I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, each with a youthful interval.
Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, bewitched by butterflies (2), and cuckoo crowing (3).
Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathed their jade to the sun.
A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I realize it. [1][ Edit this paragraph] Notes Translation Notes
(1) The first two sentences: "Zhou Li Musical Instrument Map": "Twenty-three strings of elegant instruments, twenty-five strings of elegant instruments, those decorated with precious stones are called precious instruments, and those painted like brocade are called golden instruments." Hanshu? 6? 1 Sacrifice to Shang Zhi in the suburbs: "The Emperor of Qin ordered Motome to drum a 50-stringed piano, but the emperor couldn't stop it. His piano was broken for 25 strings. Gusser has different numbers of major and minor chords. Yishan's poem "Peony is defeated in the moderate rain" has "Jinse Jingxian broken dream"; There is a poem "Fifty strings of rain hit Xiangling" in the poem "Dream after listening to the rain with two scholars Wang Zheng on the night of July 28". For no reason: for no reason, for no reason. This faint sadness is the emotional tone of the whole poem. Most of the poets who interpreted Yishan in past dynasties took this poem as their later works. Shang Yin died before he was fifty years old, so he used "fifty strings" to describe his life, which triggered the following idea of "one string and one column".
(2) A sentence from Zhuang Sheng: "Zhuangzi's Theory of Everything": "Zhuang Zhoumeng is a butterfly, lifelike; Self-metaphor and ambition! I don't know, Zhou Ye. If you suddenly feel it, you will suddenly feel it. I wonder if Zhou Zhimeng is a butterfly and? Butterfly's dream is Zhou Yu. " Shang Yin quoted the story of Zhuang Zhou's dream butterfly to illustrate that life is like a dream and the past is like smoke.
A beautiful woman's golden harp and a complicated string awakened the poet's dream and stopped sleeping. There is a beautiful situation in it, but it is an empty dream. There is also the melancholy and confusion of life like a dream.
(3) Wang Di sentence: "Huayang Kingdom and Shu Zhi": "Du Yu proclaimed himself emperor, posthumous title. ..... Its mutual understanding, decided that Lei Yushan in order to eliminate the flood, the emperor then instructed political affairs, and the law of Yao and Shun Zen taught benevolence and righteousness, so Zen was in enlightenment. The emperor rose to the western hills. In February this year, cuckoo birds sang, and Shu people mourned cuckoo birds. " Zi Juan is a cuckoo, also called Zi Gui. Cai Mengbi's On Du Gongbu Caotang Poetry 19 Du Fu's poems quoted Chengdu Ji: "When the emperor died, the soul turned into a bird, which is called Du Fu, which is also called Zigui."
(4) Sea sentence: "Natural History": "There is Jiao Ren outside the South China Sea, and the water is like a fish. Don't waste your work, tears and eyes. " "New Tang Book Di Zhuan": "Ren Jie cited the Ming Classics, transferred Bianzhou to join the army, falsely accused officials, made Yan news and made it different. He said: "Zhong Ni said that he knows benevolence, and you can be described as a drop in the ocean." "
5. Lantian sentence: Yuanhe County Records: "Lantian County, Jingzhaofu, Guannei Road: Lantian Mountain, Yishan Mountain, 28 miles east of the county." "Selected Works" Lu Ji "Wen Fu": "Shi Yuyu is full of mountains and water is full of beads." "Sleeping in Moon Hee" Volume 18: Sikong expresses the holy cloud: "Dai Rongfu refers to the poet's scenery, such as the warmth of Lantian, which can only be expected, but it is imminent. This sentence of Li Yishan Yusheng Smoke is covered here. "
[6] The last sentence: Set the length of the whole article, clearly put forward the word "this feeling", which echoes the beginning of "China Year". The poem reads: "If you are so affectionate, don't wait until today's memories to begin to feel endless regret, that is, it was already melancholy and melancholy at that time. So today's memory is regret, what should you do? " The poet used these two poems to express several layers of twists and turns, and several layers of twists and turns were just to illustrate that kind of melancholy and painful mood.
Translate poetry
Jinse, why do you have fifty strings?
Every string and paragraph reminds people of the year of Huang Jinhua.
My heart is like Zhuangzi, confused by butterfly dreams;
It is also like watching the emperor turn the cuckoo into a cuckoo, with longing and sorrow for love.
Hai Ming Yue Ming, Jiao Ren's tears are pearls.
Lantian is sunny and warm, and you can see good jade and good smoke.
The feeling of joys and sorrows should not be remembered today.
It's just that I was careless at that time and I was already disconsolate. [Edit this paragraph] Appreciation of the Works This "Jinse" is Li Shangyin's masterpiece, and everyone who loves poetry is happy and the most famous; However, this is the most difficult poem to explain. Since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, there have been many speculations.
The poem Jinse uses the first two words of the first sentence. In the old theory, this poem was originally thought to be a poem about objects, but recently it seems that all commentators claim that this poem has nothing to do with the use of musical instruments, but it is actually an "untitled" work that uses musical instruments to hide topics. Scholar Zhou believes that it is really different from the general chanting of things, but it is not just an untitled poem that simply "intercepts the first two words" and begins with a metaphor, which has nothing to do with the literal. What it writes is obviously related to Joseph.
There are many misunderstandings in couplets. According to this, the poet is "fifty years old" or "nearly fifty years old", so he is so happy. Actually, it is not. "For no reason" means "for no reason" and "for no reason". The poet's idiotic words are also. There are so many strings in Jinse, neither "wrong" nor "wrong"; The poet stubbornly complained: Jinse, why do you have so many strings? In fact, there is no need for "textual research" on how many strings are in the original work and how many strings are actually in Li Shangyin's era. The poet only uses words to see the meaning. According to records, there are 50 strings in ancient musical instruments, so the number of "50" is often used in writing musical instruments, such as "Fifty strings of Xiangling are beaten by rain" and "Because of 50 strings, the middle of the road is divided into palaces", which can prove that there is no special intention in the poet's original work.
The key to "each has its own flower-like troubles and a period of youth" lies in the word "New Year". A string, a column or a sound. There are 50 strings in a stringed instrument, and the syllables are the most abundant, and its numerous sounds promote the festival, which often makes the listener difficult to conceive. Poets never want to let people die and dig for "numbers". He said: Listen to the complicated strings of Jinse and think about China's past; The sound is complicated and confusing, so it's hard to say. The 50-string aims to "create an atmosphere" to see the weight of the past and the feelings of the nine songs. To appreciate Yuxi's poems, we must first understand the main idea, but we should not stick to the drum and column instruments. He Zhu, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said, "Who is the degree of golden flowers?" ("Jade Case") Yuan Hao, a poet in the Yuan Dynasty, asked: "The beauty Jin Se complains about the New Year!"
(On Thirty Poems) Chinese New Year is a wonderful youth. The most important "main eye" of Yuxi's poem lies in the wonderful New Year, so it is just pedantic to use "50-year trip" to recall "49 years".
The intention of the alliance is clear. Let's see how he undertakes it.
The last sentence of "Zhuan Xu" uses an allegorical allusion from "Zhuangzi", saying that Zhuang Zhou dreamed that he was a butterfly and flew vividly, forgetting that he was "Zhuang Zhou"; Later, when I woke up, it was still Zhuang Zhou at home, and I didn't know where the butterfly had gone. Yuxi wrote such a sentence: A beautiful woman, a beautiful musical instrument and a complicated string awakened the poet's dream and stopped sleeping. Lost, gone, does not mean. Let's take a look at what he said in "Autumn Night Thoughts": "Cold village pillow butterflies go", go and leave, go and die, which is his so-called fans. Although Meng Xiao butterfly was born in Zhuangsheng, once it was used in Yuxi, it was not only a "lifelike" problem, but also an illusory dream. The king of the next sentence in this couplet is the legendary monarch of Shu in the late Zhou Dynasty, named Du Yu. Later, the Zen position retired, and unfortunately the country died. After death, the soul turned into a bird. As for the bleeding in the mouth, its voice is sad and touching, named Du Fu. Du Yu's spring, what does this have to do with Jinse? It turned out that the complicated strings and plaintive songs of the golden harp aroused the poet's infinite sadness. His unspeakable grievances, such as Du Fu's plaintive voice, sent him home in the spring. The word "Tuo" not only wrote Du Yuzhi's entrustment to Du Fu, but also wrote the entrustment of beauty to brocade, the waving of hands, the interest of flowers falling into the water, and the poet's wonderful pen, which reached a climax.
It seems that Yuxi's "Love for Du Fu" expresses hatred for birds, and the word "resentment" put forward in "Beauty Jinse complains about the New Year" is just right. Yuxi's poem eulogizes the golden harp, which is extraordinary and carefree, and has a strange feeling that I hate.
After the couplet, the poem has been "started" and "closed", and it is time to "turn" the pen. When the pen comes here, the previous situation has reached a very small level, which seems to be a knot, meaning to be applied. Here, touching the pen and ink, it seems to be "getting up" again. His brushwork is like a towering peak, or like a broken wire, or pushing a pen down, or slow and tight. The technique can be different, but there is a turning point and constant attention in the context of God. At this time, Yuxi wrote the famous sentence "Mermaids shed pearl-like tears down a moon-green sea".
Beads are born in mussels, and mussels are born in the sea. Whenever the moon is bright and quiet, mussels will open their mouths to the moon to raise their pearls, and pearls will get moonlight and aurora will shine. This is a beautiful folk tradition. The moon is a pearl in the sky, like a bright moon in water; Tears, like beads, are natural since ancient times. Jiao Ren's tears turned into pearls, which is also a strange sight in the sea. In this way, the bright moon falls between the seas, and pearls are bathed in tears. The moon, pearls and tears are three votes in favor and one vote against. Divided into three? Three is one? In the poet's pen, an indistinguishable fairyland has been formed. There are so many rich connotations and wonderful associations in Tang poetry, but there are not many lives in Yuxi.
So, is there any connection between the sea moon, tears and Jinse? Qian Qi's famous "Qin Fu" doesn't say that "25 strings play jathyapple, and you can't clear your grievances and fly away"? Therefore, the moonlit night is appropriate, and the grievances are particularly deep. In this way, the relationship between the territory of Haiyue and Sese can't be spied?
For the poet Yuxi, the realm of the sea and the moon has a particularly deep feeling. Once, due to illness, he couldn't bow to Hedong Gong's "Happy Camp to buy wine", so he wrote the sentence "Only take the bright moon in the sea and press the red city". From this perspective, on the one hand, he appreciates this situation, on the other hand, he is very sad and lonely: a complex and unspeakable disappointment.
Si Kongtu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, quoted a passage from Dai Shulun who was earlier than him: "The beauty of a poet, such as the warmth of Lantian and the essence of jade, cannot be placed in front of us." The eight words used for metaphor here are exactly the same as the seven words in the next sentence of this poem, which shows that this metaphor has another source. Unfortunately, the ancient books were lost later, and it was difficult to find the source again. The explanation of this sentence has no reference today, and it is hard to say whether it is appropriate or not. Lu Ji, a writer in the Jin Dynasty, has a famous sentence in his "Wen Fu": "Stone is like jade, mountains are only light, and water is like pearls." Lantian Mountain is a famous jade-producing place in the southeast of Lantian, Shaanxi Province. This mountain is sunny and contains jade gas (the ancients thought that treasures have phosgene invisible to ordinary eyes), and Ran Ran rises. However, although the essence of Meiyu is far away, it is not close, so it is out of reach, representing an extremely beautiful ideal scenery, but it is impossible to grasp and approach. Here in Yuxi, inspired and associated by "the Jade Mountain is bright, the pearl is bright, and Sichuan is charming", the warmth of Lantian is used to make a confrontation with the previous sentence, which has a sharp contrast. Literally speaking, Lantian is also very neat to the sea, because the original meaning of Cang is cyan. Yu Xi's exquisite rhetoric can also show his talent and skills.
The two sentences of the neck couplet show that yin and yang are warm and cold, and jade is beautiful. Although the realm is different, regret is one. The poet loves and insists on this noble feeling, but he dare not profane and lament.
The tail couplet is a masterpiece of the whole article, and clearly puts forward the word "this feeling", which echoes the beginning of "China Year" at a distance, and the pen gesture is never shy. The poem says: If you feel this way, you will feel endless regret at the beginning of today's memory, that is, it was already disturbing at that time-that sentence means "Do you want to remember", which means: If you look back at today, it is a pity, so what! The poet expressed several layers of twists and turns in two sentences, and several layers of twists and turns were just to illustrate that kind of distressed mood. This is the reason why poetry is a poet, and this is the reason why Yuxi poetry is a Yuxi poet.
Yuxi's life experience, unspeakable pain, bitter feelings, stagnation in the chest, hair like poetry, deep wounds to be stung, reciprocating deep, deeply infected people. One of his farewell poems said: "I believe in many feelings, and Yang Zhu died with feelings;" Women are in danger, and women want to be husbands! "It is conceivable that guzheng is a song, which often depends on the deep affection of life and death. According to this, if there is hatred in Jinse's poems about where you will go, I'm afraid it can't be said to be arbitrary. [2][ Edit this paragraph] There have always been different comments on various interpretations of this poem. Or think it is a mourning work, or a patriotic work, or a literary theory, or a tribute to Shi Er. But I think this is the greatest mourning for the dead. Some people think that the first 50% off harpsichord is 25, suggesting that the deceased woman is 25 years old. This is a bit far-fetched However, it is true that the first couplet mourns the early death. Taking Zhuangzi's dead wife as a drum basin, Zhuan Xu wept blood, indirectly describing the joys and sorrows of life. The allusion of the necklace couplet with shark tears and jade smoke vaguely depicts the coldness of the world, which is beyond our reach. Finally, I wrote about my casual love before my death, and recalled my melancholy and unforgettable feelings after my death.
Liu Ban's "On Kung Fu Poetry" in the Song Dynasty says: "The poem" Jinse "is unknown to people, or it is called the Qingyi family of Linghu Chu." The first volume of Tiaoxi Fishing in Conghua quoted Su Yuan Miscellaneous Notes as saying, "Poems of a Golden Serpent on a Mountain ... The Taoist priest in the valley didn't understand its meaning and asked Dongpo. Dongpo cloud:' This is the joy of ancient and modern times', and cloud: the golden harp is an instrument with fifty strings. Its voice is also appropriate, resentful, clear and harmonious. " Shi Li' ZhuangSheng ...' case is appropriate; Looking at the emperor ..., complaining; "The sea ..." Qing also; Lantian ... and. In an article, the song is the ultimate. History calls it the magnificent wheat pond valley, but it's true. Yuan Hao asked the poem "On Poetry": "Wang Chun's heart cries cuckoo, and the beauty Jin Se complains about the flower years. Poets always love Quincy, but hate that no one writes about Jian Zheng "; The above ode to "Tsing Yi" (eroticism) is a novelist's speech; Song people quite agree with the theory of singing the golden harp. Hu Yinglin of Amin Dynasty was suspicious of both of them. Later, there were various speakers, including Self-mutilation Life (He Qingchuo, Wang Shihan, Xue Xue, Song Xiangfeng) and Mourning (Zhu Qing He Ling, Zhu Yizun, He Chao, Feng Hao, Mengxing Cheng, Yao Peiqian, Zhang Caitian, Meng Sen, etc. ) and "political sustenance" (Zhao, Zhang Caitian, Cen, etc. Among them, there are many people who hold "mourning" or "self-injury". But "mourning" is actually one of the connotations of "self-injury", so the theory of "self-injury" seems to be more flexible. I quoted Liu and Yu's Jie Ji as a reference: "The theory of self-injury is more practical and reasonable. ..... The first pair of couplets refers to seeing these fifty strings and their sad sounds, and can't help but recall the past of the New Year. ..... The couplets of chin and abdomen mean "thinking about the New Year" and write the memories of the New Year. This realm symbolizes the poet's dreamlike and lost life. ..... The sentence "Looking at the Emperor" is written in a mournful way, meaning "Chun Qing" and "support". Spring heart' originally refers to the yearning for love, and is often used as a metaphor for the pursuit of ideals. ..... The phrase "Looking at the Emperor" almost refers to a sad life experience caused by a person's ambition and concern for the country when he was injured, such as a sad poem that looks at the Emperor to express his grief. Du Fu is the soul of a poet. ..... The sentence "sea" was written in a clear and sad voice ... which means the pearl of the sea. ..... The sentence "Lantian" seems to write the ethereal and hazy voice of the harp ... or describe the suitors you yearn for, there are, but there are not near. ..... What's more, Zhu An and Fu Lian didn't specifically describe their past events of the New Year, but used psychedelic, sad, ethereal and ethereal voices to describe their various life experiences, life realms and life feelings during the New Year. ..... The meaning of the last couplet is very clear ... It means that the above frustration and sadness cannot be regretted today, even then. "
The interpretation of this poem mainly falls into two categories:
First, I think it's a poem mourning his wife Wang, and the first couplet is "respect". I watched Motome play 50 stringed instruments and felt moved by the scene. The second couplet is "metaphor", which means that Zhuang Zhou killed his wife into a butterfly and Du Fu wept blood; The triple is "illusion", for which Pearl shed tears and Baoyu was sad; The end is connected with "feeling", love is gone, and memory is disconsolate!
Second, it is thought that this is the poet's recollection of the lost years. The first couplet is "Qi", which means fifty years of life and fifty strings of musical instruments; The second couplet is more than "bearing", and life will come to an end unconsciously; The triple is "turning", using pearls and Baoyu as a metaphor for talent; In the end, the combination is "combination", the years make people old, and everything is disconsolate!