Cultural heritage is conceptually divided into tangible cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage. Including material cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage.
Since 2006, the second Saturday in June has been China Heritage Day.
Cultural heritage is divided into "tangible heritage and intangible heritage".
Inheritance standard
From the historical, artistic or scientific point of view, buildings, sculptures and paintings with outstanding and universal value, inscriptions with archaeological elements or structures, caves, settlements and various cultural relics are a comprehensive body.
Any cultural heritage project nominated for inclusion in the World Heritage List must meet one or more of the following criteria before it can be approved.
The first criterion is that if a heritage project is to be included in the world heritage, it must represent unique artistic achievements and creative masterpieces. For example, the Acropolis in Athens represented the highest art in ancient Greece at that time and embodied the creativity and wisdom of the Greeks. The Acropolis project meets the first standard of world heritage, especially these temples, which were built by some of the most famous artists in Greece.
The second criterion is that the heritage projects in a certain period or a certain cultural area in the world reflect the change of human concepts such as architectural art or the art of memorial architecture, including urban planning and landscape design. If briefly summarized, it can be said to express the change of human concept. Then an example like this is a German heritage project called Bauhaus College. It has only been an art school for ten years, but during its short existence of more than ten years, this school has transformed classical or traditional architectural education and art design education into a modernist education model. It reflects the transformation of human thoughts and aesthetic concepts, including educational concepts, in the 1920s. Therefore, although it has only existed for more than ten years, its school is still included in the World Heritage List. Because it reflects the change of human concept in such a period.
The third criterion is the heritage project that people face, which can become a disappearing civilization or cultural tradition, and it can provide such a witness. For example, Jerusalem is a very important heritage project, which embodies the development of ancient human civilization here. Some of these civilizations, or cultures, have changed and disappeared today, but Jerusalem is their birthplace and a historical witness of their existence. If this standard can be met, this project can also be included in the World Heritage List.
The fourth criterion means that it can be regarded as an important stage in human history, a typical and representative building, which can reflect this era and is an outstanding example of architecture or landscape in this era. If you simply say an outstanding example of an era. For example, like our Forbidden City, this is actually the case. When you talk about such a period in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties and the feudal society in China, you can immediately associate it with the Forbidden City, the Forbidden City in Beijing and the Forbidden City in Shenyang. They have become the symbol of such an era. Then, for example, the Kremlin and Red Square are also an item on the World Heritage List. When it comes to the development process of Russian revolution and early socialism, this
The fifth criterion is the heritage we face, which can be used as an outstanding example of traditional human habitation, how to use the land and how to live. In particular, it may reflect one or several cultures. For example, the famous Italian city Venice is such an example. Since the Middle Ages, some people fled the war and settled here, and then built such a city. With the development of Italian economy, Venice's economy and Venice's strength, the city gradually developed, and then many excellent buildings were built. Then a large number of artists have been trained here, such as the Venetian School. With the change of the whole world trade system and the gradual change of the sea power of all countries in the world, Venice later lost its original position. Today it may have lost its brilliance, but Venice itself has witnessed such a civilization. Cities like this can also be included in the World Heritage List. In fact, Lijiang and Pingyao also belong to it. For example, the relationship between Lijiang and Snow Mountain, Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, and the surrounding wetlands can verify this balance between man and nature.
The sixth standard is a special standard. Generally speaking, this standard cannot be directly used as a separate standard to evaluate whether a world heritage project can be included in the World Heritage List, so it is directly related to this world with special significance or the current tradition, thought or literature and art. This project is slightly different from the five standards we mentioned earlier. The first five criteria can be included in the World Heritage List as long as one of them is met, but for the sixth one, one of the first five criteria needs to be met before the sixth one can be included as a supplementary item. For example, the Forbidden City is related to many very important figures in our history, and can also meet the requirements of this standard.
This is how to distinguish the cultural heritage brought by Bian Xiao. See if there is any cultural background around you.