It's raining and snowing at my alma mater, and it disappears when I see it; However, Qiu Li has its own customs in spring, summer and winter: Chun Lv; Summer grass is rich; Autumn is a little bit; Plain clothes is wrapped in winter clothes. The beauty of its scenery is beyond words. In the past, classmates laughed and denounced, and they all became articles, each with a romantic literary style, which was hand-picked by Yu Suoqin; In the past, I was a strict teacher, knowledgeable, conscientious, and forgot to eat or sleep.
The past is like smoke, and the cloud: gathering and scattering are uncertain. The beautiful scenery and feelings on campus haunted me three times, and I dare not forget them.
Translation:
I used to study with my bookcase behind my back and studied here for five years. Although I am good at learning, have a good literary talent, and have a wider range of knowledge, I still have no real mastery. Therefore, I have both ability and political integrity, and I have long been qualified to graduate, so I still dare not say such important things as starting my fingers and waiting for graduation. Besides, I don't want to leave here.
My alma mater is uncomfortable in winter, and it rains and snows. Well, it means "rain and snow float all over the sky, and the water disappears at sunrise". But here, spring, summer, autumn and winter are very attractive. Spring, look at the fresh green! Summer, look at the lush grass! Autumn, look at the heavy fruit! In winter, look at the silverware in the sky! The beauty here is beyond description! My former friend, just like Mr. Dongpo, is a gifted scholar and a beautiful woman, with a good word! I admire it very much; Although my former teachers were strict, they were all hidebound, conscientious in teaching and forgot to eat or sleep.
But alas, these are all floating clouds, so these past events gather and disperse like smoke clouds. Ah! Beautiful campus! I won't forget your affection! I can't get these out of my mind, and I dare not forget them!
Classical Chinese:
Classical Chinese is a processed written language based on ancient Chinese.
The earliest written language based on spoken language may have been processed. Classical Chinese is an article composed of written language in ancient China, mainly including written language based on spoken language in pre-Qin period.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, no articles were invented to record characters, but bamboo slips, silk books and other things were used to record characters, while silk books were expensive, bamboo slips were huge and the number of words recorded was limited. In order to record more things on a roll of bamboo slips, unimportant words were deleted.
Later, when "paper" was used on a large scale, the habit of using "official documents" among the ruling classes had been finalized, and the ability to use "classical Chinese" had evolved into a symbol of reading and literacy.
Classical Chinese comes from vernacular Chinese, characterized by writing based on words, paying attention to the use of allusions, parallel prose, neat rhythm and no punctuation, including strategies, poems, words, songs, stereotyped writing, parallel prose and ancient prose. The classical Chinese in modern books are generally marked with punctuation marks in order to facilitate reading and understanding.
2. What are the classical Chinese texts about learning? To learn classical Chinese well, we should do more topics or read more books on classical Chinese, and translate more titles and stories in classical Chinese to improve the level of classical Chinese. Classical Chinese teaching is an important part of Chinese teaching, and classical Chinese test questions are the highlight of college entrance examination. Students often ask, how to learn classical Chinese well so as not to lose points in the college entrance examination? I think if we can pay attention to the following points, we can learn classical Chinese well and improve the hit rate of the college entrance examination.
First of all, we must have relevant historical knowledge. As the saying goes, literature and history are not separated. Everyone lives in an era, and the politics, economy and culture of this era will certainly have an impact on him. Therefore, only by understanding the era of this person's life can we understand the connotation of his works. For example, Qu Yuan advocated reform and hoped that Chu would be strong, but the king of Chu was "confused by Zheng Xiu at home and bullied by Zhang Yi abroad", alienated Qu Yuan first, and then exiled him to the Miluo River, which made his reform ambition impossible and buried him in the river. Knowing this history, it is much easier for us to understand Li Sao.
Second, have relevant cultural common sense. China's ancient culture is profound and rich in connotation, and many contents are constantly evolving with the development of history. Such as name and title, official position and imperial examination, geographical knowledge, patriarchal manners and customs, clothing and utensils, calendar criminal law, ancient book annotation style, etc., are greatly different from ancient times to modern times. Although students don't need to master all these contents, they should also accumulate what they encounter in their studies as their own knowledge reserves, so that they can call them at any time in classical Chinese learning and exams.
Third, learn to "solve the belly of the ancients with the heart of the present." We live in today's society, and in the face of disasters, we will unite as one. In the face of ugliness, they will attack and lash; We will work together to resist external humiliation. In fact, this kind of thoughts and feelings are in the same strain. In the face of external humiliation, Wen Tianxiang wrote: "Since ancient times, no one has died, keeping the heart of Dan to shine in the history of history." Facing the sufferings of the people, Du Fu wrote: "The wine in Zhumen stinks and the bones on the road freeze to death." Therefore, when we study ancient Chinese, we should be good at comparing and associating the feelings of the ancients with those of today, so as to try to figure out the thoughts of the ancients and accurately understand the essence reflected by classical Chinese.
Fourth, grasp the teaching materials and lay a solid foundation for classical Chinese. When learning classical Chinese, we must master the knowledge points that appear in textbooks: ① Phonetic sounds, including polyphonic characters and different reading characters. ② Meaning, including ancient and modern different meanings, polysemy and flexible use of parts of speech. ③ Sentence patterns in classical Chinese, including special sentence patterns and complex sentences in classical Chinese.
Fifth, to learn a classical Chinese, we should do the following: first, grasp the article as a whole and understand its main contents; Secondly, put the understanding of paragraphs into the overall grasp of the text; Third, in the specific language environment, we can further understand the words in the context; Finally, on the basis of the first three conditions, further understand the deep meaning of the article. In short, if you can do the above in your usual study, you will lay a solid foundation for the college entrance examination.
How to express this question in classical Chinese is really difficult to learn!
"Learning" means "learning" in classical Chinese!
For example, "learn from time to time"
For example, "Sun Quan advised reading"
For example, "Tan Qing Learn the Qin"
Wait,
"I don't know what the word' learning' is!
You can refer to Baidu Encyclopedia: the word "learning".
detailed description
move
1, audio and video. Being a trap is like building a house with two hands. After the sound symbol, add "Zi" as the semantic symbol. Son, child. Children are the main body of learning.
2. study.
Learn and know. -"Guangya"
Learning is close to understanding. -The Book of Rites The Doctrine of the Mean
Reading begins with learning. -"Book of Rites, Prince Wang Wen"
Learning is also effective. The closer you get, the smarter you learn. -"Biography of Shangshu"
Scholars can't learn. -"Zhuangzi Gengsancho"
Look far and ask the teacher to learn. -Biography of Women in the Later Han Dynasty
Study from time to time. -The Analects of Confucius
After studying, there are questions. -Qing Liu Kay "Ask and Say"
2. Imitation. I smiled and walked over to Xifeng to talk. -A Dream of Red Mansions. Another example: learn to speak (learn to speak); Adjust your tongue; Imitate the way his father walks; I can't learn.
3. talk about it.
I can't learn real brother and tide club. -"Biography of Marriage to Wake the World"
Look at that Wanshan beach. Fishermen can learn as much as they can. -Tang Lu Guimeng's Fishing Gear
Another example: learn to talk (gossip; Gossip).
4. give lectures.
Learn and teach. -"Guangya"
Shu Zhongpi is a student of Liu. -Book of Rites
All scholars and bachelors. -"Book of Rites, Prince Wang Wen"
Sad for the king, the youngest brother of the emperor grew up with the prince. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword"
name
1, school. It is also called Xue Lu, Xuejiao, Guan Xue, Tang Xue, Gong Xue, College, Wu Xue and Xueyuan.
Learning, official also. -"Guangya Poetry"
A gentleman learns what he knows. -The Analects of Confucius
Learning is one of the three generations. -"Mencius"
It is universally acknowledged. -"Summer"
The primary school is on the left of Gonggong South, and the university is in the suburbs. -"The Book of Rites Wang Zhi"
Mr Guo Zi entered Imperial College London in the morning. -Han Yu's "Learning Solution"
2. study. Tian Zi accumulated knowledge. -Biography of Women in the Later Han Dynasty
Have you learned? -Qing Liu Kay "Ask and Say"
Impression is learning. -Qing Zhou Rong's Biography of the Taro Old Man
Lifelong learning. -Zhang Qing Yu Ting "Ming History"
Is it difficult for people to learn? -Peng Qing end book "Show sons and nephews for learning"
3. discipline; Some systematic knowledge.
Today's study of Qi Qing's Ci. -"Drama Talk Record, Xuanzong Night Call Hanlin Bachelor"
Another example is literature; Philosophy; Geography; Chemistry; Ask to learn from the teacher. [ 1]?
4. What are the classical Chinese sentences about learning? 1, "Life is diligent, you want nothing more."
From: Zhang Heng, Yingxian County, Eastern Han Dynasty
Interpretation: People should work hard all their lives. If they don't actively explore and learn, how can they gain anything or achieve anything?
2. "Indulgence and diligence are wasted in fun, and actions are destroyed in thinking."
From: Tang Hanyu's Persuasion and Interpretation
Interpretation: Only by working hard can you succeed in your studies. You should think more and don't do anything casually.
3. "Don't learn to know yourself, don't ask yourself, act ancient and modern, and have nothing."
Said by: What Wang Chong said when criticizing Monk's "conscience" and "virtue".
Interpretation: if you don't learn, you will understand, and if you don't ask, you will understand. There is no such thing in ancient and modern times.
4. "If you don't learn, you won't learn."
From: The Book of Commandments Zhuge Liang of the Three Kingdoms
Interpretation: If you don't study hard, you can't increase your intelligence, you can't aspire to it, and you can't achieve your studies.
5, "sensitive and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask questions."
Said by: Confucius in The Analects of Confucius and Gongye Chang in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Interpretation: smart and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask people with lower status and less knowledge than themselves.
Min: smart; Good: preference.
6. "Perseverance can open the stone."
From: "Persuasion" Warring States Xun Kuang
Interpretation: It means that even metal and jade can carve flowers as long as you insist on carving with a knife. As long as you make unremitting efforts, no matter how difficult it is, you can do it.
7. "Life is limited, and knowledge (wisdom) is limited."
Said by: Zhuangzi. Master of health "
Interpretation: Life is limited, but knowledge is infinite (without boundaries). Pursuing infinite knowledge with limited life is doomed to failure.
"8." A rope saws wood, but a drop of water wears through. "
From: "He Lin Yu Lu" Luo Song Da Jing
Explanation: rope sawing wood can also be used as a saw to saw wood. Metaphor is weak, as long as you stick to it, things will succeed.
9. "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous."
From: Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period in The Analects of Confucius for Politics.
Interpretation: just learning without thinking will make you confused and get nothing. Thinking without learning will make you mentally exhausted and get nothing.
10, "Never tire of learning, never tire of teaching."
From: Confucius in the Analects of Confucius during the Spring and Autumn Period.
Interpretation: I am never satisfied with my own learning, and I am always happy with the teaching of others.
1 1, "You don't know much until you learn."
From: Book of Rites Learning Notes
Interpretation: Only by studying first can we know our lack of knowledge.
12, "Learning is endless."
Said by: Ask and Tell Qing Liu Kay.
Interpretation: endless learning means endless learning and inspiring people to forge ahead.
5. What are the famous classical Chinese sentences about learning? 1. Learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous. -"The Analects of Confucius is Politics"
Explanation: Learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous.
2. Never tire of learning and never tire of teaching. -The Analects of Confucius.
Note: study hard if you are not satisfied, and teach students never to be tired.
3, an armchair strategist feels shallow, I don't know if it should be done. -"Reading on a Winter Night" Song Dynasty: Lu You
Explanation: The knowledge gained from books is not perfect after all. If you want to understand the truth deeply, you must practice it yourself.
4, black hair does not know how to study hard early, Bai Shoufang regrets studying late. -"Encouraging Learning" Tang Dynasty: Yan Zhenqing
Description: When I was a teenager, I only knew how to play, but I didn't know how to study hard. When I was old, I regretted why I didn't know how to study hard when I was young.
5, young people are eager to learn, and an inch of time is not light. -"Persuasion Poetry/Accidental Success" Song Dynasty: Zhu
Commentary: The days of youth are easy to pass, but learning is difficult to succeed, so cherish every inch of time and don't let it go easily.
6, reading does not know the depth of spring, an inch of time and an inch of gold. -"Two Poems of Bailudong" Part I Tang Dynasty: Wang Zhenbai
Commentary: concentrate on reading, before you know it, spring has passed, and every inch of time is like gold.
6. What are the ancient texts about learning? Han Yu exhorted the gentleman: Don't learn.
Green is taken from blue, and green is blue; Ice and water are cooler than water. The wood is straight in the rope, thinking it is a wheel, and its curve is in the gauge; Although there is a crisis, those who stop coming forward will make it happen.
Therefore, the wood is straight by the rope, the gold is sharp, the gentleman is knowledgeable, and he saves himself every day, so he knows clearly without fault. Think all day long, it is better to learn it in a moment; I've tasted it and I'm looking forward to it. Let's go hiking.
Climb a trick, the arm does not lengthen, but the person you see is far away; Call with the wind, the sound does not add disease, but the listener is obvious. Those who cheat horses are not good enough, but cause thousands of miles; A man who pretends to be a boat can't swim, but he can't swim.
The life of a gentleman is the same, and the goodness lies in personal leave. Accumulated soil becomes mountains, and the wind and rain are prosperous; The water drops merged into the ocean and the dragon was born; Accumulate goodness into virtue, the gods are complacent, and the sacred heart is prepared.
Therefore, you can't take Wan Li Road without accumulating steps; If you don't accumulate small streams, you won't be a river. Leap, not ten steps; This is a great contribution to the success of Ma Xu.
Perseverance, rotten wood can't be carved; Perseverance, the stone can be carved. Earthworms do not have the advantages of minions, and their bones and muscles are strong. They eat the earth and drink the yellow land with their hearts.
The crab kneels six times and pinches twice. It's not that the snake hole has no sustenance, it's also impetuous. The gentleman said: Learn from Fukashi.
Indigo is extracted from bluegrass and bluer than bluegrass. Ice is solidified by water, which is cooler than water. The wood is straight and conforms to the ink line used for straightening. When it is baked, bent and simmered into wheels, the bending of wood conforms to compasses. Even if it does, it won't be straight again. This is because it is artificially bent like this.
Therefore, wood can be straightened after being measured with ink lines, and metal products such as swords can be sharpened after being ground on grindstones. A gentleman can learn extensively and check himself every day, so that he will be smart and knowledgeable and will not make mistakes in his actions. I used to think about it all day, but I didn't learn much in an instant. I once stood on tiptoe and looked far away, but it was better to climb high and look far.
Wave when you climb high, your arms are not lengthened, but others can see you in the distance; Call with the wind, the voice is not as loud as before, but the listener can hear clearly. With the help of chariots and horses, people can walk Wan Li Road without walking fast, while with the help of boats, people can cross the river without swimming.
The essence of a gentleman is no different from ordinary people, but he is good at using foreign things. Earth and stone pile up into mountains, and the wind and rain start from here; Water flows into the abyss, and dragons are born from it; Accumulate good deeds and cultivate noble character, then you will reach a high degree of wisdom and you will have the spiritual realm of a saint.
Therefore, without the accumulation of half a step, there is no way to reach thousands of miles away; Without the accumulation of tiny flowing water, there is no way to merge into the rivers and seas. The horse jumped less than ten paces; A bad horse can walk for ten days, and its success lies in its constant walking.
If it stops after a while, the rotten wood will continue to be carved. Stick to carving and the stone will be carved successfully.
Earthworms have no sharp claws and teeth and strong bones and muscles, but they can eat soil and drink spring water because they are single-minded. A crab has six feet (actually eight feet) and two chins. Without snakes and eels, it has nowhere to hide, because it is impetuous.
7. The original text in classical Chinese about learning
Ancient scholars must have teachers. Teacher, so preach and teach to solve doubts. People are not born knowing, who can have no doubt? If you are confused and don't follow the teacher, you will be confused and you will never understand. Before I was born, I studied Tao before I was born, so I learned from Tao. After I was born, I studied Taoism first, so I studied Taoism. I am a teacher, and I don't know that years were born in me. Therefore, there is no nobility, no inferiority, no length, no shortage, and the existence of Tao and the existence of teachers.
Ha ha! It's been a long time since the teacher passed on the Tao! It's hard to be confused! The ancient sages are far away, and they are still in the teacher's question; Today's people are far from saints, and they are ashamed to learn from their teachers. So saints are good for saints, and fools are good for fools. What makes saints holy and fools stupid? Love his son, choose a teacher and teach him; If you are in your body, you will feel ashamed and confused. The boy's teacher, the sentence of teaching and learning books, is not the person I am talking about telling his story and solving his confusion. I don't know, I don't understand, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know. Witch doctors and musicians are skilled workers, and they are not ashamed to learn from each other. The families of the scholar-officials called their teacher disciple Yun, and they got together and talked and laughed. When asked, he said, "He is almost the same as that year, and in the same way. Humble and shameful, officials are close. " Oh! Obviously, the teacher's path has gone. Witch doctors are highly skilled musicians, and gentlemen disdain them. Today, his wisdom is out of reach, strange and embarrassing!
Saint impermanence teacher. Confucius studied under Tan Zi, Changhong, Shi Xiang and Lao Dan. Scorpions' disciples are not as clever as Confucius. Confucius said, "Where there are three people, there must be a teacher." So disciples don't have to be inferior to teachers, and teachers don't have to be superior to disciples. They have a good understanding of Taoism and specialize in their skills. That's all.
Seventeen-year-old Li is good at ancient prose and knows all six arts. He has unlimited time to learn from Yu Yu. Yu Jiaqi can follow the ancient road and write Shi Shuo to make it last forever.
translate
People who studied in ancient times must have teachers. Teachers are used to impart truth, teach research and answer difficult questions. People are not born to understand reason, who can have no doubts? With doubts and not learning from teachers, those who become difficult problems will never solve them. Born before me, he understood the truth earlier than me, so I followed him and worshipped him as a teacher. If the person born after me understands the truth earlier than me, I will follow him and worship him as a teacher. I learned the truth from him. Who cares if he is older or younger than me? Therefore, no matter high or low, no matter young or old, the place where Tao exists is the place where teachers exist.
Alas! It's been a long time since the fashion of learning from teachers, and it's hard for people not to doubt it! Ancient saints, far beyond the average person, have to ask the teacher for advice (he is not a pronoun); Nowadays, ordinary people are far less clever than saints, but they are ashamed to learn from teachers. Therefore, saints are wiser and fools are more ignorant. Is this probably the reason why saints become saints and fools become fools? Love your child and choose a teacher to teach him. But for himself, learning from the teacher is shameful and puzzling! Those children's teachers, who teach them to read and learn sentences from books, are not teachers who teach truth and solve problems. I don't know whether to ask the teacher when reading sentences, but I don't want to ask the teacher because I have doubts that I can't solve. We should learn the small aspects, but give up the big ones. I didn't see his understanding. Witch doctors, musicians and craftsmen are not ashamed to learn from each other. People like scholar-officials get together and laugh at him when they hear others calling him "teacher" and "disciple". You ask them (why are you laughing) and say, "He is about his age and knows the same thing. It is enough to be ashamed to learn from people with low status; Taking an official as a teacher is considered close to flattery. " Hey! The road to seeking a teacher is hard to recover, you can know! Witch doctors, musicians, craftsmen, these people, the gentleman disdain to mention, and now their wisdom is not comparable to these people, which is really strange!
Sages have no fixed teachers. Confucius studied under Zanzi, Changhong, Shi Xiang and Lao Dan. These people are not as talented as Confucius. Confucius said, "If several people walk together, there must be someone who can be my teacher." Therefore, students are not necessarily inferior to teachers, and teachers are not necessarily more talented than students. There are early days and late days to accept the truth, and we have our own specialties in knowledge and skills, that's all.
Pan, the Li family's child, is seventeen years old this year. He likes classical Chinese, and the classics of Six Arts are generally studied. He is not ashamed of the worldly limitations of learning from me. I admire him for helping the ancients and writing his teacher's notes.
8. What are the classical Chinese texts about learning? 1, Xunzi's "Persuasion" in the Warring States Period.
Excerpt: A gentleman knows that a husband is not beautiful enough, so he recites it and thinks about it.
Interpretation: A gentleman thinks he is perfect only when he knows that he is not perfect, so he reads a set of books to try to achieve mastery and understand with thinking and exploration.
2. The sacred amethyst in Wang Yinglin in Song Dynasty.
Excerpt: Jade is not pecked, let alone a weapon; People don't learn or know.
Interpretation: jade can't be a beautiful object without polishing and carving; People can't succeed if they don't study.
3. Zhou's "Supplements and Essays" in Qing Dynasty
Abstract: There is a road to diligence in Shushan, and there is no limit to learning from the sea. (Actually, it was written by Han Yu in the Tang Dynasty, and it was included in augmented sages).
Interpretation: If you want to climb the peak of knowledge, then diligence is the only way; If you want to swim in the ocean of knowledge, effort is a boat that wishes you progress.
4. Zhu's persuasion poems in Song Dynasty.
Excerpt: It is easy for teenagers to learn from old age, but difficult to learn. An inch of time is not light.
Interpretation: Time flies, learning is difficult, don't waste every inch of time.
5. Yan Zhenqing's "persuasion" in Tang Dynasty.
Excerpt: Black hair doesn't know how to study hard early, but it's too late to learn.
Interpretation: I didn't know to study hard early when I was young, and it was too late to regret when I was full of white hair.