Xi Shi, Diao Chan, Wang Zhaojun, and Yang Yuhuan. The "Four Beauties" in ancient China: Xi Shi, Diao Chan, Wang Zhaojun, and Yang Yuhuan. It has been decided who ranks first among the four beauties in China, but That's the ancient arrangement. Xi Shi ranked first, followed by Wang Zhaojun, Diao Chan again, and Yang Yuhuan at the bottom. Among them, Xi Shi is the embodiment and synonym of beauty. Because Diao Chan is a character in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and does not exist in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". The earliest woodcut New Year picture unearthed in my country, the Pingyang woodcut New Year picture of the Southern Song Dynasty discovered in Gansu in 1909, "The Sui Dynasty is graceful and graceful, showing the beauty of the country" is also known as the "Four Beautiful Pictures", which depicts Wang Zhaojun, Zhao Feiyan, Ban Ji and Luzhu. An ancient beauty. The original version of this New Year painting is now in the Moscow Museum. "Although the subject matter is royal, it combines the characters of the Han and Jin dynasties into one picture. The carving lines are smooth and delicate, and the composition is rich and gorgeous." ("Four Beautiful Pictures") The picture shows the four beauties Lv Zhu, Wang Zhaojun, Ban Ji, Zhao Feiyan. Lv Zhu held up the skirt in her left hand and climbed up the steps, looking back at the jade unicorn held in her right hand, showing her charm; Wang Zhaojun was dressed in exotic clothes, writing and editing books, with a gloomy expression; Zhao Feiyan was decorated with gold and jade pendants, with sleeves and hands held high, and she was satisfied; Behind the scenes, Banji is quiet and reserved. The whole painting is plain and elegant, with a solemn style. From this, we can say that these four beauties are the four great beauties in ancient China. This is also a version to say the least. Besides, there is strong evidence here - cultural relics from the Southern Song Dynasty. Speaking of the era, it is also after the Tang Dynasty. Since the Southern Song Dynasty combined these four beauties across eras, it cannot be groundless, and there must be some reason for it. [Edit this paragraph] Xi Shi Introduction to Xi Shi: Xi Shi, formerly known as Shi Yiguang, was born in Zhuluo Village, Zhuji, Zhejiang Province in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Natural beauty. At that time, the State of Yue became a vassal of the State of Wu, and the King of Yue, Gou Jian, lay down on his firewood and tasted his gall in order to revive his country. When the country was in crisis, Xi Shi endured the humiliation and bore the heavy burden, and pledged herself to the country. Together with Zheng Dan, King Gou Jian of Yue dedicated her to King Fu Cha of Wu. She became the King of Wu's favorite concubine. It serves as a cover and shows the noble thoughts and sentiments of a patriotic woman. Relevant monuments: On the route Xi Shi took from Yue to Wu, from Zhuji in the south to Suzhou in the north, there are ruins of Xi Shi everywhere. At the foothills of Zhuji Luo Mountain and on the banks of the Huansha River, there are still historic sites such as Huansha Stone, Huansha Pavilion, Xishi Beach, Xishi Square, and Xishi Hall. Origin of "Sinking Fish": Xishi has the appearance of "Sinking Fish". Xishi is a graceful woman with regular facial features, pink face and peach blossoms, and extraordinary appearance. When she was washing her gauze by the river, the clear water reflected her handsome figure, making her even more beautiful. According to legend, when Xi Shi was washing her gauze by the stream, the fish in the water felt that Xi Shi was so beautiful that they were ashamed to sink to the bottom of the water. come out. Glossary: ??Huan: washing. Yarn: a kind of fabric, also refers to clothes. Huan Sha also refers to Xi Shi. "The Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty" "Thousands of peaks are beautiful on the mountains, and the fine grass on the riverside is spring. Today we meet Huansha Stone, but no Huansha people are seen." Huan means "washing", and in ancient times it was related to the date. During the Tang Dynasty, the state stipulated that government officials must take a bath three times a month. Each bath was called a bath, and the month of January was divided into upper bathing, middle bathing, and lower bathing. "The yarn is ramie, which the locals call "ramie". It is a plant of the nettle family. It is a perennial herb. Its stem is flexible and shiny. Its stem bark (fiber) is used for weaving cloth and making nets. [ Edit this paragraph] Wang Zhaojun Introduction to Wang Zhaojun: Wang Zhaojun (52 BC - 19 BC), whose surname was Wang Qiang, was from Zigui, Nanjun (now Xingshan County, Hubei Province). She was selected into Yeting as a "good family son" during the Han Dynasty. When Hu Hanxie came to the court, the emperor gave her five daughters. Order Qiuxing. When Hu Hanxie was about to leave the meeting, the emperor summoned the five daughters to show him. The emperor was shocked and wanted to keep him, but it was difficult to break his promise, so he broke up with the Xiongnu. " ("Book of the Later Han" Volume 89 "Biography of the Southern Huns") Wang Zhaojun was born in Baoping Village, Zigui County, Nanjun in 52 BC (today's Zhaojun Village, Xingshan County, Hubei Province). In the third year of Emperor Jing's reign in Yong'an (AD 260) Years), the northern boundary of Zigui is Xingshan County, and Xiangxi is the boundary of the town. Wang Qiang of Han Dynasty is from this town, so it is the county of Yun Zhaojun. His father, Wang Rang, has a daughter in his old age. He regards her as the apple of his eye, and her brother and sister-in-law also love her. Added. Wang Zhaojun was born with beauty, extraordinary intelligence, and was good at playing music, chess, calligraphy, and painting. "Her eyebrows are unparalleled and can make flowers shy in Shanglin." The news of Zhaojun's unique talent and beauty spread along the Xiangxi River throughout Nanjun and reached the capital. In 36 BC, Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty announced that Wang Zhaojun was the first choice for Nanjun. His father, Wang Rangyun, said: "My daughter is too young to obey the order." It's hard to violate this. In mid-spring of 36 BC, Wang Zhaojun bid farewell to his parents and fellow villagers. He boarded an official ship carved with dragons and phoenixes and sailed along the Xiang River, entered the Yangtze River, crossed the Han River, and crossed the Qinling Mountains. It took three months and arrived in the capital Chang'an in the early summer of the same year. Waiting for the imperial edict. Wang Zhaojun, named Qiang (pronounced qiáng), was originally a maid of the Han Palace. In 54 BC, the Xiongnu Huhanxie Chanyu was defeated by his brother Zhizhi Chanyu and moved south to the Great Wall. Under the Guanglu Fortress, she formed a good relationship with the Western Han Dynasty. She entered Chang'an three times and asked Emperor Han Yuan for a marriage. After hearing about this, Wang Zhaojun requested to leave the fortress and make a marriage. , Yin Yanzhi, meaning "Queen"), symbolizing that she would bring peace, tranquility and prosperity to the Huns. Later, with the support of the Western Han Dynasty, Huhanxie Chanyu controlled the entire Xiongnu territory, thus making peace with the Han Dynasty. for half a century.
Story description: When Emperor Xuan of the Western Han Dynasty became emperor, the Han Dynasty became strong and prosperous for another period. At that time, the Xiongnu in the north became increasingly declining due to internal fighting, and finally split into five hanyu forces. Among them was a Chanyu named Hu Hanxie, who had always been on good terms with the Han Dynasty and once personally led his troops to meet Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty. After Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty died and Emperor Yuan ascended the throne, Hu Hanxie went to Chang'an again in person in 33 BC and asked for peace with the Han Dynasty. Emperor Yuan agreed and decided to choose a palace maid as a princess to marry Hu Hanxie Chanyu. There were many maids in the harem who were chosen from among the people. They were locked up in the palace all day long. They wanted to leave the palace, but they were unwilling to marry the Huns. The minister in charge was very anxious. At this time, a palace maid resolutely expressed her willingness to go to the Huns to get married. Her name is Wang Qiang, also known as Zhaojun. She is very beautiful and knowledgeable. When the minister in charge heard that Wang Zhaojun was willing to go, he hurriedly reported it to Emperor Yuan. Emperor Yuan ordered his ministers to choose an auspicious day for Hu Hanxie and Zhaojun to get married in Chang'an. Chanyu was happy and excited to get such a young and beautiful wife. Before returning to the Huns, when Wang Zhaojun said goodbye to Emperor Han Yuan, Emperor Han Yuan saw that she was beautiful, dignified, and extremely cute, and wanted to keep her, but it was already too late. It is said that after Emperor Yuan returned to the palace, the more he thought about it, the more upset he became. How could he not notice that he had such a beautiful woman in his harem? He asked someone to take out the portrait of Zhaojun from the portraits of the palace maids, and then he realized that Zhaojun in the portrait was far less lovely than himself. Why is it painted like this? It turns out that when maids enter the palace, they are usually not selected directly by the emperor. Instead, a painter draws a portrait and sends it to the emperor to see whether they are selected. At that time, the painter painted portraits of the palace ladies, and the palace ladies would give him gifts, so that he would paint people beautifully. Wang Zhaojun was dissatisfied with this kind of corruption and extortion and was unwilling to give gifts, so the painter did not paint Wang Zhaojun's beauty realistically. For this reason, Emperor Yuan was extremely angry and punished the painter. Wang Zhaojun, escorted by Han Dynasty and Xiongnu officials, left Chang'an on horseback. She braved the biting cold wind outside the Great Wall, came all the way to the Xiongnu region, and became the wife of Huhanxie Chanyu. After Zhaojun came out of the fortress, he gradually got used to the life of the Huns and got along well with the Huns. While she advised the Chanyu not to fight, she also passed on the culture of the Central Plains to the Xiongnu, so that the Xiongnu and the Han Dynasty lived in harmony for 60 years. The country was peaceful and the people were safe, "the border city was closed, the cattle and horses were wild, there were no barking dogs for three generations, and the Li Shu forgot the battle of war." , showing a thriving and peaceful scene. In 31 BC, Huhanxie Shanyu died, leaving behind a son named Yitu Zhiyashi, who later became the king of Xiongnu Youri Zhu. At that time, Wang Zhaojun put the overall situation first and endured great grievances. According to the Xiongnu custom of "after the death of the father, the wife follows the stepmother", she married Huhanxie's eldest son, Fuzhulei Shanyu Diaotao Mogao, and gave birth to two more daughters. The girl's name is Xubu, and the second girl's name should be Yu Juci ("Juci" means princess). In 20 BC, Chanyu died again, and Zhaojun became a widow from then on. A year later, the 33-year-old peerless beauty Wang Zhaojun passed away and was buried in the southern suburbs of today's Hohhot City. The tomb is nestled in the Daqing Mountains and near the Yellow River. Later generations called it "Green Tomb". Name change to avoid taboo: In the Jin Dynasty, in order to avoid the taboo of Jin Taizu Sima Zhao, she changed her name to Mingjun, and was known as "Mingfei" in history. Wang Zhaojun's historical achievements are not only that she took the initiative to go out to the fortress to make peace, but more importantly, after she went out, she reconciled the Han Dynasty with the Huns. The beacon smoke at the frontier fortress was extinguished for 50 years, which strengthened the national unity between the Han and the Huns. It is in the interests of the Han and Xiongnu people. She, her children, grandchildren and in-laws made great contributions to the harmony, amity and unity between the Hu and Han peoples. Therefore, she has been praised by history. The Yuan Dynasty poet Zhao Jie believed that Wang Zhaojun's contribution was no less than that of the famous Han Dynasty general Huo Qubing. The story of Zhaojun has become an enduring story of national unity in the history of our country. About "Luoyan": During the reign of the three emperors of the Han and Yuan Dynasties, there were wars between the north and the south, and the border could not be quiet. In order to appease the Northern Xiongnu, Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty chose Zhaojun to marry Chanyu to ensure eternal reconciliation between the two countries. On a crisp autumn day, Zhaojun bid farewell to his hometown and headed north. Along the way, the neighing of horses and the cry of wild geese tore her heart apart; the sense of sadness made her unable to calm down. On her mount, she plucked the strings and played a tragic farewell song. The geese flying south heard the sweet music and saw the beautiful woman riding on the horse. They forgot to flap their wings and fell to the ground. From then on, Zhaojun was nicknamed "Luoyan". [Edit this paragraph] Diao Chan Diao Chan Introduction: Diao Chan was a singer of Situ Wang Yun in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. She was beautiful and fragrant, and had the appearance of overwhelming the country. Seeing that the Eastern Han Dynasty was controlled by the traitor Dong Zhuo, she burned incense under the moon and prayed to heaven, willing to be her master. worry. Seeing that Dong Zhuo would usurp the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wang Yun set up a series of schemes. Wang Yun first secretly promised Diaochan to Lu Bu, and then dedicated Diaochan to Dong Zhuo openly. Lu Bu is a young hero, while Dong Zhuo is old and cunning. In order to win over Lü Bu, Dong Zhuo adopted Lü Bu as his adopted son. Both of them are lustful people. From then on, Diao Chan circulated between the two of them, sending Lu Bu a look of love and repaying Dong Zhuo a charm. It made the two of them fascinated. Lu Bu became dissatisfied after Dong Zhuo accepted Diao Chan as his concubine. One day, Lü Bu took Dong Zhuo to court and went to Dong Zhuo's house to visit Diao Chan and invited Feng Yiting to meet her. When Diao Chan saw Lv Bu, she pretended to cry and complained about the pain of being occupied by Dong Zhuo, which made Lv Bu angry. At this time, Dong Zhuo ran into Fang Tian when he returned home. He grabbed Lv Bu in anger and stabbed Lv Bu with his halberd. Lv Bu flew away. From then on, the two were suspicious of each other. Wang Yun persuaded Lv Bu to eliminate Dong Zhuo. Legend has it that Diao Chan was born into the world, and within three years the local peach and apricot flowers bloomed and then withered; Diao Chan worshiped the moon at midnight, and in the moonlight Chang'e felt ashamed and hurriedly disappeared into the clouds; Diao Chan had a pretty figure, thin ears and green rings, and the willows were swayed by the wind when she walked. It is more than elegant when it is quiet, and the beauty of the Diao Chan is a sight to behold.
It is precisely because of this beauty that the manipulative Dong Zhuo and the brave and foolhardy Lu Bu turned against each other, giving the turbulent government and opposition a slight sense of peace. The Peking Opera "Feng Yi Pavilion" narrates this story. Diao Chan is the most dazzling female image among the few women who appear in "Three Kingdoms", which is mainly male. It can be said that it is precisely because of the appearance of Diao Chan that there are stories about Wang Situ's clever tricks, Lu Fengxian's turmoil in Fengyiting, and the fierce and unscrupulous power in front of Dong Zhuo's palace. Only after being killed did Lu Bu, a man with great love for his children and martial arts master, die on the gate. The significance of the existence of the image of Diao Chan is that in this world where only men compete for hegemony, it successfully shows the courage and wisdom of a stunning woman. It is this display of extraordinary courage and the use of high wisdom that accelerated the warlord war in the late Han Dynasty. The end of the era promoted the rise of a generation of heroes such as Cao Cao, Liu Bei, and Sun Quan, allowing the already precarious Han Dynasty to continue. However, since Lu Bu's death at Baimenlou, this brave and strange woman has disappeared. Did he go to Jiuquan with the defeated Lu Bu? Or was he kidnapped back to Xuchang by the victorious Cao Cao? This question remained unsolved from the beginning of the struggle for hegemony to the unification of Jin Dynasty. Did the author accidentally ignore such an important figure, or did he consciously avoid talking about it out of some consideration? We have no way of verifying it. The author was not willing to let an admirable and strange woman disappear forever, so I read a large number of official novels and unofficial historical commentaries circulating in the society, and finally found some clues about Diao Chan's life and ending. Here Record the following as an explanation of your curiosity. As for Diao Chan's origin, some unofficial historians explained this: Her original surname was Huo, and she was unknown. She was from Shanxi and was from the same hometown as the famous general Guan Yu. She had outstanding talents and intelligence since she was a child, so she was selected into the Han Palace as a female official in charge of the palace's headdresses and crowns, so she was called the "Diao Chan" official. Due to the chaos caused by the Shi Changshi, she took refuge out of the palace and was taken in by Situ Wang Yun as her adopted daughter. Only then did she achieve the feat of driving a wedge between Dong Zhuo and Lu Bu's father and son. Regarding the ending of Diao Chan, some commentaries describe it like this: After Lu Bu's death, Diao Chan was brought back to Xuchang by Cao Cao and stayed in the Prime Minister's Mansion as a maid. After Guan Yu temporarily surrendered to Cao about three things in Tuen Mountain, Cao Cao specially gifted ten beauties to win Guan Yu's heart. Diao Chan was one of them. When Guan Yu heard Diao Chan announce her name, he felt brave. He lifted his beard and said "good", then closed his eyes and waved the order to leave. After hearing Diao Chan, she understood Guan Yu's full name. The meaning of the festival was that he committed suicide after returning to his room. The Peking Opera "Feng Yi Pavilion" narrates this story. Diao Chan worships the moon: Legend has it that Diao Chan was born, and within three years the local peach and apricot flowers bloomed and then withered; Diao Chan worshiped the moon at midnight, and Chang'e felt ashamed in the moon and hurriedly disappeared into the clouds; Diao Chan had a pretty figure, thin ears and green rings, and walked around The willows are swayed by the wind, and are more than elegant when they are quiet. The beauty of the Diao Chan is a sight to behold. It is precisely because of this beauty that the manipulative Dong Zhuo and the brave and foolhardy Lu Bu turned against each other, giving the turbulent government and opposition a slight sense of peace. However, it is regrettable that Diao Chan appears as a maid and retreats as the family of the deceased. Luo Guanzhong only narrated Lu Bu's death at Baimenlou in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and concluded with the sentence "his wife and daughter were transported back to Xudu". From then on , Diao Chan's life and death have become an eternal mystery. In 1971, some people saw Diao Chan's tomb, but some said it was her daughter's tomb. This shows that the view in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is not credible. Diao Chan is one of the four beauties in ancient China. Although there is no record in ancient books, there are many descriptions in literary works. According to other records, Diao Chan's surname is Du. She was originally the wife of Qin Yilu, a general of Lu Bu's tribe. They also had a son named Qin Lang. , named Yuan Ming, appeared in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and was also recorded in the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms as one of the important figures in the Wei Kingdom in the Three Kingdoms at the end of the Han Dynasty. Because Lu Bu behaved improperly and liked to steal other people's wives, Diao Chan was forced to marry Lu Bu, and her son Qin Lang also followed. Lu Bu, after Lu Bu's fall, Qin Lang followed Cao Cao. He was deeply loved by Cao Cao and was recognized as his son by Cao Cao. Luo Guanzhong's "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" further described and characterized Diao Chan, which had a great influence, and the folklore was particularly moving. Diao Chan became a household name, known to women and children as "a hero among men" and "a hero among women". According to the textual research of the scholar Mr. Meng Fanren, the character of the novel is: Diao Chan, surnamed Ren, with the diminutive Hongchang, was born in Mu'er Village, Jiuyuan County, Bingzhou County. She was elected to the palace at the age of 15 and was in charge of the Diao Chan (a hat ornament worn by court officials in the Han Dynasty). , and has since been renamed Diaochan. At the end of the Han Dynasty, a storm broke out in the palace. Diao Chan left the palace and was adopted as an adopted daughter by King Situ. Soon Dong Zhuo took power. Wang Yun took advantage of Dong and Lu's lust, so he asked Diao Chan to implement a "serial plan", which finally prompted Lu Bu to kill Dong Zhuo and achieve great feats. Later, Diao Chan became Lu Bu's concubine. Lu Bu died in Baimenlou, and Cao Cao repeated the "serial plan" on the Taoyuan brothers and gave it to Guan Yu. In order not to harm the Taoyuan brothers, Diao Chan "raised her neck and prayed to be beheaded," but was protected by Guan Yu and escaped, becoming a nun. After Cao Cao learned about it, he arrested Diao Chan, but Diao Chan resolutely threw her sword and died. The hometown of Diao Chan is in Muzhi Village, three kilometers southeast of Xinzhou City, on the way to Yuwang Cave from Taiyuan or Xinzhou. Muzhi Village was originally rich in fungus, so it was named Muzhi Village. Later, because a thousand-year-old Ganoderma lucidum was found under the locust tree in the village, it was renamed Muzhi Village. There are rumors in the village that the peach and apricot trees in the village stopped blooming three years before Diao Chan was born, and the peach and apricot trees are still struggling to survive. It is said that Diao Chan is shy of flowers. The village originally had a street archway, front hall, back hall, Wang Yun Street, Diao Chan stage and Diao Chan's tomb. As time passed, these buildings became ruins, and the tombs were razed to the ground in the catastrophe. Ancient bricks, stone components, copper coins, and ceramic fragments are often unearthed in the ruins, all of which are said to be related to Diao Chan.
The current tourist attraction is called Diaochan Cemetery, which was restored and built by villagers on the original site of the cemetery in recent years. The cemetery is located in the southwest of the village, covering an area of ??more than 4,000 square meters. It is surrounded by red-bottomed yellow tiles and wavy dragon-shaped walls. It is dazzling in the vast sea of ??wheat. A horizontal plaque reading "Diao Chan Cemetery" hangs on the eaves of the door, and on both sides there are bronze inscriptions and couplets "Closing the moon and humiliating flowers are the pride of China; enduring humiliation and danger makes men raise their eyebrows." In the north courtyard of the mausoleum are the Moon Worship Pavilion and Fengyi Pavilion, and a bluestone tomb platform is built at the back. In front of the platform is a statue of Diao Chan. Under the movement of the streamers, the Diao Chan walks gracefully and gracefully, giving the appearance of "a flower shy of the moon". Twenty antique buildings were built in the south courtyard, which was turned into the "Diao Chan Colored Sculpture Hall", reflecting Diao Chan's earth-shattering life of "spending no expense on her body and fearing danger." According to the legend of the villagers, after the three Taoyuan brothers came to power, they sent Diao Chan back to his hometown and buried her here after her death. It is also said that Diao Chan threw her sword and killed herself. After Guan Yu learned about it, he escorted the body back to his hometown for burial. Therefore, the statue of Guan Yu in the back hall and the stage in front of the hall representing Diao Chan's performance are all to repay Guan Yu's kindness in refusing to kill and escorting him. Zhonghuo Village in the southeast of Dingxiang County is the hometown of Lu Bu. There are folk legends such as "Huo Qingquan", "Smart Capture of the Red Rabbit Horse", and "Crooked Neck Tree", all related to Lu Bu. Therefore, the folk proverb goes, "There are no good women in Xinzhou, and there are no good men in Dingxiang." It means that because of Diao Chan and Lu Bu, from now on, Xinzhou can no longer produce good-looking women, and Dingxiang can no longer produce handsome men. Where was Diao Chan born? One talks about Lintao, one talks about Mizhi, and the other talks about Xinzhou. The theory of Lintao originated from "Three Kingdoms Zhi Ping Hua". Diao Chan introduced herself to Wang Yun: My concubine's surname is Ren, and her parents are Lu Bu. We have lost contact with each other since Lintao...; the story of Mizhi's hometown is based on a northern Shaanxi proverb: Mizhi's mother-in-law Suide's Han; Diao Chan is obviously more convincing that he is from Muzhi Village in Xinzhou. In the Yuan drama "Jinyuntang Secretly Determines the Lianlian Plan", Diao Chan said to Wang Yun, "Your child is from here, and his surname is from Muzhi Village in Xinzhou. The daughter of Ren Ang, nicknamed Hongchang, was named Diao Chan because Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty chose a palace maid and brought your child into the palace, holding a Diao Chan crown. "There is a saying among the people in Xinzhou: There is no good girl in Xinzhou, and there is no good girl in Dingxiang. Male, which means that since Diao Chan came out of Xinzhou and Lu Bu came out of Dingxiang, the local feng shui has been taken over. In addition to these, the elders of Muzhi Village still say that there was a stone tablet "Diao Chan's Hometown" outside the village. There are tombs and temples in the village, and there is also a street named after Wang Yun. After the incident at Baimen Tower, what will be the fate of Diao Chan? There are several such legends. One theory is that Cao Cao learned that Guan Yu had hidden Diao Chan in Jingci Temple, so he secretly sent someone to arrest her. Diao Chan committed suicide with her sword in order to defeat Cao's ambition. Another theory is that Diao Chan became a nun, during which she wrote the anonymous "Jinyuntang Secret". "Dinglian Plan", in Shouzhuan Temple; one theory is that Cao Cao adopted Xun You's plan to alienate the three Taoyuan brothers, and promised Diao Chan to Guan Yu, secretly agreeing with Liu Bei. In order to eliminate Cao Nian, Guan Yu killed Diao Chan; another theory is that, Guan Yu sent Diao Chan back to Mur'er Village (today's Muzhi Village). Diao Chan never married, so there is Diao Chan's tomb and memorial hall in the village, and Guan Gong is also enshrined in the back hall. Adding to the news not long ago, an old man surnamed Zeng in the northern suburbs of Chengdu once picked up a stele. The inscription said: Diao Chan, Wang Yun's singer, died for the country because of Dong Zhuo's rampage... She followed Emperor Yan to Shu and was buried in Huayang County. Huangtupo, Jianheng Village, Waibei...According to this theory, it is very likely that Diao Chan ended up living in Shu. [Edit this paragraph] Yang Yuhuan Introduction to Yang Yuhuan: Yang Yuhuan, Xi Shi, Wang Zhaojun, and Diao Chan are also known as the four beauties in ancient China. Yang Yuhuan (719-756 AD): Taizhen, a native of Yongle, Puzhou, and the noble concubine of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty Li Longji. Yang was beautiful in appearance, good at singing and dancing, and was good at music. She was a court musician, singer and dancer in the Tang Dynasty, and her musical talent was rare among the concubines of the past dynasties. He was born in Rongzhou (now Rong County, Yulin, Guangxi) in the early sixth month of the lunar calendar in 719, the seventh year of Kaiyuan. He came from a family of eunuchs. His great-grandfather Yang Wang was the Shangzhu State and Minister of the Ministry of Personnel in the Sui Dynasty. He was killed by Li Shimin in the early Tang Dynasty. His father Yang Xuanyan, She is the sihu of Shuzhou, and her uncle Yang Xuangui once served as a local cao in Henan Prefecture. Yang Yuhuan spent her childhood in Sichuan. When she was about 10 years old, her father died, and she was fostered in the home of her third uncle Yang Xuangui in Luoyang. In July of the 22nd year of Kaiyuan (734), Princess Xianyi, daughter of Tang Xuanzong, held a wedding in Luoyang, and Yang Yuhuan was also invited to attend. Princess Xianyang's younger brother, Prince Shou Li Hao, fell in love with Yang Yuhuan at first sight. At the request of Concubine Wu Hui, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty issued an edict to appoint her as Princess Shou. After their marriage, the two became extremely sweet. Later, they were ordered to become a monk. In the fourth year of Tianbao (745), Yang was officially canonized as a noble concubine by Xuanzong. In the fifteenth year of Tianbao (755), Anlushan launched a rebellion, Xuanzong fled west to Sichuan, and Yang died in the rebellion in Maweiyi. Yang Yuhuan's natural beauty and superior educational environment gave her a certain degree of cultural accomplishment, a gentle personality, proficiency in music, singing and dancing, and playing the pipa. Although she is a beautiful woman, she still has a flaw: she has body odor, so she especially likes bathing. Concubine Yang, who regards fatness as her beauty, is the simplest beauty, the happiest beauty, and the most touching beauty. Is she really called Yuhuan? What is the name of the famous Concubine Yang? This is an interesting question. There is no mention in "Old Book of Tang" and "New Book of Tang", and there is no clear record in "Zi Zhi Tong Jian". "The Story of Song of Everlasting Regret" only says that she is "Yang Xuanyan's daughter". In the ninth year of Dazhong in the Tang Dynasty (855), about 100 years after Yang Guifei's death, "Minghuang Zalu" compiled by Zheng Chujie mentioned for the first time: "Yang Guifei's small character Yuhuan". Later generations still use it today. There is a different view on this. Zheng Xi's "Jinyangmen Poetry Notes" says: "Jade slave, Taizhen is also a small character." Zheng Chujie and Zheng Xi were both from the Tang Dynasty, lived in similar eras, and were both Jinshi scholars, so their statements have credible reasons.
Of course, it is also possible that these two names belong to Yang Meiren, one is the real name and the other is a nickname. No matter what Yang Guifei's name is, the old man named Li Longji likes her. It is true to say that he is an old man. When the two met for the first time in the 28th year of Kaiyuan (740), Yang was only 22 years old, and he was already 56 years old. He is always old, but he is the emperor, so he can do whatever he wants. Not only did he not care what her name was, but he also didn't care whether she was married or not. He didn't even consider that the person she was marrying was his son. As long as he liked it, he would definitely take it. When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fell in love with Yang Yuhuan, she had been married to the longevity king Li Hao for almost five years. In the Tang Dynasty, "Hu Feng" was prevalent in the court, and it seemed that it was not uncommon for me to snatch my son's wife. "Everyone is equal before love," so there were no Taoist priests crying and admonishing the emperor about "human ethics." But this was not a glorious thing after all. In order to give an explanation to the world, Tang Xuanzong still did some work on the table. For example, under the banner of filial piety, an edict was issued to order her to become a female Taoist priest, saying that she wanted to recommend blessings to her mother, Queen Mother Dou, and gave her the Taoist title "Taizhen", so that Yang Yuhuan could move out of Prince Shou's Mansion and live in Taizhen Palace. This is also done to avoid people's eyes and make it easier for them to have an affair. After finally surviving five years, Xuanzong first fulfilled his "father's responsibility" seriously and married Wei Zhaoxun's daughter to the longevity king Li Hao. Then he couldn't wait to welcome Yang back to the palace and officially canonized her. As a noble concubine. Yang Yuhuan is not only beautiful, good at singing and dancing, but also very smart and considerate. He is simply the emperor's caring "little cotton-padded jacket", and Xuanzong naturally likes her very much. Soon, Yang Yuhuan began to dote on the harem, making "the pink and white in the sixth palace colorless". At that time, the palace called her a lady, and all treatment (physical regulations) were at the level of a queen. In this regard, Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty had something to say. He wrote in "Lishan Feelings: Ode to Concubine Yang": "The flying springs of Lixiu are filled with warm fragrance, the nine dragons protect the Jade Lotus Room, and the longevity palace is blessed every time during the Ming Dynasty. The only one who does not follow the golden carriage is the longevity king." It seems that the longevity king is really I was extremely depressed and embarrassed. But Xuanzong still wanted to win the love of his son regardless of human relations, so he could only lament that Yang Yuhuan's beauty was too alluring. However, according to common sense, Tang Xuanzong, who has entered his old age, dotes on Concubine Yang. He may not only be greedy for beauty and bed pleasure, but also regard her as a person who is considerate in life, understanding in everything, and able to cater to his own hobbies. Spiritual companion. As stated in the "Old Book of Tang": "Taizhen is gorgeous in appearance, good at singing and dancing, well versed in music, and has excellent calculations. He is eager to welcome everyone and moves as he intended." And the comments in the "New Book of Tang" are also roughly the same. It’s the same, but with a subtle hint of “a banquet in the special room”. Many literary works of later generations have tried their best to achieve sexual immorality and blindly magnified the imperial concubine's ability to "invite favors through sex". I think they overestimated the physiological functions of Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty. Of course, no matter how old a man is, he still appreciates beauty, not to mention that this beauty looks like a fairy. "Song of Colorful Feather Clothes": In addition to Yang Yuhuan's outstanding appearance, what fascinated Xuanzong even more was her superb musical and dance skills. According to historical records, she was "good at singing, dancing, and good at music", and Xuanzong also had similar interests. It's no wonder that he regarded her as his artistic confidant and spiritual partner. This can be seen from his joyful tone, "I have obtained Concubine Yang, as if I have obtained the most precious treasure." Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was familiar with music and had extensive knowledge of music and dance. Many aristocratic children had been trained by him in the Liyuan. The "Old Book of Tang" records that Xuanzong once formed a "palace band", selected 300 disciples and hundreds of palace maids, and invited them to guide them. For such a talented "artistic" emperor, Yang Yuhuan, who was proficient in music, naturally seemed particularly charming. It is said that one time, Xuanzong proposed to hold a concert using musical instruments from the mainland together with five musical instruments from the Western Regions, and the imperial concubine actively responded. At that time, the imperial concubine held the pipa in her arms, and Xuanzong held the Jie drum, singing and dancing day and night. This is evidenced by Bai Juyi's poem: "Slow singing and graceful dancing of silk and bamboo, the emperor will never see enough." Yang Yuhuan is also a master of chime playing. When she plays, "the sound of the chime is calm and calm, with many new sounds. Although the disciples of Liyuan , no one can match it.” In order to please the beauty, Emperor Xuanzong specially made the chime made of Lantian green jade and decorated it with gold and pearls, which was extremely precious. Concubine Wu Hui, whom Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty loved, died of illness, making Xuanzong depressed. Under the recommendation of his confidant eunuch Gao Lishi, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty turned his attention to Yang Yuhuan, the daughter-in-law who resembled Concubine Wu Hui. In October of the 28th year of Kaiyuan, Yang Yuhuan, who had been married to Li Hao for five years, left the Shou Palace and came to Lishan. At this time, she was only 22 years old and Xuanzong was 56 years old. Xuanzong ordered her to become a female Taoist priest as his mother. Empress Dowager Dou commended him and gave him the title "Taizhen". In the fourth year of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty appointed Wei Zhaoxun's daughter as Princess Shou, and then appointed Yang Yuhuan as his concubine. Xuanzong had not established a queen since he deposed the queen, so Concubine Yang was equivalent to the queen.