Du Manuscript Zhongli (dù gǎo zhōng lì), Lacquer Book Wall Sutra (qī shū bì jīng).
Translation: There are manuscripts of Du Du’s cursive script and authentic official scripts of Zhong Yao, as well as ancient lacquer-written books unearthed from the tomb of King Wei Anli in Jí County, as well as the inscriptions written by King Lu Gong of the Han Dynasty. Ancient scriptures found in the walls of the Confucius Temple in Qufu.
Analysis: Apart from the three tombs and five canons, what other good things are there in the Guangnei Hall? There are also authentic antique calligraphy and paintings, such as Du manuscripts, Zhongli, lacquer scripts, and wall scriptures.
There was a man named Du Du in the Han Dynasty who was good at writing cursive script. The first person to write cursive script in Chinese history was Du Du, not Huai Su from the Tang Dynasty. The manuscript written in Du Du's cursive script is called Du manuscript. Zhong Yao of the Three Kingdoms era was the best in the world in writing official script, and his authentic official script is Zhongli.
In addition, there is also the "Qishu Wall Sutra". Lacquer script is a large-headed and small-tailed text written on bamboo slips with resin paint in ancient times, before pen and ink were invented. It is called "tadpole script" in modern times.
Wu Qiu Yan of the Yuan Dynasty explained in "Xue Gu Bian": "In ancient times, there was no pen and ink, so bamboo stiles were used to paint and write on bamboo. The bamboo was hard and the paint was greasy, so painting could not be done, so the head was thick and the tail was thin. , similar to its shape of an ear. "A lacquer calligraphy pen made of jade from the Shang Dynasty has been unearthed in modern times. It can be seen that lacquer calligraphy is not only the earliest hard-pen calligraphy style in China, but also the oldest kind of calligraphy in China. "Book of Jin. Biography of Shu Xi" records. During the Jin Dynasty, a man named Bu Quan from Jidu (now Xinxiang, Henan Province) robbed the tomb of King Xiang of Wei during the Warring States Period and obtained 13 ancient books written in lacquer.
The wall scriptures refer to the scriptures hidden in the walls of Confucius’ old residence. Qin Shihuang burned books to enslave Confucianism and confiscated all Confucian books. The eighth descendant of Confucius was afraid that Confucianism would be lost, so he hid some scriptures in the wall. The younger brother of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, King Lu Gong, wanted to occupy Confucius's old residence to build a garden. When the wall was demolished, the bamboo slips inside were found, containing the "Book of Filial Piety", "Shang Shu", "The Analects of Confucius", etc.
There is a saying that Qin Shihuang burned books to harass Confucian scholars and buried 461 Confucian scholars alive. It is true that Li Si helped do this. Those Confucian scholars always criticized him below. He was originally from a bad background and his mother was not serious. These people chewed their tongues every day, and finally drove him to the edge and trapped these people in the valley. As for burning books, he only burned part of them symbolically, and the rest were piled in Afang Palace. Xiang Yu set fire to Epang Palace, and the war lasted for three months, so Li Si killed Confucian scholars and Xiang Yu burned books. The two were the culprits, and Qin Shihuang always took the blame.
When Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty Liu Ying came to power, he found that there were no Confucian classics in the world. So he told the world to see who still has Confucian classics. Who dares to hide it, the book will be gone, and they can only rely on memorization to write it down silently. The most famous among them is a ninety-year-old man named Fu Sheng, who wrote the entire "Book of Documents" silently. Later, we compared the Shangshu found in the wall scriptures with the Shangshu he wrote silently, and found that they were word by word, which shows that the ancients' recitation skills were truly outstanding. Once a war breaks out and the books are burned, you will never be able to get them back if you don’t have the skills to memorize them.