rammel
Yu Zun, a talented person, comes from Nanchang. I don't admire the knowledge of Ilo. Jane Zhongyan has been the top scholar for three years and is ready to talk about hostages at any time. Zhao Ding went to Lingshu (1), lived in Changshan and paid his respects. Because of irony, he said, "In public affairs, we should enlighten more and do less. At the time of enlightenment, be more sincere and less language. " Ding Qi was cited as a guest. Ding DuDu Sichuan and Shaanxi, Jingxiang, monarch pawn for the genus. At the beginning of Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong made a personal expedition. When he saw Ding Yue, he said, "Six dragons are close to the river, and the soldiers are furious. But if you do this yourself, will it be completely safe? " Or give it a try? "Ding said," China's retreat has been slow for many years, but the enemy's feelings have become more arrogant. His benevolence and righteousness can no longer be compromised, so I praise him. If this matter is not aided, it will not be known to Ding. Yue said, "However, if you want to figure out the way home, don't let your father worry about being stolen by thieves." "Ding said," how can we get away safely? Yue said, "Zhang has great expectations and lives in Fujian. Today, Mo Ruo made him a propaganda envoy for Jiangsu, Huai, Jing, Zhejiang, Fujian and other roads, so that all the soldiers could go to Que. On the day of his appointment, all the Ku troops and Qian Gu served him.
Fu Xuan route, that is, the way back to the court. "Ding said," Promise. " Then he came in and said, "Today, the plan to draw classics along the Yangtze River has been drawn up, and the minister must help accordingly. Will your majesty finally abandon a talent like Zhang Jun? " The emperor said, "I use it. "So I learned about the Privy Council. When he arrived, he held up the tripod and said, "All the measures taken in this trip are in line with people's hearts." Ding smiled and said, "A child's talent is also a virtue. "Therefore, contacts between Yu Ding and Jun are beneficial, and recommended by Ding, who awarded the secretary the provincial orthographic collating history museum. When Jin retired from his teacher, Ding and Jun had a good relationship. People know that they will live in harmony, and they say alone, "If two people should be in the same place, when Zhao retires, another day, they will be appointed.". If they are not far apart, they will be more arrogant if they are in the same place. " He said after a while. He also tasted: "people who push carts will criticize each other when they encounter difficulties and obstacles, and they will be as happy as ever when they stop;" "being a scholar is the right thing for the country." First of all, Xian and Zhang Jiucheng made peace. Qin Gui, who is at peace with the Lord, wants to make a statement and illegally slander 90% people. He went out to Huaining County, Zhou Shu, and was sentenced to Hengzhou as an official. After his death, he was reinstated as a high-ranking official, transferred to the Ministry of Industry as foreign minister, and went out to meet qi zhou. Xiaozong acceded to the throne, which was used to promote Changping in eastern Zhejiang and govern the performance. Cherish spring for seven years, died of illness.
(Selected from Biography of Song History)
To annotate ...
① Center: refers to the central government affairs. 2 Kaiwo: Enlighten and assist the king wholeheartedly.
Translation:
Yu Zun is a talented person. His ancestors were from Nanchang. He admired Cheng Zhu's Neo-Confucianism from an early age. He has been a scholar for three years. He is honest and argumentative. After Zhao Ding left the Privy Council, he lived in Changshan to pay his respects, so he gently advised him, "You should serve the emperor wholeheartedly, but let the emperor do less." . When enlightening, talk less and be more sincere. "Zhao Ding thought he was very strange, so he was invited to visit. When Zhao Ding was in charge of Sichuan, Shaanxi and Jingxiang, Xun Yu was recruited as his family. In the early years of Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong personally led troops to war. When he met Zhao Ding, he said, "Driving on the river will boost morale by a hundred times, but are you considering this move for your own benefit?"? "Or let's just make this last attempt?" Zhao Ding said: "The Central Plains retreated to forbearance all the year round, and the morale of the people was low, which made the enemy more arrogant and there was no reason to surrender, so I supported the emperor's expedition. As for whether things can succeed, it is not for me to know. " Xun Yu said, "Then we should figure out the way back, and don't let thieves bring sorrow to the king." Zhao Ding asked, "What should we do?" Xun Yu said: "Zhang has a high reputation and lives in Fujian. Now let him be the propaganda ambassador of Jiangsu, Huai, Beijing, Zhejiang and Fujian, and let him lead all the soldiers to the imperial court. From the day the order was given, he was in charge of the state treasury, the army and money and grain.
The path of special envoy Fu Xuan is the path of imperial court. "Zhao Ding said," good. "So as soon as he entered the imperial court, he told the emperor:" Now the planning scheme of the imperial court has been basically determined, and it must be received and assisted by the minister. Will your majesty abandon a talent like Zhang Jun? " The emperor said, "I appointed him. "So I use Zhang Jun to understand the Privy Council. When Zhang Jun arrived, he took Zhao Ding's hand and said, "This is due to Zi Cai. "From then on, Yu Zun often traveled between Zhao Ding and Zhang Jun, which was very helpful to them. Soon, due to Zhao Ding's recommendation, Yu Zun was awarded the position of orthographic proofreader in the Provincial History Museum. At the beginning, after withdrawing troops, Zhao Ding and Zhang Jun got along very well. Everyone knows that they will stand side by side. Only Xun Yu said, "They should be in the Privy Council for the time being. When Zhao Ding retires, Zhang Jun will take over. If they are not far apart, they will have a long history. If the two are in the same phase, if there is any inconsistency, when one should leave, then the other will definitely change course, and then the sage will contradict himself. " Later, things gradually became as Xun Yu said. He once said: "People who push carts complain to each other when they encounter difficulties and dangers. When the bus stopped, they were as happy as ever. Scholars do the same for the country. "Before that, the royal statue and Zhang Jiucheng said it was inconvenient to make peace, while Qin Gui advocated making peace, and some people catered to his wishes, impeaching the royal statue and Zhang Jiucheng for framing ridicule. Yu Zun became a monk in Huaining County, Zhou Shu, and served as the judge of Hengzhou, and soon retired. After Qin Gui's death, Yu Zun became a high official again, turned into a minister of the Ministry of Industry, and went out to Beijing to be a magistrate of qi zhou. After Xiaozong succeeded to the throne, he was promoted to Changping in eastern Zhejiang, famous for his political achievements. Xichun died in the seventh year.
trait
The History of Song Dynasty is characterized by rich historical materials and detailed narration. In Song Dynasty, economy was prosperous, culture and scholarship were active, and block printing was popular. The compiled history books are easy to publish and circulate.
With the development of the imperial examination system, a large number of civil servants have been formed. They are well paid and have good writing conditions. In addition, the rulers attached importance to compiling the history of the dynasty, which also promoted the development of historiography in the Song Dynasty.
The historical compilation of this dynasty was undertaken by Chongwen Academy in the early Northern Song Dynasty. After Wang Anshi's political reform reformed the official system, the secretary province was mainly responsible. The history of contemporary official training includes the Official Notes, which records the words and deeds of the emperor, the records of the prime minister, the ruling proceedings and the current affairs with the emperor, and the meetings that record the laws and regulations in detail in the calendar compiled on a monthly and daily basis, as well as the chronicle and biography National History.
The History of the Song Dynasty compiled at the end of the Yuan Dynasty was compiled by Yuan people using the old History of the Song Dynasty, which basically preserved the original appearance of the national history of the Song Dynasty.
The History of the Song Dynasty recorded the politics, economy, military affairs, culture, ethnic relations, laws and regulations of the Song Dynasty and many people who were active in this historical period in detail. It is the basic historical data for studying the history of more than 300 years in the Song Dynasty. For example, we can not only see the general situation of social and economic development in the Song Dynasty and the strengthening of economic ties among various ethnic groups and regions in China, but also see the highly developed spiritual civilization and material civilization in the Song Dynasty. Astronomical and meteorological data, scientific data and rich historical materials about natural disasters such as earthquakes are kept in astronomy, calendars and the chronicles of the five elements.
In addition to the contemporary official history, there are also many folk historical works. For example, Li Tao, a historian at the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, compiled the Long Compilation of Continuing Capital Management, Managing Capital Management, Managing Capital Management, Managing Capital Management, Managing Capital Management, Managing Capital Management, Managing Capital Management, Managing Capital Management, Managing Capital Management, Managing Capital Management, and Managing Capital Management, which is devoted to the historical facts of the Northern Song Dynasty. The Annals of the League of Three Dynasties in the North compiled by Xu, a historian of Xiaozong in the Southern Song Dynasty, specifically recorded the relationship between Qin Zong, the Three Dynasties and the Jin Peace War.
Therefore, the Yuan Dynasty had sufficient information when compiling the History of Song Dynasty. In terms of chronicles, The History of Song Dynasty has fifteen chronicles, with a volume of 162, accounting for about one third of the book's length, second only to biographies. Its examples are numerous and its weight is heavy, which is also unique in the twenty-five history. Among them, The Official History describes in detail the organization of the bureaucracies at all levels from the central to the local level in the Song Dynasty, including food cities, film compensation, salaries, etc., from which we can see the strengthening of autocratic centralization in the Song Dynasty. In addition, geography, officials, food and military affairs are also well compiled. The History of Song Dynasty can basically reflect the political, economic, military and cultural conditions at that time.
superiority
Although there are many omissions in The History of Song Dynasty, it still preserves many lost original materials and is an important historical book for understanding and studying the history of Song Dynasty. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, many people have corrected or supplemented the history of the Song Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, Ke Weiqi wrote a 200-volume New Edition of the History of the Song Dynasty, which integrated the history of the Song, Liao and Jin Dynasties and took the Song Dynasty as the orthodoxy. The new edition of History of the Song Dynasty corrects some mistakes in the History of the Song Dynasty, but the richness of historical materials is far less than that of the History of the Song Dynasty.
At the end of Qing Dynasty, Lu Xinyuan's 40-volume Song Shiyi was supplemented by 783 biographies and 64 biographies of turquoise according to the inscriptions and notes of past dynasties.
Although the History of Song Dynasty has many shortcomings, it is voluminous, which is twice as large as the Biography of Old Tang Dynasty. Detailed description, as far as the academic value of historical materials is concerned, details are better than ellipsis. At the same time, the main materials of the history of the Song Dynasty are the national history, local chronicles, calendars and other books of the Song Dynasty, and now almost all of them have been lost, and The History of the Song Dynasty is the most systematic book to preserve the official and folk historical materials of the Song Dynasty.
The style of History of Song Dynasty is complete, which combines all the styles of biographical history books in the past, with complete biographical style, ideographic expression and annals, and is innovative. For example, foreign countries and barbarians are listed separately, thus distinguishing the boundaries between domestic ethnic groups and foreign neighbors. The biographies of Song history are richer than the previous generation, earning more than 2,000 people. The inclusion of Han Tong and other important figures who were not included in the history of the Five Dynasties in the history of the Song Dynasty, together with Li Jun and Li Zhongjin who supported Zhou and opposed Song, not only made up for the shortcomings of the history of the Five Dynasties, but also reflected the historical role of Han Tong and others. This treatment is very appropriate.
The History of Song Dynasty is one of the basic historical books for studying the history of Liao, Song and Jin Dynasties. Among the existing important historical materials of the Song Dynasty, only the History of the Song Dynasty runs through the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties, and a large number of historical records have been preserved for 320 years. Many historical facts are not found in other books.
In particular, The History of Song Dynasty contains 15 kinds of records, including astronomy, five elements, calendars, geography, canals, etiquette, music, ceremonies, costumes, elections, official positions, food, soldiers, punishments, arts and literature, and records a generation of astronomical calendars, laws and regulations, social economy, administrative evolution, book catalogues, etc. Although sometimes lost, it was lost by later historians. There are biographies of loyalty and righteousness in the history of the Song Dynasty, and besides biographies of Confucian scholars, there are also biographies of Taoism, which also reflect some historical characteristics of the Song Dynasty.
disadvantaged
The biggest shortcoming of The History of Song Dynasty is its roughness. Because of the short writing time, it only took two years and seven months, and it was on the eve of the collapse of the Yuan Dynasty, so it was compiled in a hurry. There is a lack of careful identification and review of historical materials in compilation, and the materials are not carefully cut; This book is disorganized and poorly arranged. On the whole, the Northern Song Dynasty is fine and the Southern Song Dynasty is short. For example, in Biography of Wen Yuan, there were 8 1 writers in the Northern Song Dynasty, and only 1 1 writers in the Southern Song Dynasty. In the biography of officials, there was no one in the Southern Song Dynasty. In addition, the historical facts after Ningzong are lacking but cannot be contained. Although biographies occupy a large space, with more than 2,800 people entering biographies, there are still many missing figures. For example, at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Wang Jian, who made meritorious service in defending Hezhou by the Mongolian army, was as brave as Zhang Xun in the Tang Dynasty in defending Suiyang, but there was no special biography in the history of the Song Dynasty, and his deeds were only scattered in the biographies and biographies of the History of the Song Dynasty and the History of the Yuan Dynasty. Another example is the patriotic poet Liu Kezhuang, the king who gave his life for Wen Tianxiang and never looked north. Some people also have the phenomenon of one person passing on the second. For example, the biography of Song Dynasty 1 16, and the biography of Li Xijing12. Moreover, the arrangement of biographies is not in chronological order, which leads to the confusion of order.
The ideological tendency of respecting Taoism (Neo-Confucianism) is obvious in the history of Song Dynasty. Before The Scholars, the first biography of Taoism in Song Dynasty recorded Taoist figures such as Zhou Dunyi, Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi, Zhang Zai, Shao Yong and Zhu, which highlighted the status of Taoism. In addition, the three biographies of loyalty and filial piety are also promoting Taoist thought. Among them, the biography of loyalty and righteousness has as many as 278 people. Although these contents are aimed at promoting feudal ethics, they provide valuable information for future generations to study Neo-Confucianism.
The History of Song Dynasty denied Wang Anshi's political reform and praised Taoism, and included Lv Huiqing, Ceng Bu, Zhang Dun and others in the biography of treacherous court officials. In the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a history of the right to rape the country and the people, but it was not included in the biography of treacherous court officials. This also reflects the limitations of Yuan Dynasty historians' understanding.