Jiaozuo's landscape is a humanistic landscape, and Jiaozuo's humanities are landscape humanities. Mountains and people are integrated and inseparable.
Here is the birthplace of human ancestors, with myths and legends such as Pangu's creation of the world, the marriage of Fuxi Nuwa, the ancestor of China, the goddess mending the sky, Xuanyuan Huangdi praying for heaven to break the human-god, and Dayu's water control.
At the end of primitive society, Huaichuan civilization located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River basin attracted hundreds of nationalities from all directions and became the center of the birthplace of the Chinese nation.
This is the starting point of the Shang Tang revolution; It is the frontier base of King Wu's cutting; It is the base camp of Guangxu Zhongxing in the later Han Dynasty. It is the source of "Zhengshi Feng Xuan" and the birthplace of Taiji culture with Feng Ba as its soul. It is the root of water conservancy culture and resort culture; It is the root of China's 46 surnames and Japanese three surnames: Sakamoto, Okura and Harada.
The place where Shennong sacrificed to heaven and tasted herbs and the remains of Sun Simiao, the king of medicine, show the origin of ancient agriculture and medicine.
Many ceramic cultural relics and Dangyangyu ceramic sites have been unearthed, which shows that Huaichuan is the source of the developed ceramic culture. Xia Zhengxiao, first promulgated by Dayu, is the root of China calendar, which originated from Tai Ji Chuan in Chenjiagou, Baji Boxing in Yueshan Temple and Ape Boxing in Elite Temple, proving that Huaichuan is the root of martial arts in China, the center of Taoism and the holy land of Buddhism.
This is the hometown of many masters.
Numerous historical celebrities such as Confucius, Li Bai, Bai Juyi and Han Yu have traveled, lived in seclusion or died here.
During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest" lived in seclusion in Xiuwu Baijiayan, which had a great influence.
Jiaozuo is located in the north bank of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, with a long history of agricultural development and a fine tradition of intensive cultivation.
As early as seven or eight thousand years ago, people planted millet and other food crops here.
Judging from the Neolithic cultural sites excavated in Jiaozuo area, there are not only a large number of production tools such as stone shovels, axes, stone sickles and clam knives, but also signs of primitive agricultural production such as wells and houses.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, local agriculture was very developed.
The handicraft industry in ancient Jiaozuo was also very developed.
Mainly in mining, smelting, pottery, weaving and arts and crafts.
There was a coal mining industry in the Warring States period, and there was a considerable mining scale in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which continued to this day, making Jiaozuo known as the "coal city".
According to archaeological excavations, there were bronzes here in the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yangshan became one of the largest smelting bases in China, and a number of workshops mainly manufacturing weapons and farm tools appeared in the Song Dynasty.
According to historical records, there are 60 historical ancient cities in the city, including 6 in the urban area; There are 335 temples, of which more than 70 are located in urban areas. According to statistics, there are 833 immovable cultural relics in the city, including 6 national key cultural relics protection units, 44 at the provincial level and 492 at the county level. There are 2 14 immovable cultural relics in urban areas, including 1 national key cultural relics protection unit, 6 provincial-level sites and 865438+ municipal sites.
Daoqing Railway, Zemeisheng Mine, Fu Company Office Building and Qianzhuang reflect the history of modern coal cities. Jiaozuo Institute of Technology is the earliest institution of higher learning in Henan Province.
Traditional history and culture are still shining in Jiaozuo today, and have been inherited and developed.
The period of the Yellow Emperor was an era of invention and creation of the Chinese nation, and farming, living, fishing and hunting, clothing, water storage, pottery making and other industries rose.
The emperor advocated "science", rewarded people who made inventions, assigned him to be responsible for the affairs of a certain industry, and brought his expertise into play.
Jiaozuo area is the fief of Ning.
Ning is a person's name and a tribal leader in Jiaozuo area.
The land in this area, and therefore the name of the tribal leader, is called "Yining".
Up to now, Xiuwu is called Ning for short, and Yuntai Mountain is called "Ningbei Mountain" because of this cultural origin.
The name of the Yellow Emperor comes from the development of yellow land and agriculture.
At the same time, why is Ning named after Ning? It is related to family blood culture and fertility culture.
It is Ning who ended the state of human society without family and began to form a family life style with blood relationship as the link, and differentiated, continued and strengthened future generations with parent-child relationship.
Created a social organization model with the family as the social cell.
Jiaozuo area is called Huaichuan, also known as Hanoi.
When the Huangdi tribe began its agricultural civilization in Henan and Hedong, the Henning tribe in the three rivers began its family civilization.
Hanoi is surrounded by mountains and rivers, criss-crossing rivers and lakes, rich in water resources, salty soil and dense forests and grasses.
Ning people in the water town advocate fire; The beginning of family culture needs fire.
There is a fixed place to keep fire in the soil, and pottery is burned in the soil, which gives Ning people the inspiration to create mischief.
The soil in Ningdi is suitable for making pottery, which can be proved from the later making of twisted porcelain and twisted pottery in Dangyangyu to the pottery kilns and porcelain kilns everywhere in Jiaozuo in the Song Dynasty.
Ningshou is good at making pottery. The Yellow Emperor named him Zi, and people respectfully called him Zi.
This "zi" is Confucius' "zi", which means to be a teacher and to give and receive. Later generations regarded it as a pottery god.
It took a lot of effort to make pottery in Ningshou.
Clay is burned out of pottery with a fixed torch, and it will be natural after a long time.
It takes a lot to burn and invent pottery by hand.
Ning can't burn anything at first.
Later generations describe a person as an abrasive, which is where it comes from.
Burning pottery is not as good as burning philosophy.
The doctrines and arguments of Taoism in later generations all originated from Gu Guning's thoughts.
Philosophy often says nothing. It's better to squat down and burn a fire. It's better to jump into the fire suddenly until colorful flames appear in it. It's better to rise to a height with colorful flames until an "artifact" is burned in a pottery kiln in Ning.
Culture is very meaningful. "Ning" means "twist", everything is twisted. After many centuries, the meaning of "twisted tire" in Dangyang Yu is still the tire of twisted pottery and porcelain, which is still inseparable from the Ning cultural origin of Ning Fengzi.
Since ancient times, Jiaozuo people have achieved great things, always relying on the power of Jiaozuo people's nature.
(Outdoor Information Network)
Great names in history
Merchant (507 BC? Xia Zi, a native of Jin Guowen (now Wenxian) at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, was one of the seventy-two sages under Confucius. He was the founder of the theory that "life and death are determined by fate, and wealth is in the sky", and put forward the view that "if you are excellent, you will learn to be an official; if you are excellent, you will learn to be an official".
As a masterpiece of Confucius, his Preface to Poetry is regarded as an immortal work by later generations.
Dan Tao (205-283) was born in Juyuan, Hanoi (now Xiaohong Village, Wuzhi West), a minister and scholar in the Western Jin Dynasty, and one of the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest".
He used to be an official, and his Mountain Bulletin, which recommended talents, was praised by later generations.
There is a collection of works that has been lost, and there is a collection today.
Xiang Xiu (about 227-272) was born in Huai (now Xishang Village, Wuzhi), a philosopher and writer in Wei and Jin Dynasties. He is good at poetry and fu, and is one of the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest".
He commented on Zhuangzi.
"Homesickness Fu" is quite famous, and there are many essays.
Wang Bi (226-249), a native of Wei (Jiaozuo), was one of the "Zhengshi celebrities" and was proficient in Laozi and Yijing.
Put forward a metaphysical system based on "valuelessness"
I ching and Lao zi are very popular now.
The Sima family, a famous military strategist and politician, started from Sima Yi (a native of wen county, Henan Province), with three generations of grandparents and grandchildren. It was a famous military strategist and politician in the Three Kingdoms period in China.
Sima Yi was born in the gentry.
At the beginning, it was Cao Cao's master book, with many strategies and good adaptability.
Later, the son of the prince gained the trust of Cao Pi.
When Wei Mingdi was a general, he led the army against Zhuge Liang many times, and he was a general of Wei.
Cao Yun acceded to the throne, with Cao Shuang as the royal family, and later supported by a letter. In the first year of Jiaping, they killed Cao Shuang and devoted themselves to national politics.
After his death, his son Zhao came to power one after another.
After chasing Xuan Di.
The eldest son of Sima Shiyi.
The stepfather is general Wei, who specializes in state affairs.
In the first year of Jiaping, Cao Yun, the Wei Emperor, was abolished and Cao Taizu was established.
The following year, he died, and Ma Zhao, the Northern Division, became a general.
After chasing the dizzy emperor.
Sima Yi's second son followed his brother Sima Shi as a general of Wei, specializing in national politics and seeking to replace Wei in the future. Cao Pi, the Wei Emperor, once said, "Everyone knows the heart of Si Mazhao.
"Sweet dew for five years, kill cao MAO, cao huan emperor.
Jingyuan four years, he sent his troops out, claiming to be the Duke of Jin, and later the King of Jin.
A few months after his death, his son Yan Dai Wei proclaimed himself emperor and posthumously sealed Zhao Wei as Emperor Wen.
Sima Yan, namely Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, the founder of Jin Dynasty and the son of Si Mazhao.
In the second year of Xian Di, Zhao became Prime Minister and King of Jin, and soon he became Emperor Wei.
Xianning destroyed Wu in six years and unified the whole country.
When he was in office, it was stipulated that the land should be occupied according to the rank, and the tenants, food and clothing customers of relatives and friends were allowed to take refuge according to the rank without paying taxes, thus strengthening the gate system.
It also sealed the imperial clan and buried the bane of later royal infighting.
Live a dissolute life
Shortly after his death, the whole country fell into a situation of division and melee again.
Guo (about 1020- 1 100), a native of Xiguozuo Village, Yuecun Township, Wenxian County, was a painter and painting theorist in the Northern Song Dynasty.
There are less than 20 of his works at home and abroad, such as Early Spring (existing in Taiwan Province Province), Autumn in the Mountains (now in freire Art Museum) and Stone is Flat (existing in the Palace Museum).
Lin's painting theory is a masterpiece.
He Tang (1474 ~ 1543) was born in Toupuying Village (now He Ying Village) in Wuzhi County.
A scholar in the Ming Dynasty was known as Mr. Bai Zhai.
He is the author of 12 volumes, such as Yin and Yang Law, Lu, Bai Zhai Anthology, etc.
Cao Jin (1876- 1849), Qinghe (now Qinyang).
Han Yu, a writer and philosopher in Tang Dynasty, was born in Heyang (mengzhou city).
Its first county is Changli, and the world is called Han Changli.
I was lonely in my early years, raised by my sister-in-law, and studied hard.
Zhenyuan Jinshi, for the censor, down Yangshan order.
After the pardon, he served as Dr. Guo Zi and assistant minister of punishments.
He was demoted to Chaozhou secretariat for discouraging Xian Zong from welcoming Buddha bones.
After the official to the official department assistant minister.
The death of the deceased was named Han Wengong.
Politically, he opposed the separatist regime of the buffer region, and ideologically respected Confucianism and excluded Buddhism.
Together with Liu Zongyuan, he is an advocate of the ancient prose movement.
On the basis of inheriting the predecessors and the ancient prose of the Western Han Dynasty, his prose is innovative and developed, and it is vigorous and vigorous, ranking first among the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties.
The original Tao and the original nature emphasize the Taoist tradition that comes down in one continuous line from Yao and Shun to Confucius and Mencius, and maintain the traditional Confucian thought. He also believes that human nature can be divided into three categories: upper, middle and lower.
However, in Teacher's Commentary, it is acknowledged that "people are not born to know" and it is proposed that "disciples need not be inferior to teachers, and teachers need not be superior to disciples".
His poems, such as The Collection of Mr. Changli, strive to be novel, sometimes just strange and dangerous, and have a great influence on Song poetry.
Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was born in Hanoi, Huaizhou.
Kaicheng Jinshi, a former county commandant, secretary lang and Dongchuan our envoy.
His poems exposed and criticized the separatist regime of the buffer region, the rampant eunuchs and the corruption of the upper ruling group at that time, such as "Hundred Rhymes in the Western Suburb", "Two Feelings" and "Heavy Feelings". Most of his poems about "praising history" are mainly about praising history and refusing politics, among which Jia Sheng, Sui Palace and Fu Hou are the most prominent.
Untitled poetry should also be endowed with something, and its practical significance has been interpreted by different scholars.
He is proficient in statutes, unique, rich in literary talent, rigorous in conception, graceful in emotion and unique in style.
But there are too many allusions and their meanings are obscure.
He has also written four or six articles, and Li Yishan's poems have been handed down from generation to generation; The anthology has been lost, and later generations compiled Fan Nan Wen Ji and Fan Nan Wen Ji Bu.
Zhu Zaiyu, "Prince in Cloth" (1536-1611), was an outstanding musician, mathematician and astronomer in Ming Dynasty.
Born in the city palace of Hanoi County (now Qinyang City, Henan Province), he was the prince of Zheng Fan in the Ming Dynasty and the ninth grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang, the ancestor of the Ming Dynasty.
Xu Heng, an outstanding politician, educator, astronomer and thinker in Yuan Dynasty, was born in Li Feng, Hanoi (now Li fengcun, Jiaozuo City, Henan Province). He is a scholar in Jixian County, and he proposes a toast to imperial academy.
He was a famous minister and scholar in the early Yuan Dynasty.