Who are the upper eight immortals, the middle eight immortals and the lower eight immortals in Taoism?

The Eight Immortals is one of the most popular immortal groups in China. There were many kinds of "Eight Immortals" in ancient times. The Eight Immortals in Shu in Jin Dynasty refer to Rong Chenggong, Li Er, Dong Zhongshu, Zhang Daoling, Zhuang Junping, Li Babai and Fan Changsheng. Ji Shu, written by Jin Qiaoxiu, said that all eight people became immortals in Shu. There were eight immortals in the Tang Dynasty, namely, Li Bai, He, Li, Li Wangjin, Cui Zongzhi, Zhang Xu and Jiao Sui. Eight literati all liked to drink and write poems, and Du Fu once wrote the Song of the Eight Immortals while drinking.

The Eight Immortals of Taoism that people are familiar with today refer to Zhang, Han Zhongli, Han Xiangzi, He Xiangu, Lan Caihe and Cao Guojiu. This group of Eight Immortals originated in the Tang Dynasty and developed in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. They were listed as Eight Immortals in the drama Eight Immortals on Birthday in Yuan Dynasty, but their names have not been decided. It was not until the middle of the Ming Dynasty that Yuan Wu Tai's Travel Notes of the Eight Immortals to the East was named and has been passed down to this day.

After the Eight Immortals appeared, some people felt that it was not lively enough, so they pieced together several other groups of upper, middle and lower Eight Immortals. There has always been a saying in the Yuan Dynasty that it belonged to the Ming Dynasty, referring to Zhang He and his gang, and the Qing Dynasty listed them as the middle. Commonly known as "Eight-hole Immortal". Wang Qiao, Chen Zizi, Xu Shenweng, Liu Ling, Chen Tuan, Bi Zhuo, Ren Fengzi and Liu Haichan are the eight immortals in the Ming Dynasty's anonymous drama He Shengping Qingxian. The next eight immortals in He Xiangu Bao Juan are Guang Chengzi, Gui Guzi, Sun Bin, Liu Hai, Hehe Erxian, Li Babai and Ma Gu. In the Book of Longevity written by the Eight Immortals, the next eight immortals are Zhang Xian, Liu Bowen, Zhuge Liang, Miao Guangyu, Xu Maogong, Lu Ningxiu and the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl. The next eight immortals in the drum lyrics of Monkey King cauldron are Luo, Lu Ban, Zhang Qian, Li Wan,, and Du Kang. The Eight Immortals corresponding to these four groups are Fu, Lu, Shou Sanxing, Chen Tuan, Peng Zu and Lishan. Visible, these eight immortals group busybodies arbitrary and at sixes and sevens, is not very clever, so it is not recognized by people, influence is not big, far from being compared with Lv Dongbin and other eight immortals. In addition, this group of Eight Immortals has different and colorful images, which is quite different from some dignified and dangerous immortals. They each have their own strengths and avoid disasters for the people. It is a lively and interesting drama, which has a deep influence on the people and is very popular.