Taking humanity as righteousness and Vitamin as a stepping stone. Mencius said, "Do you think that a child can conform to the nature of a willow?" Do thieves lick willows and think they are? If you think a thief is arrogant, you will think a thief is benevolent. Those who lead the world to harm righteousness must be the words of the son! "The second accuser said," Nature is still turbulent. The East will flow eastward and the West will flow westward.
There is no distinction between human nature and water. Mencius said, "Water and faith are inseparable from things.
Is there no difference between up and down? The goodness of human nature is even better than water. There is nothing wrong with people, and there is nothing wrong with water.
Today's husband water, jumping and jumping, can make it too long; If you are excited, you can make it in the mountains. Is this the nature of water? Its potential is natural.
People can be bad, but their nature is still good. Sangaozi said, "Life is called sex." "
Mencius said, "Life is natural, and those who are still white are white?" Said, "Of course." "White is still as white as snow; Snow, white jade? " Said, "Of course."
"However, the nature of the dog is still the nature of the cow; The nature of cattle, the nature of Jews and? " Four plaintiffs said: "Eating color and sex are also important. Benevolence, inside, not outside; Righteousness is outside, not inside. "
Mencius said, "Why do you call benevolence inside and righteousness outside?" Yue: "I am good at what I am good at, but I am not good at what I am;" If you are still white, I am also white, and I am also white from the outside, so I call it outside. "yue:" it is different from the white of a white horse, and it is no different from the white of a white man; I don't know the length of a long horse, which is no different from the length of a long person. Still call the elders righteous? What is the meaning of long? "He said," My brother loves it, but the brother of the Qin people doesn't love it. It is because he likes me that he is called "nei".
The Chu people are as good as me, and they also like the elders, so they are called outsiders. Yue: "Qin people's cooking is no different from mine." .
There are natural things, but there are also external things. Wu Mengji asked Du Zi, "Why do you say righteousness?" He said, "I respect you, so I'm in." "If a fellow villager is one year older than Bo Ge, who will respect him?" Say "to brothers"
"Who will come first?" He said, "Consider the villagers first." "Respect is here, the director is there, and the fruit is outside, not from the inside."
Gong could not answer, so he had to tell Mencius. Mencius said, "To my uncle? For your brother? He would say "to uncle".
You said,' If my brother is a corpse, who will respect him?' He would say, "Give it to your brother." Confucius said, "Is it evil to respect your uncle?" He will say,' I am in office, so I am here.
The son also said:' I am in office, so I am also. I respect my brother, but I need to respect my hometown.
When Kiko heard this, he said, "If you respect your uncle, you respect your brother. The fruit is outside, not inside. " Justice: "You drink soup in winter, water in summer, and eat and drink outside?" Confucius said, "Tell Confucius,' There is no good or evil in human nature.
Or:' sex is good or bad; So it is both civil and military, and * * * is good; Quiet and provocative, * * * so violent. "or:' there are good and evil natures; Therefore, Yao is like a king, and you are obedient to your father; Taking Zhou as the son of his brother and taking him as the king is a prince with Wei.
Today, I say' nature is good', but neither is true? Mencius said, "If it is true, it can be good, which is called good. If the husband is not good, it is also a crime of no talent.
Everyone has compassion; Everyone has a heart of shame and evil; Everyone has a respectful heart; Everyone has a right and wrong heart. Compassion, benevolence; Shame and nausea, righteousness also; Respect and courtesy; The heart of right and wrong is also wise.
Benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom are not foreign, but inherent to me, so I think. So:' You will get what you ask, and you will lose what you give up.
Still those who can't count, those who don't try their best. The poem says:' Life is for steaming people, and there are things.
It is a virtue for the people to catch barbarians. Confucius said,' Who knows this poet? Therefore, if there is something, there must be it, and the people can master it, so goodness is a virtue.
"Mencius Seven" said: "When you are rich, your children depend on you; When you are fierce, children are violent, and it is natural for you to fall from the sky. The reason why you are trapped in your heart is natural. Today, the husband plows wheat and sows it. Its land is the same, and it is the same when it is planted. As for that day, it has matured.
Although there are differences, the land is fertile, the rain and dew are raised, and the personnel are uneven. So the same kind is similar, why not doubt it separately? Saints and my kind.
Therefore, Zi Long said,' it's embarrassing to be dissatisfied, and I know it's not embarrassing.' The similarity of the world is the same as the similarity of the world.
Mouth means the same thing to taste. Yi Ya understood what I said first.
If the mouth is used for tasting, its nature is different from that of people. If dogs and horses are different from me, what is the world from elegance to taste? As for the taste, the world is elegant, similar to the mouth of the world. As for sound, the world is in Shi Kuang, similar to the ears of the world.
Just like eyes. As for the hippopotamus chef, the world knows its beauty.
People who don't know that their children are beautiful have no vision. Therefore: the mouth is also in taste, and there are similarities; The ear is to the sound, and there is the same hearing; There are similarities and differences in color of eyes.
As for the heart, is it unique? What is the same as the heart? It is also reasonable and justified. The saint won my sympathy first.
Therefore, reason pleases my heart and kindness pleases my mouth. Mencius said, "Niu Shan's wood is delicious because it is located in a big country. Can you cut it down with an axe? " It is a rest day and night, and the rain and dew are moist. It's not life without sprouting and tillering, so cattle and sheep are Mu Zhi, so it's the same.
When people see it, they think they have learned nothing. Is this the nature of mountains? Although people have it, don't they have the heart of righteousness? The reason why it puts its conscience is to point an axe at the wood, and it can be beautiful when it is cut at any time. The rest of the day and night, the sky is flat, its likes and dislikes are similar to those of people, and what it does during the day is doomed. Repeatedly, the air at night is not enough to survive; If there is not enough air at night, it is not far from invading wild animals.
Is it a pity that people think that they have never been talented when they see their beasts? So, if you get it, nothing will not last long; Nothing will disappear if you lose your support. Confucius said:' Fuck is survival, and give up is death; You will never know your hometown until you get in and out.
Only the heart calls peace? "Mencius Nine Books" said: "Nothing is more than the ignorance of the king. Although there are things that are easy to happen in the world, one day it is violent and ten days it is cold. No one can live.
I think it's rare. All the ones that have cooled down are here. So what if I am cute! The number of games played today is decimal; You can't do it if you don't concentrate.
Qiu Yi is the best athlete in this country. Let Qiu Yi teach two people to play chess, and one of them concentrates on playing chess.
2. Where is the classical Chinese of Mencius' confession? Lu wants Le Zhengzi to become a politician. Mencius said, "I am lucky to hear, but I can't sleep."
Gong Sunchou said, "Is happiness better than strength?"
Say, "No."
"Do you know about this?"
Say, "No."
"How much do you know?"
Say, "No."
"But Xi is happy but not sleepy?"
He said, "He is kind, too."
"Is it good enough?"
Yue: "It's not as good as the world, but? If the husband is kind, then all the people in the world will come a long way to tell him to be kind; If the husband is bad, then people will say: Besides, it is well known. The color of the sound also makes people stay away from it. A scholar stops a thousand miles away, and a flatterer will come. Living in a place opposite to you, what can the country get if it wants to govern? "
Lu wants Le Zhengzi to govern the country. Mencius said, "I am so happy that I can't sleep." Grandson asked, "Is Le Zhengzi strong?" Answer: "No" "Is there wisdom and strategy?" Answer: "No" "Are you well informed?" Answer: "No" (Gong Sunchou went on to say) "In that case, why are you so happy that you can't sleep?" Answer: "He loves good advice." "Is good advice enough?" A: "I like to listen to good opinions. It is more than enough to govern the world, not to mention a Lu country." If you like to hear good advice, then people all over the world are willing to come to Wan Li to tell him good advice; If you don't like good advice, then people will say,' Well, I already know.' That tone and expression have long shut people away from home. Scholars can't stop thousands of miles away, and people who like gossip and flattery will gather together. Is it possible to mix with these people and want to run the country well? "
3. What is the meaning of "goodness-oriented" in the classical Chinese "Mencius Gaozishang"? Gong said: "Gao Zi said,' There is no good or bad in nature. Or:' sex is good or bad; Is an old story, Xing Wu, and * * * good; You and Li Xing are so violent. Or:' There are good and evil natures; Therefore, Yao is the king and has an image; Taking the monarch as the father is smooth; I take Zhou as my disciple and think he is king, and I have Wei to compete with the prince. "Today, some people say that" nature is good ",but both statements are wrong. Gong Duzi said: "Gao Zi said:' There is no difference between good and bad sex.' Some people say:' nature can become kind or not; Therefore, Wen Wang and Wu Wang win the world, and the people love kindness; You Wang and Li ruled the world, and the people became cruel. "Others said,' There are people who are kind by nature and those who are not kind; Therefore, Yao is the king, but there are subjects like this; Take you as the father, but you have Shun (such a son); I take Zhou as my nephew and Zhou as my monarch, and I have a son and a monarch. "Now you say' nature is good', so what they said is wrong? Mencius said, "If it is true, it can be good, which is called good. If the husband is not good, it is also a crime of no talent. Everyone has compassion; Everyone has a heart of shame and evil; Everyone has a respectful heart; Everyone has a right and wrong heart. Compassion, benevolence; Shame and nausea, righteousness also; Respect and courtesy; The heart of right and wrong is also wise. Benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom are not foreign, but inherent to me, so I think. So there is a saying,' You will get it if you ask, and you will lose it if you give up'. Those who don't count can't do the best. " "Poetry" said:' People naturally steam, and there are things and rules. People's understanding of Yi is a virtue. (3) Confucius said:' He knows this poet! So, there must be something; People are loyal and easy, so good is virtue. Mencius said: "As for human's (natural) feelings, they can be considered as good, which is what I call good nature. As for people getting bad, it's not nature's fault. Compassion is for everyone; Everyone feels ashamed; Everyone has respect; Everyone has right and wrong. Compassion is benevolence; Shame is righteousness; Respect is politeness; Right and wrong is wisdom. It can be seen that benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom are not given to me by the outside world, but I already have them, but I just don't think about them. So,' seek and you will get, give up and you will lose.' Some people are twice, five times or even countless times worse than others, because they can't fully show their true nature. The Book of Songs says:' People are born with things, and there are laws. The people have kept their faithfulness, so they love virtue. "Confucius said,' Whoever wrote this poem knows it! Where there are things, there are laws; People keep their constancy, so they love virtue. ”"
[Notes] ① Youdu and Li: two tyrants of the Zhou Dynasty. ② Wei compared with the Prince: According to Zuo Zhuan and Historical Records, Wei was an ordinary brother. Zhou Wang's uncle, Prince Beagan, died because of protests in Zhou Wang. (3) The above four sentences are from The Book of Songs? Daya？ People.
4. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions: 1:A 2:D 3:( 1) Think you can't win; After estimating the strength, it is a fear of a strong enemy, considering that you can win and fight again.
(4 points. Seeing, measuring and meeting are each 1 minute, and the meaning of the whole sentence is 1 minute) (2) As a kind of qi, it is extremely grand and strong. If you repair with righteousness without loss, you will be everywhere.
(4 points, to, to, none, each 1 point, meaning of the whole sentence 1 point) Small question 4:(3 points) ① The most fundamental things to cultivate "noble spirit" are "righteousness" and "Tao". (2 points) (2) Everything you do will be just, and you will naturally develop a lofty spirit. You don't have to rush to pursue success, it will only be harmful.
Question 5: (4 points) What if Boyi Quanqi/Renji forbade starvation/and 70-year-old disciple/Zhong Ni recommended Yan Yuan as a studious student/but he was always empty/hated spoils/died a flea/was rewarded by heaven/if so? Question 1:.
Please translate the underlined sentence in the following classical Chinese: Mencius said that Dai Wubu said: "The son of Wang (1) wants his son, hoping that his son can speak Qi dialect. So, are you looking for Qi people to teach, or are you looking for Chu people to teach? (3 points) (2) It is impossible to whip him every day to make him talk.
(3 points) (3) (So) Who does the king do bad things with? Mencius said to Dai Wuda, "Do you want your king to have wisdom?" I see. Let me tell you something. There is an official of the State of Chu here. I hope his son can speak all the words. So, are you looking for Qi people to teach, or are you looking for Chu people to teach? "I can't bear to answer:" Find all the people to teach. "
Mencius said, "The Qi people come to teach it, but the Chu people bother it more. Even if he is flogged every day, he can't speak all the words. If you take him to live in the downtown area of Zhuangyue for a few years, it is impossible to whip him every day to speak Chu.
You said that Xue Juzhou is a very good person and let him live in the palace. If in the palace, the old and the young, the low and the high are all good people like Xue Juzhou, who can the king do bad things with? If in the palace, the old and the young, the low and the high are not such good people as Xue Juzhou, who will the king do good with? What can a Xue Juzhou do to the King of Song? "。