect heaven and love the people as the foundation" and "abstinence is the most important". Genghis Khan appreciated his words very much. Instead of calling him by his first name, he called him a "fairy" and ordered his men to record his words to educate his sons.
Later generations commented that Qiu Chuji had the merit of "stopping killing with one word".
By the spring of 1223, Qiu Chuji had been with Genghis Khan for one year. Not adapting to the plateau climate and missing his homeland, Qiu Chuji decided to return to the East.
In March, Genghis Khan reluctantly bid farewell to Qiu Chuji and gave him many treasures, but he was declined. So Genghis Khan issued a letter to exempt Quanzhen believers from taxes and sent 5000 cavalry to escort him home.
Later, Genghis Khan gave Qiu Chuji the roller and the imperial seal, and ordered Yanjing Province to build a palace view for Quanzhen Sect. The content of the imperial edict is the inscription of Puji Palace in Shitangshan, neixiang county, Henan Province, written by Emperor Genghis Khan.
Since then, Qiu Chuji has been able to carry forward Quanzhen religion, extensively build Taoist temples, and take charge of Taoism in the world, thus achieving the status of a Mongolian teacher. Qiu Chuji also rescued a large number of people from the Central Plains with official seals, and rescued 20,000 to 30,000 people who were taken into slavery by the Mongols.
Qiu Chuji's trip to Wan Li spans the hinterland of Asia. On the way to the west, a group of people are often harassed by sandstorms and quicksand. When it is difficult, the car is stuck in quicksand, the horse is stagnant, and people can't move.
There are detailed information about Journey to the West in The Journey to the West written by Qiu Chuji's accompanying disciple Li Zhichang. In this respect, Qiu Chuji can be regarded as another ancient traveler after Tang Xuanzang's westward journey.
Geographically, The Journey to the West in Qiu Chuji is of great scientific value. First of all, its travel route is to enter Central Asia along the north latitude Mongolian Plateau via Xinjiang, and most of the routes have never been to China before.
As far as the distance is concerned, it far exceeds that of Zhang Qian in Han Dynasty.
As far as the specific geographical route described in Changchun Reality Journey to the West is concerned, it is also different from Fa Xian Zhuan and Datang Xi Yu Ji. Therefore, the geographical value of Changchun's real journey to the west is precious.
Secondly, The Journey to the West, a real person in Changchun, described the natural landscapes of Mongolian Plateau, Western Regions and Central Asia in the 3rd century/kloc with refined brushwork, including the climatic vegetation, mountains, canyons, rivers, lakes, deserts, forests, oases and other geological features that passed through tens of thousands of miles along the way, leaving extremely precious natural and geographical information for future generations.
For example, in the northeast, after passing through the saline-alkali land of Jialipo, it leaves the Mingchang boundary in five days and then enters the desert of Mongolia in six or seven days. "there is no sand and no trees in the northeast for thousands of miles", and the land is vast and sparsely populated. During the Qingming period, there was still freezing.
Regarding the geographical situation of the Grand Canyon near Altai Mountain, "the mountain is high and the valley is deep, and the valley is long, so scooter is not feasible".
When crossing the most difficult section of Yinshan Mountain, The Journey to the West carefully described the local terrain through Changchun real people:
Crossing the river and the hills in the south, the stones are mixed with five colors, and there is no vegetation beside them. It is 70 miles from the beginning to the end, and there are two red mountains as roads. In addition, there is a small manhole in the saline-alkali land for 30 miles. There is grass beside the water for food, mostly sheep and horses.
After Sailimu Lake, Changchun Reality Journey to the West described this:
In the morning, about 20 miles southwest, suddenly there is a big pool, 200 miles in Fiona Fang, surrounded by snow peaks, reflected in the pool, named Tianchi. Southbound along the pool, the left and right peaks are steep, and the pine birch is gloomy, more than 100 feet high. From the top of the mountain to the foot of the mountain, there are tens of thousands of plants, and many people flow into the canyon, rushing and surging, and the winding bay ring can reach sixty or seventy miles.
Accurately and vividly recorded the geographical location of Sailimu Lake, and the flow direction of mountains and rivers in and around Fiona Fang.
Journey to the West by Changchun Reality also accurately summarizes the distribution characteristics of forests in Changsongling mountain area in central Mongolia, and points out that its forest distribution is limited to the northern slope.
It also analyzes and compares the geographical and climatic characteristics of Dashilinya area in Central Asia: "The climate here is different from that north of Jinshan, and there are a lot of flat land. Agriculture and mulberry are the service, grapes are brewed into wine, and the fruits are the same as those in China. Only when it doesn't rain in summer will all the rivers be drained to irrigate the hundred valleys. "
Changchun's Journey to the West also recorded some natural phenomena, such as the solar eclipse that Qiu Chuji encountered on his way to the west. When traveling westward along the south bank of the Krulen River, an eclipse was recorded in early May. "On the first day of May, there was food in the pavilion at noon, watching the stars, and soon my sight was restored. It was eroded from the southwest on the south bank of the river and was born in the northeast. "
Later, he calculated calendars in big cities like Miskan, Qiu Chuji and Lu Yu, and Qiu Chuji also discussed with him the causes of the solar eclipse he saw during his trip. It shows that Qiu Chuji has noticed the time difference in different places during his trip.
Secondly, a real-life The Journey to the West in Changchun also recorded a lot of human geography information in detail, such as population, folk customs, religious beliefs, architecture, handicraft production, etc., which is helpful for us to understand the human geography and its changes in the western regions and Central Asia in the13rd century.
For example, Qiu Chuji went to the Baikal region under the jurisdiction of King Watson, the fourth brother of Genghis Khan. About the geographical situation and customs of this place, Changchun Real Journey to the West has a detailed account:
When the water condenses, the grass shines slightly ... The land is cool and hot at dusk, the grass is full of yellow flowers, the water flows northeast, and there are many tall willows on both sides, which are used by Mongols to build huts.
This book vividly describes the architecture, population and industry of Central Asian cities. For example, Samarkand in Uzbekistan has a detailed account, and the records of urban architecture, utensils system and folk customs are precious historical documents for the study of Chinese and Western history, human geography and transportation in the13rd century.
The geographical value of Changchun Real Journey to the West is far from the above three aspects, and other records such as geology, meteorology, hydrology, species and minerals are also very common. For example, Central Asia was the origin of cotton in ancient times, and the book records the cotton planting situation in Ma market, which helps us to understand the history of cotton planting.
The detailed records in Changchun Real Journey to the West are of irreplaceable geographical value for studying the historical geography and physical geography of northwest China and Central Asia. Scholars in Qing Dynasty have made textual research on the geographical and meteorological records in Changchun Real Man's Journey to the West.
As a result, Qiu Chuji himself was included in Biography of Ancient Scientists in China as a geographer and became a Taoist geographer recognized by geographers.