The bamboo flute is made of a bamboo tube, which consists of a flute body, a flute stopper, a flute membrane, a membrane hole, a flute hole, a seabed, a winding silk, a floating fringe, an inlaid mouth, a blow hole, and a sound hole. , basic sound hole, auxiliary sound hole.
1. The body of the flute: It is made of a bamboo tube, with sections removed and hollowed out to form an inner chamber.
2. Flute stopper: a stopper made of soft wood, installed at a certain depth in the upper end of the blow hole.
3. Flute film: It is usually made of reed film. After rubbing, take a small square and use it. After the air flow vibrates the flute membrane, it can produce a crisp and bright sound.
4. Membrane hole: It is the second hole on the left end of the flute body. Mainly used for pasting flute film. The flute membrane plays a role in changing the timbre here. You can still play a flute without a membrane hole, but you won't get the unique sound you get with a membrane.
5. Flute holes: divided into blow holes, film holes and sound holes.
6. The bottom of the flute: also known as the flute head, is a section of the flute body from the inner edge of the flute plug to the center of the blow hole. It prevents the air from flowing upward, allowing the mouth wind to flow downward and concentrate the pronunciation.
7. Silk winding: Use silk strings to wrap around the outside of the flute body. There are 21 to 24 strings in total, which protect the flute body from bursting.
8. Floating fringe: a decoration tied to the sound hole, usually made of ribbons.
9. Mouth: Usually the left end (or both ends) of the flute body is inlaid with ox bone or ivory, which is called the mouth.
10. Blowing hole: It is the first hole on the left end of the flute body. The flute can produce sound by pouring air into the flute tube through the blow hole, causing the air column in the tube to vibrate.
11. Sound holes: (Press the finger holes) There are six of them. Opening and closing these sound holes respectively can produce different high and low sounds.
12. Fundamental sound hole: It can be used for tuning and plays a role in delineating the lowest bass range of the flute.
13. Auxiliary sound holes: The two holes at the lower end of the basic sound hole can be used to adjust the treble, beautify the tone, increase the volume, and can also be used to tie floating ears.
Extended information:
Generally speaking, the mouthpiece of an ordinary flute is the first section of the instrument, with a blow hole on it, and its function is to produce sound. The top of the flute head is a flute cap, and the flute cap has a screw connected to the cork inside the flute head.
Rotate the flute cap to adjust the position of the cork inside the flute head. Please note that the position of the cork inside the flute head has been adjusted when the instrument leaves the factory. Unless there are special circumstances, students should not turn the flute cap at will. The body of the flute is the second section, and the tail is the third section, with sound holes and linkage buttons on it. Opening or closing the sound hole will change the pitch of the sound.
Basic principles of pronunciation——
The pronunciation of the flute is the same as that of the Chinese flute, which belongs to the edge pronunciation method. To put it simply, when we blow air into the mouthpiece, a sound is made due to the collision of the air flow in the tube, and the sound is produced by the syringe.
So the mouth shape and blowing angle when playing have a direct impact on the timbre. The flute is a twelve-well-tempered instrument. If all the sound holes are pressed, the lowest note of the flute will be emitted. Counting from the bottom, every time a sound hole is opened, it will rise by a semitone. But the high range requires the use of staggered fingering.
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Dizi