Cai Lun (around 75 AD-12 1)
Zi, a native of Guiyang County, Dong Wen, was a small yellow door first, then a constant waiter, and was still young, in charge of the royal manual workshop. He summed up the experience of hemp fiber papermaking since the Western Han Dynasty, improved papermaking technology and made high-quality paper "Cai Hou Paper". Papermaking is one of the four great inventions of ancient science and technology in China, which has made great contributions to the spread of world civilization.
Zhang Heng (AD 78- 139)
A scientist and writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty, a native of Nanyang, Henan Province, once served as Taishiling, in charge of astronomy and proficient in astronomical calendar calculation. He created the world's earliest astronomical instrument, the armillary sphere and the seismograph for measuring earthquakes, correctly explained the cause of the solar eclipse for the first time, and realized that the universe was infinite.
Hua tuo (about 145-208)
Zi Hua, a native of Bo County, Anhui Province, was an outstanding physician in ancient China. He is the first doctor in the world to perform abdominal surgery under general anesthesia, and has successfully performed major operations such as abdominal tumor resection. He also created a set of "Five Birds Play", which is a set of health gymnastics imitating the movements of five animals, such as tigers, deer, bears, apes and birds. Hua tuo was later killed by Cao Cao. His medical book has been written.
Zu Chongzhi (429-500)
Wen Yuan, whose ancestral home is john young (now Laishui County, Hebei Province), was an outstanding scientist in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and made outstanding contributions in the fields of mathematics, astronomical calendar and machinery manufacturing. Zu Chongzhi calculated pi to seven decimal places for the first time in the history of mathematics in the world, and together with his son Zu Muheng, he deduced the volume formula of the ball. At the age of 36, Zu Chongzhi revised the calendar and compiled the advanced Da Ming Calendar. He also designed and manufactured the use of water power.
Bi yi (? About 105 1)
A civilian inventor in Song Dynasty invented movable type printing, one of four great inventions of ancient china, which greatly improved the printing efficiency. Movable type printing has become a means of scientific revival in the world and the most powerful lever to create the necessary premise for the development of spiritual civilization.
Shen Kuo (1031-1095)
Scientists and politicians in the Northern Song Dynasty, born in Qiantang, Hangzhou (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang). He has made outstanding contributions in many fields. In astronomy, he formulated the "twelve-year calendar" with solar terms as the moon. In physics, he discovered * * * vibration phenomenon, magnetic declination phenomenon and concave mirror imaging law. In geology, he made the conclusion of land and sea changes according to fossil phenomena.
Guo Shoujing (1231-1316)
Astronomer, hydraulic scientist and mathematician in Yuan Dynasty, born in Xingtai, Shunde (now Xingtai, Hebei). He once participated in the excavation of Tonghui River and managed the water conservancy in the Yellow River basin. He participated in compiling the chronograph calendar and created many astronomical instruments. The "simple instrument" he created greatly improved the observation accuracy, leading the world for more than 300 years. He also reformed many astronomical phenomena, such as Yang Yi, Gao Biao and Hou Ji Yi.
Li Shizhen (15 18— 1593)
Qi zhou (now Qichun, Hubei), an outstanding medical scientist in Ming Dynasty, was born in a medical family. He found that there were many mistakes and omissions in the previous book Materia Medica, so he decided to reorganize Materia Medica. He consulted farmers, fishermen, woodcutters and drug farmers, consulted more than 800 kinds of medical literature in past dynasties, identified and verified drugs, and corrected mistakes in ancient books. * * * recorded drugs 1892 kinds, 52 volumes,1900,000 words. This is an outstanding medical work, which has made great contributions to pharmacology and taxonomy.
Song (1587- 1634)
The word Chang Geng, a newcomer in Jiangxi, once served as an Oracle in Jiangxi Province. During his tenure, he systematically summarized the production technology of agriculture and handicrafts at that time, and wrote China ancient science and technology encyclopedia "Tiangong Wu Kai". The book has eighteen volumes, covering diet, clothing, printing and dyeing, pottery making and mining. The production and operation process of smelting, weapons, ships and cars, paper and ink, brewing, pearl jade and other departments 18, with more than 200 precious illustrations. Tiangong Wu Kai has been lost in China for a long time, but it has been circulated in Japan. After the Revolution of 1911, Japan returned to the motherland. This book has been translated into many foreign languages and occupies a certain position in the history of world science and technology.
Zhan Tianyou (1861-1919)
China, an outstanding railway engineer, was born in Wuyuan, Anhui Province (now Jiangxi Province). He studied in the United States in his early years and engaged in railway construction after returning to China. In 2009, he presided over the construction of China's first self-built railway-Jing-Zhang Railway. He used herringbone lines according to local conditions to reduce the number of projects and adopted the "shaft construction method".
Hou (1890— 1974)
Chemist, member of Technical Department of China Academy of Sciences, Minhou, Fujian. He used to be the chief engineer and director of Tanggu Li Yong Alkali Plant and Nanjing Li Yong Ammonium Sulfate Plant. After liberation, he served as vice chairman of China Association for Science and Technology and vice minister of chemical industry. In 1939, he put forward the continuous process of combined soda production for the first time, which made a certain contribution to soda ash and nitrogen fertilizer industry. In foreign countries, his method of making alkali is called "Hou method". His main job is "making alkali".
Li Siguang (1889— 197 1)
Geologist, a native of Huanggang, Hubei Province, has long been engaged in paleontology, glaciology and geomechanics. His most important contribution is to establish geomechanics, study the phenomenon of crustal movement from the mechanical point of view, and explore the laws of crustal movement and mineral distribution. He used geomechanics to analyze the geological structural characteristics in eastern China, and pointed out the possibility of oil storage in Neocathaysian structural system, which provided theoretical guidance for oil exploration. He was the first to study China Glacier, and thought that there were Quaternary Glaciers in China. In earthquake prediction, he also.
Zhu Kezhen (1890 ——1974)
Shangyu, Zhejiang, the founder of modern meteorology and geography in China. He has a profound study on the relationship between typhoon and phenology and climate. His Phenology is an outstanding scientific paper. He is the author of "Preliminary Study on Climate Change in China in the Last Five Thousand Years" and "World Climate Fluctuation in Historical Period", which has profoundly discussed the historical changes of climate and won high praise from meteorologists all over the world.
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