Sima Qian (former 145 or former 135- former 87? ) was born in xia yang (now Hancheng, Shaanxi, Hejin, Shanxi) in the Western Han Dynasty. He was a great historian, thinker and writer in ancient China, and was honored as "Shi Sheng" by later generations. His greatest contribution was the creation of China's first biography, Historical Records (formerly known as Taishi Gongshu). Historical Records records the history of more than 3,000 years from the legendary period of the Yellow Emperor to the first year of founding ceremony (BC 122). Sima Qian's Historical Records, which was completed with his historical knowledge of "studying the relationship between heaven and man, connecting the changes of ancient and modern times, and forming a unified view", became the first biographical general history in the history of China, and was praised by Lu Xun as "a historian's swan song, leaving Sao without rhyme", which had a great influence on later generations.
Question 2: Who are the authors and main figures of Historical Records? The author of Historical Records is Sima Qian (Han Dynasty).
The main characters in Historical Records are "great men" who left their names in history before their death, such as emperors, kings, generals and ministers.
Question 3: Who is the author of Historical Records of W? Sima Qian
Question 4: Who is the author of Historical Records? Why is it called literature? The author of Historical Records is Sima Qian. Although Historical Records is a historical work, it is unique in literary techniques and has high literary value. Mr Lu Xun once praised it as a poem with Kubinashi rhyme.
Question 5: Who is the author of Historical Records? Sima Qian
(former 145- former 90) Historian and writer of the Western Han Dynasty. Zichang, Zuo Fengyi, was born in xia yang (now southwest of Hancheng, Shaanxi). Born in the fifth year of Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty (145 BC), born in the sixth year of Emperor Jian Yuan of Han Dynasty (135 BC), died in 90 BC at the age of 55.
Sima Qian 10 years old began to study ancient literature biographies. During Yuan Guang and Yuan Shuo of Han Dynasty, he studied under the modern writer Dong Zhongshu's "The Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ram" and the ancient prose writer Kong Anguo. At the age of 20, he roamed south from Chang 'an, the capital, and traveled all over the Jianghuai Valley and the Central Plains, where he visited local customs and collected legends. Soon, he became a doctor, bodyguard and retinue of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and accompanied him to the Western Seas many times, and sent envoys to Bashu.
In the third year of Yuanfeng (BC 108), Sima Tan, the stepfather of Sima Qian, was the official of Taishi, in charge of astronomical calendar and royal atlas, so it depends on the books collected by historians. In the first year of Taichu (before 104), he, Luo and others customized calendars to replace the Zhuan Xu calendar inherited by Qin, and the new calendar adapted to the needs of the society at that time.
From then on, Sima Qian began to write historical records. Later, he was convicted, imprisoned and rotted for defending Li Ling who surrendered to Xiongnu. After he was released from prison, he worked as a secretary, continued to write angrily, and finally finished the writing of Historical Records. People call his book Taishi Gongshu. It is the first biography of China, which has a far-reaching influence on later historiography. Historical Records has vivid language and vivid image, and is also an excellent literary work. Sima Qian also wrote a book, Bao Ren 'an, describing his imprisonment and his ambition to write a book, which was praised by all previous dynasties.
Sima Qian is a great historian in the history of China. He was jailed for his outspoken suggestions, but he was even more angry and wrote books, creating historical records of famous historians at all times and all over the world, leaving a precious cultural heritage for the people of China and the people of the world.
One, stepfather, is a historian.
Sima Qian, born in five years (BC 145) at the foot of Longmen Mountain (now Hancheng County, Shaanxi Province), was born in the Han Dynasty.
In the third year of Yuanfeng (BC 108), Sima Qian inherited his father Sima Tan's legacy and became an official, and began to sort out and select historical classics from the Royal Library. Sima Qian's ancestors were not very prominent, and the family was in charge of Taishi's position for generations. But Sima Qian and his father were proud of it. In their minds, compiling history is a lofty cause. They devoted their lives to it.
Sima Tan has been preparing to write a history book linking the past and the present. Under the direct guidance of his father, Sima Qian began to learn ancient Chinese at the age of ten. Later, I studied Chunqiu from Dong Zhongshu and Shangshu from Kong Anguo. Sima Qian studied hard, made rapid progress and was full of learning spirit.
On his deathbed, Sima Qian's father took his son by the hand and said to him with tears: ... After my death, you must continue to be a teacher, and don't forget my lifelong wish to write a general history. You must inherit my career, don't forget! This earnest entrustment greatly shocked Sima Qian. He saw his father's rare sense of mission and responsibility as a historian, and he also knew that his father had pinned his unfinished business on himself. Sima Qian bowed his head with tears in his eyes and replied sadly and firmly: Son, although I have no talent, I will certainly fulfill your wish.
After Sima Qian made the Taishi Order, he had the opportunity to read books and important materials that could not be seen by the outside world. This provided good conditions for him to write historical records in the future. However, data sorting is very complicated. Due to the confusion of books and national archives at that time, even there was no catalogue to consult, Sima Qian had to look for clues from a large number of wooden slips and silk books, and sort out and textual research on historical materials. Over the past few years, Sima Qian has racked his brains and made great efforts to sort out and textual research historical materials almost every day.
Sima Qian has always remembered his father's legacy and is determined to follow Confucius' example in compiling Spring and Autumn Annals and write a historical work that can also be immortal. In BC 104, Sima Qian presided over the revision of the calendar, and at the same time officially began to write his masterpiece Historical Records.
Second, the truth of castration.
In the second year of Tianhan (99 BC), Sima Qian, while writing historical records wholeheartedly, encountered unexpected troubles, namely the Liling incident.
This summer, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent his favorite younger brother, General Li Guang of the Second Division, to crusade against Xiongnu, and another sent Li Guang's grandson Li Ling to accompany Li Guangli to escort the trench. Li Guang led five thousand foot soldiers out of Juyan, and went deep into Jishan alone, suffering from Khan. Xiongnu besieged Li Ling with 80,000 cavalry. Eight days later ... >>
Question 6: Who is the author of Historical Records and from which dynasty? Historical Records is a biographical history book written by Sima Qian, a famous historian in the Western Han Dynasty. It is the first biographical general history in the history of China, and is listed as the first of the "Twenty-four History", which records the history of more than 3,000 years from the legendary Huangdi era to the first year of founding ceremony, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Together with The History of the Later Han Dynasty, The History of the Later Han Dynasty and The History of the Three Kingdoms, they are called "the first four histories".
Question 7: Who is the author of Historical Records? Which dynasty was the author of Historical Records? The author of Historical Records is Sima Qian of the Western Han Dynasty.
At first, there was no fixed title for historical records, which were called "Taishi Gongshu" or "Taishi Gongshu", and also called "Taishi Gongshu" in the province. According to the textual research of known materials, Sima Qian's earliest historical book "Historical Records" is the East China Sea Temple Monument written by Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Previously, Historical Records was a general term for ancient history books. Since the Three Kingdoms, Historical Records has gradually become the proper name of Taishi Gongshu.
During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the kingship was abolished, and the ancient cultural classics were destroyed by the Qin Dynasty, which led to the loss of precious classics in Mingtang and Shishi. After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, Xiao He revised the law, Han Xin affirmed the military law, Zhang Cang formulated the articles of association, and Shu determined the etiquette. Scholars with good personality and knowledge gradually used it, and abandoned ancient books such as poetry and books were constantly collected and given by people who loved literature everywhere.
Question 8: Who is the author of Historical Records? Which dynasty? Sima Qian (former 145 or former 135- former 87? ), Xi * * *, a native of xia yang in the Western Han Dynasty (now Hancheng, Shaanxi, Hejin, Shanxi), was a great historian, writer and thinker in ancient China, and was honored as "Shi Sheng" by later generations. His greatest contribution was the creation of China's first biography, Historical Records (formerly known as Taishi Gongshu). Historical Records records the history of more than 3,000 years from the legendary period of the Yellow Emperor to the first year of founding ceremony, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Sima Qian's historical masterpiece "Historical Records" is the first of the "twenty-five histories" and is praised by Lu Xun as "a historian's swan song, and Li Sao has no rhyme". Understand the characteristics of Sima Qian's works, mainly in the verb.