"Dedication and Happy Industry" is selected from the "Ice Drinking Room Collection" by the modern thinker Liang Qichao. It is a speech preaching the relationship between life and career. The article begins by clearly proposing the main theme of "dedication and enjoyment of work", then discusses the three issues of "career", "dedication" and "enjoyment of work" respectively, and finally summarizes the spiritual purpose with "responsibility" and "fun".
Teaching objectives:
1. Study this speech to make clear arguments and vivid and powerful arguments.
2. Understand the central argument of the article, understand the importance of "dedication" and "enjoyment", and how to achieve dedication and enjoyment.
Teaching key points and difficulties:
1. Understand the structural arrangement of this speech, and appreciate the characteristics of clear layers and clarity.
2. Understand the characteristics of language expression that is simple, accurate, thoughtful, vivid and powerful.
Class schedule:
Two class periods
Teaching process:
First class period
1. Introduction of new Lesson
"Dedication and Happy Industry" was a lecture given by Liang Qichao to the students of Shanghai Zhonghua Vocational School more than seventy years ago. Although more than seventy years have passed, the content of what Mr. Liang Qichao said is very relevant to the students. We are still very educational.
2. Introduction to the author
Liang Qichao (1873-1929), leader and scholar of the modern Chinese reformists. His courtesy name is Zhuoru, his nickname is Ren Gong, and he is also known as the owner of the Ice Drinking Room. A native of Xinhui, Guangdong. Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty promoted people. Together with his teacher Kang Youwei, he advocated reform and reform, and was also known as "Kang Liang". His writings cover politics, economics, philosophy, history, language, religion, culture and art, text phonology, etc. His works are compiled into "The Complete Works of Drinking Ice Room".
3. Guide students to read the text
Requirements:
1. Mark the words you don’t understand and the difficult sentences;
2. Try to summarize the meaning of each paragraph;
3. The text contains many quotations from ancient classics such as "The Analects", "Book of Rites", "Laozi" and "Zhuangzi". Copy these statements one by one and think carefully about their meaning.
Clearly: There are seven paragraphs in the text, and the overall structure is a "one point, one point" formula: the beginning starts with the whole article; then the dedication and happiness are discussed respectively, and the two sub-arguments are parallel; finally Summarize the whole article. The organization is clear and the outline is clear. The full text can be divided into three parts.
The first part (paragraph 1): reveals the center of the entire discussion.
The second part (paragraphs 2 to 6): Discuss the importance of dedication and joy in work.
The third part (paragraph 7): Summarizes the whole article and encourages people to be dedicated and happy in their work.
IV. Study the text content
(1) Study the first part.
Thinking: What is the purpose of explaining the origin of the topic at the beginning of the speech? Which sentence reveals the center of the entire discussion?
Students discuss and communicate.
Clearly: The source of the title is explained at the beginning of the article. The purpose is to explain that although the title comes from two sentences in the ancient books "Book of Rites" and "Laozi", it is different from the original meaning of the original sentence and is "taken out of context." "Made. Such an explanation can not only prevent the listener from confusing the title with the original meaning of the sentences in "Book of Rites" and "Laozi", but also show the scientific nature of the discussion and the interest of the lecture; at the same time, the reason for the title can also be easily revealed. The main points of the discussion will give the listener a general understanding of the outline of the speech.
(2) Study the second part.
1. Read the third and fourth paragraphs. The third and fourth paragraphs of the text discuss the importance of "dedication" and can be used as the first layer of the second part.
Thinking: (1) How does the author explain what "respect" means? (2) How to discuss how to achieve "dedication"?
Students discuss and communicate.
Clarity: In the third paragraph, the author explains what "respect" is. After quoting Zhu Xi's famous saying "If the master is not comfortable, it is respect", followed by his own popular explanation: "Anyone who does something is respectful." To be loyal to one thing, to concentrate all your energy on it, and not to be distracted at all, is to be respectful. "Then it is logical to argue that all human beings' legitimate labor and serious things are "respectable in nature." "Being a president" and "pulling a rickshaw" are both used to prove it. The focus is on "all professions are respectable" and "because of one's own talents and status, if you do a kind of work to perfection, you can do it perfectly." He is the first class person in the world. "
The fourth paragraph discusses how to achieve "dedication". It first quotes and explains the sentences in "Zhuangzi", and then uses the carpenter to make a good table and The two examples of politicians building a country and a nation, dung pickers cleaning the toilets, and soldiers defeating an enemy army pressing down on the border illustrate that no matter what you do, you must "not be divided at all." "Be mindful of things other than things" (i.e. "dedication").
Then he discussed the harm of "a person who is disrespectful to his profession" from the negative side, pointing out that "professionalism is the most necessary and most beneficial to life", and quoted the famous sayings of Zhuangzi and Confucius to further emphasize the importance of professionalism. The natural combination of examples and quotations makes the article's reasoning invincible.
2. Read the fifth and sixth paragraphs aloud. These two paragraphs discuss the importance of "happy industry" and serve as the second layer of the second part.
Thinking: What examples does the author give to discuss the importance of "happy industry" and how does he discuss the principle of "happy industry"?
Students discuss and communicate.
Clearly: In the fifth paragraph, the author analyzes the example of lamenting "hard work" that is often encountered in life, explaining that to "find happiness from hard work", it is natural to reach the point of "enjoying work" "The "fun". The sixth paragraph goes a step further and discusses the principle of "enjoyment in industry". It explains in four points that "all occupations are interesting." This is the author's experience and convincing. Then he quoted two famous sayings of Confucius to further prove that "life can be interesting from one's own occupation" (that is, happiness in work), "only life has value", and "this kind of life" can be regarded as "the ideal life of mankind".
5. Summary
The second part of the speech focuses on understanding what dedication is, why we should be dedicated, and what we should do to be dedicated.
6. Assign homework
1. Exploration exercise 2.
2. Choose to practice in class.
Second Lesson
1. Review old lessons and check recitation
Students recite "I will tell you honestly...it is really an ideal life for human beings" . "
2. Continue to study the third part of the text
Students read the seventh paragraph.
Clearly: Based on his own personal experience, the author points out that "responsibility" and "interest" are most closely related to "dedication" and "enjoyment": "responsibility" means "dedication" and "interest" It is "enjoyment". He believes that one must have a sense of responsibility and be good at "getting fun out of work." "A person who treats his or her career with a sense of responsibility, fun, dedication and joy in his or her career, and concentrates on achieving perfection is a "reasonable human life." The final sentence is "I hope you will benefit from it with me!" Use short sentences. The sentence, with an exclamatory tone, is full of ardent expectations for the young students who are listening, with strong and sincere feelings.
3. Exploration Activities
(1) Thinking: The author is in the article. There are many opinions about dedication and happiness in work. Which point do you believe in the most? Do you have any different opinions? Tell us the reasons for your opinion.
Students work in groups, discuss and communicate. .
Clear: The opinions in the article are as follows:
1. The four words "dedication and dedication" are the only way to live a human life.
2. . Human beings work for life, and they also live for labor.
3. There is no profession that is not sacred.
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5. In life, you have to work every day.
6. Working is a virtue, not working is a sin.
7. Because of your own talents. State, if you do a kind of work to perfection, you are the first class person in the world.
8. Whenever you do something, regard it as your life, no matter what other benefits it has. , I am not willing to sacrifice what I am doing in exchange for him.
9. Dedication is the most necessary and most beneficial to life.
10. From hard work. Find happiness.
10. Every career is interesting. As long as you continue to do it, the fun will happen naturally.
13. Because the achievement of every career is inseparable from struggle; strive step by step to increase the weight of happiness from hard work.
14. Life is valuable only if you can appreciate the fun in your career.
15. Dedication is responsibility, and joy in work is fun.
The students’ answers can be whether they agree or disagree; the key is to be meaningful, reasonable, and well-founded. The purpose is to deepen the understanding of the article through discussion.
(2) Make information cards.
Let students find their favorite sentences or sentences with profound meaning in the article and make them into information cards. The source and type of card should be indicated; the writing should be clear and standardized.
IV. Summary
1. Central meaning: This speech puts forward the topic of "dedication and happiness in work" based on the actual situation of the listeners, and discusses in depth the importance of dedication and happiness in work. , sincerely hope that everyone will carry forward the spirit of dedication and contentment and live a reasonable human life.
2. Writing characteristics.
(1) The argument is clear and the arguments are vivid and powerful.
This speech puts forward the topic at the beginning, the middle body part discusses the importance of dedication and happiness in work in two levels, and the whole article is summarized at the end. The organization is very clear. In the process of proving the argument, a variety of arguments are cited: examples from life, examples from ancient and foreign works, fruitful experiences from the author's personal experience, and famous aphorisms from ancient people that have been passed down to this day. The selected use of these arguments makes the speech concrete, vivid and persuasive.
(2) The language is simple and clear, accurate and thoughtful, and the summary is powerful. Use concise short sentences throughout the speech, rarely use long sentences; use mostly spoken language, as clear as words, and understand it as soon as you hear it; when quoting ancient texts, pay attention to making the profound into the shallow. At the same time, the article uses hypothetical questions and rhetorical questions many times, quotes many ancient famous aphorisms, and refines many penetrating aphorisms, all of which make the language appear concise and powerful.
5. Assign homework
1. Recite the sixth paragraph of the text.
2. Choose to practice in class.