Sixian, known as Hongxian and Sizhou in ancient times, is located in the northeast of Anhui Province, bordering Sihong County in Jiangsu Province in the east, Lingbi County in the west, Wuhe County and Guzhen County in the south, and Suining County and Suqian City in Jiangsu Province in the north to the northeast. Southeast to Huaihe River, crossing Xuyi county boundary, northwest to Wei Qiao, crossing Suining and Lingbi county boundary, oblique length125 km; Southwest to Majiji, crossing the boundary of Wuhe County, northeast to Guirenji, crossing the boundary of Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, with an oblique length of 85 kilometers. Total area 1857 km2.
Sixian county has a long history and was established as early as Xia Dynasty. It is one of the important birthplaces of Sizhou Opera, a national intangible cultural heritage. There are natural and beautiful "Eight Scenes of Hongxiang", the site of Bawangcheng, the site of Tongji Canal in Sui and Tang Dynasties, and other historical sites.