Qu Yuan's surname is Ping and Chu's surname is also (1). Drawing for Chu Huaiwang (2). Knowledgeable, strong-willed, know how to control chaos and be good at rhetoric. When he entered the DPRK, he negotiated with the king about state affairs and gave orders; When you go out, you have to meet guests and deal with princes. Wang is willing to do it. Shangguan doctors are in the same column, competing for favor and hurting energy (3). Chu Huaiwang made Qu Yuan a constitutional decree (4), and Qu Ping's draft is pending (5).
When the Shangguan doctor saw it and tried to take it away, Qu Ping refused, saying, "Everyone knows that you made Qu Ping an expensive order. Every time I give an order, I will categorically say,' I can't do it without doing it'. " The king was angry and shunned Qu Ping.
King Chu Ping refused to listen to his illness, and flattery covered up the Ming Dynasty. This evil song hurts the public, and Fang Zhengzhi can't stand it. So he wrote Li Sao with sadness and meditation (6). People who are "Li Sao" still have a lingering fear. The husband of heaven, beginning of life; Parents are the foundation of people. If you are poor, you will carry your roots, so you will be very tired. The illness was terrible, so I didn't hesitate to call my parents (7). It is a pity that Qu Ping went straight on the right path, exhausted his loyalty and wisdom, and served the monarch. Believe and see doubt, be loyal and slander, can you have no complaints? Qu Ping's Li Sao is full of remorse (8). The "national wind" is lewd but not lewd, and "Xiaoya" is resentful but not chaotic. If it is Li Sao, it can be said that it is both. People call Di Ku, the next Qi Huan. In the soup, the martial arts are furious and stab the world (9). The morality of the Ming Dynasty was widely respected, and the chaos was treated consistently, which was not obvious (10). His words are implicit, his ambition is clean, and his actions are mean. Its name is small but its meaning is big, and its analogy is profound (1 1). Wu Fang (12) because of his pure ambition; It is cheap, so it is not allowed to die. Cicadas slough in muddy mud, but float dust, which is not loved by the world, and it is also muddy without me (13). Push this ambition, although it is as glorious as the sun and the moon.
Qu Yuan is short of money (14). Later, Qin wanted to cut Qi, and Qi and Chu were close relatives, from which Wang benefited (15). Therefore, Zhang Yi pretended to go to the State of Qin, and Hou Qian entrusted the State of Chu (16), saying, "Qin hates Qi, Qi and Chu are close relatives, and Chu is definitely Qi, and Qin is willing to offer merchants and land for 600 Li (17)." Being insatiable and believing in Zhang Yi, he is absolutely Qi, making him like Qin. Zhang Yi lied: "It's about six miles with you, but six hundred miles is unknown." Chu made him very angry and returned to Wang Huai. The king of Qi was furious, and Daxing division attacked Qin. When Qin Fa-bing attacked, he defeated the strategist of Chu State, Xi, beheaded 80,000 people, and captured Hanzhong of Chu State (18). Nai sent China soldiers into the state of Qin to fight in Lantian (19). Wei attacked Chu to Deng (20). Chu soldiers were afraid and came back from Qin. But Qi was angry, and without saving Chu, Chu was trapped. Next year (2 1), Qin will cut Hanzhong and Chu will make peace. The king of Chu said, "If you don't want to get the land, you'd better get Zhang Yi." Upon hearing this, Zhang Yiwen said, "Take Yizhi as the land of Hanzhong, please go far to Chu." Such as Chu, but also because of the thick currency minister Jin Shang (22), and in the favorite sophistry. Chu Huaiwang listened to Zheng Xiu and released Yi Cheung. At that time, because Qu Yuan was absent, Qi looked back (23) and advised, "Why not kill Zhang Yi?" Wang Huai regrets, chasing yi cheung, not as good as.
Later, the warlord * * * attacked Chu, broke it and killed his general Tang Yi (24). At that time, King Qin Zhao married Chu (25) and hoped to meet Chu Huaiwang. Wang Huai wanted to do this, and Qu Ping said, "The state of Qin, a land of tigers and wolves, cannot be trusted. It is better not to do it. " Wang Huai's youngest son Zilan advised Wang Xing: "Why not Qin Huan!" Die pregnant with the king. When he entered Wuguan (26), Qin's ambush was definitely behind him, because he was pregnant with the king in order to divide the land. Wang Huai was angry and refused to listen. Zhao is not included (27). After the restoration of Qin, he died in Qin and was buried.
Wang Li, the eldest son, accepted his disciple Lan as Ling Yin (28). The Chu people blamed Zilan for persuading Wang Huai to enter Qin without opposing it. Qu Ping was jealous of it, although he released it (29), he cared about Chu and thought about the king, and he never forgot to oppose it. I'm glad one of you realized that a custom has changed. Save the king and rejuvenate the country, but want to repeat the old trick. In an article, it leads to three goals. However, there is nothing to do and it cannot be violated. This is a way for a pawn to see the end of his life.
No one is ignorant, wise and virtuous. He wants to be loyal and self-reliant and help others. However, the so-called loyal ministers are heartless, and the so-called sages are heartless. Chu Huaiwang was confused and deceived by Yi Cheung, and trusted Doctor Shangguan and your son Yin in Quping. He lost his soldiers, died in Qin, and laughed all over the world. I don't know about human disasters. Yi said: "I don't eat well, because I'm worried, so I draw." Wang Ming was blessed by it (3 1). " How blessed is the king's ignorance! When Yin heard about it, she flew into a rage. The pawn made the Shangguan doctor lack Qu Yuan to help the king. King Xiang moved away in a rage. As for Qu Yuan's Riverside, it was published in (32), with a haggard color and a haggard description. When the fisherman saw this scene, he asked, "Isn't this son Dr. San Lv?" ? Why are you here? Qu Yuan said, "It's cloudy, and I'm alone. Everyone is drunk, I am alone, I can let go. " The fisherman said, "A man is a saint. He can coexist with the world without clinging to things. The world is cloudy, why not go with the flow and raise its waves? Everyone is drunk, why not give them a drink? Why hold Yu's hand and let him see it as (35)? " Qu Yuan said: I heard that the new bather plays the crown and the new bather shakes his clothes. People and who can observe with their own bodies, and those who accept things are ignorant (36)? It's better to bury it in the stomach and ears of a river fish. What's more, how can I be white and warm (37)? "is the Huai Sha fu (volume 38). So Shi Huai died in Miluo (39).
After the death of Qu Yuan, the followers of Chu Ci, Song Yu, Le Tang and Jing Ke, all loved writing, and were called Fu Jian (40). However, all ancestors dared not directly remonstrate with Qu Yuan in the end. Later, it was cut by Chu and Japan, but it was destroyed by Qin for decades (4 1). After Qu Yuan's sinking into Miluo for more than one hundred years, Jia Sheng was born in Han Dynasty and became the King of Changsha (42). Crossing Xiangjiang River, throwing books to hang Qu Yuan (43).
Tai Shigong said (44): "I have read Li Sao, Tian Wen and Evocation and Mourning, and I feel sorry for my ambition (45). Suitable for Changsha. After Qu Yuan sank, I couldn't help crying and wanted to see him. When Jia Sheng hanged him, he accused Qu Yuan of traveling with other materials to his ministers. Why did the country not allow it, but he ordered it! Reading "On the Ostrich", life and death are the same. If you go into battle lightly, you will lose yourself (46). "
Selected from punctuation history books of Zhonghua Book Company.
To annotate ...
(1) Chu surname: The original surname of the Chu royal family was Mi (mǐ mi), and the son of Xiongtong was blocked, so his descendants took Qu as their surname, and the ancestor of Qu Yuan was Qu Yuan. Chu royal family has the same surname. Qu, Jing and Zhao all share the same surname as the Chu royal family.
② Chu Huaiwang: Xiong Huai, son of Chu Weiwang, reigned from 328 BC to 299 BC. Left: The official name of Chu, ranking second only to Lingyin.
Knowledgeable and strong-willed: knowledgeable and strong in memory. Ambition, as clear as "remembering", governs chaos: knowing the truth of the state governing chaos.
(3) Doctor Shangguan: Doctor Chu. Shangguan, compound surname.
(4) Constitutional order: an important decree of the state.
(5) Genus (zhǔ main): writing.
(6) Li Sao: Qu Yuan's masterpiece, a long poem describing his life. There are two theories about the topic of poetry. The word "Li" is interpreted as "bitterness", and Li Sao is bitterness. The second is to interpret "leaving" as parting, and leaving Sao is the sadness of parting.
(7) anti-book: remember the roots. Reverse, pass "back" Sadness (Dada): Sadness.
(8) Cover: a conjunction used to explain the reason.
(9) Di Ku (Ku): The name of the emperor in ancient legends. According to legend, Qi Huangong, the great-grandson of the Yellow Emperor, was named Gao Xin and Qi Huan. He was one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period, and his reign lasted from 685 BC to 643 BC. T: The founding monarch of Shang Dynasty. Wu: It means that the Shang Dynasty was destroyed and the Western Zhou Dynasty was established.
(10) Coherence: Organization and Truth. "see" and "now"
(1 1) means: same as "purport". Er (R ear): Near. "see" and "now"
(12) Calling things fragrant refers to the metaphor of orchids, osmanthus, Hui, Zhi and other fragrant flowers and plants in Lisao.
(13) Sparse: Leave. Zhuonao (zhuó nào): Dirty. Tui tui: This means to get rid of them. Gain: defile. Zi: Tong Zi, black. Haze (called jiào) is natural: white appearance. Nie Nie: Tong "Nie", verb, dyed black. Me (zǐ Zi): dirty and black.
(14) shortage (chù): pass "ù", scrap and recall. Refers to Qu Yuan being dismissed as a leftist.
(15) From (zê ng vertical): same as "vertical". From the pro, vertical blind date. At that time, six countries, including Chu and Qi, jointly fought against Qin, which was called Hezong, and was once a vassal. Wang Hui: From 337 BC to 3 BC11year, Qin reigned.
(16) Zhang Yi: Ren Wei advocated the "Lian Heng" and lobbied six countries to serve the State of Qin, which was highly valued by King Hui of Qin. Detailed: pass "false". Committee: Attendance. Quality: Pass the "basket" and pledge.
(17) Shang and Yu (w pollution): Qin place names. Shang, in the southeast of Shangzhou City, Shaanxi Province. Yu, in today's Henan Neixiang East.
(18) Dan and Xi(xρXi): two water names. Freshwater originates in the northwest of Shangzhou City, Shaanxi Province, and flows into Henan in the southeast. Xishui originated in the south of Lushi County and flowed into fresh water southward. Qu Kun: (Beggar's Sect): General Chu. Hanzhong: the area in northwest Hubei and southeast Shaanxi.
(19) Lantian: the name of Qin county, in the west of Lantian, Shaanxi.
(20) Deng: In the Spring and Autumn Period, Cai was the land, then it belonged to Chu, and now it is in dengzhou city, Henan.
(2 1) Next year: it refers to the 18th year of Chu Huaiwang (3 1 1 BC).
(22) Shanxi merchants: Dr. Chu. Say that doctor Shangguan above.
(23) turn back: come back. Reverse, pass "back"
(24) Tang Wei: Chu River. In the 28th year of Chu Huaiwang (30 1 BC), Qin, Qi, Han and Wei attacked Chu and killed Tang Mei.
(25) Zhao Haoqi, King of Qin: son of King Hui of Qin, reigned from 306 BC to 25 BC1year.
(26) Wuguan: the southern gate of Qin State, located in the east of Shangzhou City, Shaanxi Province.
(27) Inner: Same as "Na".
(28) King Qingxiang: Xiong Heng, reigned from 298 BC to 262 BC. Ling Yin: Chief Executive of Chu State.
(29) Although it has been released, the following narrative about Qu Yuan's exile is inconsistent in time and incoherent in meaning, which may be wrong.
(30) World: Thirty years is a lifetime.
(3 1) Yijing: Yijing, also known as Yijing. Is the Book of Changes quoted here? Jinggua's words. Zhong (laugh): Wash away the dirt. Here, clean water is compared to a saint.
(32) quilt: pass "wear". Wearing hair means that it is messy, not combed or tied.
Doctor: an official in charge of Zhao, Qu and Beijing affairs.
(34) Feeding (Shop B): Eat, eat. Bad: wine residue. Sip: Drink. Star anise: thin wine.
(35) Gold and jade: both are beautiful jade. The interrogative modal particle "Wei"
(36) Inspection: the appearance is white. Wen (door) Wen: It looks very muddy.
(37) Hao Hao: Ying Jie's appearance. Moon Hee (Hu Huo): The appearance of dust.
(38) Huai Sha: In this edition of Songs of the South, it is one of the nine chapters. Many people think that Qu Yuan misses Changsha's poems.
(39) Luo: from the northeast of Hunan, it flows through Miluo County and enters Dongting Lake.
(40) Song Yu: According to legend, he was a disciple of Qu Yuan when Chu was king, and works such as Nine Arguments were handed down from generation to generation. Le Tang and Jing Ke: At about the same time as Song Yu, they were both poets at that time.
(4 1) "Decades" sentence: In 223 BC, the Qin Dynasty destroyed Chu.
(42) Jia Sheng: namely Jia Yi (200 BC 168) and Luoyang (now Luoyang East, Henan). Political commentator and writer of the Western Han Dynasty. Changsha King: refers to Wu Cha, the great-grandson of Wu Rui, the founding hero of the Han Dynasty. Teacher: The king's assistant official.
(43) Xiangshui: In today's Hunan Province, it flows into Dongting Lake. Book: refers to Qu Yuan Fu written by Jia Yi.
(44) Tai Shigong: Sima Qian claimed to be.
(45) Tian Wen Evocation and Mourning: All Works of Qu Yuan. The theory of evocation was written by Song Yu. Mourning is one of the nine chapters.
(46) On the Ostrich: By Jia Yi. Go: refers to demotion and exile. Gang: It refers to serving in North Korea.
Edit the translation of this paragraph.
Qu Yuan's real name is Ping, and he has the same surname as the Chu royal family. He used to be a disciple of Chu Huaiwang. He is well-informed and has a good memory. He is familiar with governing the country and the language of diplomatic response. To plan and discuss state affairs with Wang Huai internally and give orders; Receive guests and entertain the prince. Chu Huaiwang trusts him very much.
Doctor Shangguan is of the same rank as him. He wants to please the king and is jealous of Qu Yuan's talent. Chu Huaiwang asked Qu Yuan to make laws and regulations, but Qu Yuan's drafting was not finalized. As soon as Shangguan saw it, he wanted to fight for it. Qu Yuan disagreed, so he slandered Qu Yuan in front of Chu Huaiwang and said, "Your Majesty asked Qu Yuan to make laws and regulations, and everyone knows that. Every time he promulgated the law, Qu Yuan boasted of his contribution and said, "No one can do it except me." Chu Huaiwang was very angry and alienated Qu Yuan.
Qu Yuan was worried that the king was confused by the villain's words and could not tell right from wrong. The villain confused black and white, which made Wang Huai unable to understand. He allowed evil villains to harm just people, but honest gentlemen were not tolerated by the court. Therefore, he was sad and depressed and wrote Li Sao. "Li Sao" means sad. Heaven is the primitive man, and parents are the foundation of man. When people are in trouble, they will miss their roots, so when they are extremely tired and tired, nothing is called heaven; I don't call my parents when I'm not sick or sad. Qu Yuan acted uprightly, tried his best to assist the monarch with loyalty and wisdom, and alienated him with evil villains, which can be said to be a dilemma. Honesty is doubted and loyalty is vilified. Can there be no resentment? Qu Yuan wrote Li Sao because of resentment. Although Guo Feng wrote more about the love between men and women, it was not excessive and inappropriate. Although Xiaoya is full of satire and accusations, it did not promote the uprising. Like Li Sao, it can be said that it has both characteristics. It can be traced back to ancient Di Ku, and is called Qi Huangong in modern times, Shang Tang and Zhou Wuwang in the middle ages to satirize the political affairs at that time. It is fully demonstrated that morality is broad and lofty, and that the state governs the rise and fall of chaos. His writing is simple, his words are implicit, his interests are noble and his behavior is honest. Although the article is small, it is of great significance, and the examples listed are shallow, but the significance is far-reaching. Because of noble interests, the things described in the article are also fragrant, and because of integrity, they will not be tolerated to death by evil forces. He left the muddy water alone, took off filth like a cicada, floated in the world, was not humiliated by the turbid world, kept the quality of light, and emerged from the mud without being stained. It can be inferred from this that Qu Yuan's ambition, even if competing with the sun and the moon, is ok.
Qu Yuan was removed from office. Later, the State of Qin prepared to attack the State of Qi, and the State of Qi and the State of Chu formed a vertical alliance and got along well with each other. This is what Qin is worried about. Zhang Yi was sent to pretend to break away from the State of Qin and give gifts and tokens to the King of Chu. He said to Chu Huaiwang, "Qin hates Qi, but Qi and Chu are married. If Chu can really break up with Qi, Qin is willing to offer a land of 600 miles between Shang and Yu. " Chu Huaiwang became greedy, trusted Zhang Yi, broke with Qi, and then sent messengers to Qin to accept the land. Zhang Yi denied it and said, "I agreed with the King of Chu that it was only 60 Li, but I have never heard of it." The emissary of Chu left Qin angrily and went back to report. Chu Huaiwang was furious and sent troops to crusade against Qin. Qin sent troops to fight back, defeated the Chu army in Danshui and Xishui, killed 80,000 people, captured the general Qu Kun alive, and seized the Hanzhong area of Chu. Chu Huaiwang also mobilized the national army, went deep into the State of Qin to attack the State of Qin, and fought in Lantian. Hearing this, Wei attacked Chu all the way and hit Deng. The Chu army was afraid and retreated from the state of Qin. Qi didn't come to the rescue because he hated Chu, who was in an extremely embarrassing situation. In the second year, Qin cut the land of Hanzhong and made peace with Chu. King Chu said, "I don't want land, I just want Zhang Yi." After hearing this, Zhang Yi said, "Make a land of Hanzhong with Zhang Yi, and I request to go to Chu." When he arrived in the State of Chu, he bribed the Shanxi merchants, the minister of the dynasty, with a lot of gifts, and made up a set of lies in front of the king's pet Zheng Xiu. Chu Huaiwang listened to Zheng Xiu and let Yi Cheung go. At this time, Qu Yuan had been alienated and not served in Korea, but was sent to Qi. When he came back, he advised Chu Huaiwang to say, "Why not kill Zhang Yi?" Chu Huaiwang regretted that it was too late to send someone to kill Yi Cheung.
Later, the governors of various countries jointly attacked Chu, defeated the Chu army and killed Tang Mei, the general of Chu. At this time, Qin Zhao, the king of Chu, married the king of Chu and asked to meet Chu Huaiwang. When Chu Huaiwang was leaving, Qu Yuan said, "Qin is a land of tigers and wolves. You can't trust it. It is better not to go. " Zilan, Chu Huaiwang's youngest son, advised Chu Huaiwang to go, saying, "How can we break off diplomatic relations with Qin!" Chu Huaiwang finally went. As soon as he entered Wuguan, he was cut off by the ambush of Qin, so he detained him and forced him to cede territory. Chu Huaiwang was very angry and refused to listen to Qin's threats. He fled to Zhao, who refused to accept him. I had to go to the state of Qin again, and finally died in the state of Qin, and the body was transported back to Chu for burial.
Chu Huaiwang's eldest son Qing Xiang acceded to the throne and appointed his younger brother Zilan as Lingyin. Chu people complained about Zilan because he suggested that Wang Huai enter the State of Qin, but he didn't come back in the end. Qu Yuan also resented Zilan. Although he was exiled, he still loved Chu, thought of Wang Huai and never forgot to return to the imperial court. He hoped that the monarch would wake up one day and the secular world would change one day. Qu Yuan cares about the king and wants to rejuvenate the country. He has repeatedly considered this issue, which is repeatedly shown in each of his works. However, I was helpless in the end, so I couldn't go back to court. As you can see, Wang Huai never realized.
No monarch, whether stupid or wise, wise or fatuous, does not want to seek loyal ministers to serve him or select talents to assist him. However, the destruction of the country has occurred one after another, and the number of generations of wise monarchs governing the country has not appeared. This is because the so-called loyal ministers are not unfaithful, and the so-called virtuous ministers are not virtuous. Chu Huaiwang was confused by Zheng Xiu at home because he didn't understand the position of loyal minister, and was deceived by Yi Chang outside, alienating Qu Yuan and trusting doctors Shangguan and Ling. His army was defeated, his land was cut, he lost six counties, he was detained and died in the state of Qin, and he was laughed at by the whole world. This is not understanding the harm of people. Yijing said: "The well has been cleaned, and no one has drunk the water inside, which makes me very sad, because well water is for people to drink." If the king is wise, everyone in the world will be blessed. " If the king is not wise, can he still be blessed? Yin was very angry when he learned that Qu Yuan hated him, and finally let Doctor Shangguan speak ill of Qu Yuan in front of Xiang Wang. King Xiang was furious and exiled Qu Yuan.
Qu Yuan came to the river, curled his hair, and walked along Shui Ze chanting. He has a haggard face and a thin body. When the fisherman saw him, he asked, "Aren't you Dr. San Lv? Why did you come here? " Qu yuan said: "the world is turbid, but I am innocent;" Everyone was drunk, and I was the only one awake. So he was exiled. "The fisherman said," The wise people in Tessa are not bound by external things, but can change with the world. The whole world is overcast, why not follow the crowd and add fuel to the fire? Everyone is drunk, why not eat some distiller's grains and drink some thin wine? Why do you want to embrace the quality of Meiyu, but you are exiled? Qu Yuan said, "I heard that people who have just washed their hair must shake the dust off their hats, and people who have just taken a shower must shake the dust off their clothes. Who can let his innocent body be polluted by foreign objects? I'd rather throw myself into a flowing river and bury myself in the belly of a river fish. How can I make my noble quality suffer from secular dirt? " So he wrote Huai Sha Fu. So, he held the stone and threw it into the Miluo River and died.
After Qu Yuan's death, there were Song Yu, Le Tang, Jing Ke and others in Chu. They all loved literature and were praised for their good works. But they all imitated the euphemistic and implicit side of Qu Yuan's rhetoric and never dared to speak out. After that, Chu became weaker and weaker, and was finally destroyed by Qin after decades. More than 0/00 years after Qu Yuan sank into the Miluo River/KLOC, there was a Jia Yi in the Han Dynasty who was a teacher of Changsha King. When passing by Xiangshui, I wrote a tribute to Qu Yuan.
Tai Shigong said: I read Li Sao, Tian Wen, Evocation and Mourning, and I am sorry that his ambition cannot be realized. When I arrived in Changsha, after Qu Yuan sank, I cried and missed him. When I saw Jia Yi's article, I blamed Qu Yuan for lobbying the vassals with his talents. No country would give in, but chose such a path! After reading Fu on the Owl, I treated life and death equally, and abandoned my official as if there was nothing, which made me feel lost.
Language knowledge collation
1. Common word
Anti-detachment-encounter-present reference-purpose-turbidity
Shortage-tolerance-acceptance-vertical quality-objection-return
The record of wearing dragon mud and nie
2. Interpretation of key notional words in classical Chinese
Qu Ping belongs to the undecided verb "zhǔ", which is related to writing and extended.
National subjugation and genocide are subordinate verbs, zh incarnate and connect.
Remembering "entrustment", entrustment and verbs belongs to writing.
She mastered the guitar at the age of thirteen, and her name ranked first on the list of musicians.
In the bone marrow, the command belongs to the helpless verb and has the final say.
Ningyue has nouns and categories ... belonging to. These people.
I belong to the present, and it is also a noun, which is used after people to express the plural. My genus, we.
The expression and Su and Huang Dou are not verbs, but they are very similar.
If it belongs to all and is captured by others, you people.
Cut off every command, cut off its advantages, show off, brag.
Later, Qin wanted to cut verbs, crusade and attack.
Curse verbs with words and strokes, condemn.
Cutting wood and burning charcoal is a verb in Nanshan.
Go to the army to cut the plot, then cut the cross, and then cut the soldiers.
The attack of the five tyrants is also a noun and a feat.
Dispel Wang Nu and disperse Qu Ping verbs, alienate each other.
Sparse is beauty, dense is stateless adjective, sparse.
Remove the top with a golden cage, thin out its functional verbs, state and read the old.
On the accumulation and memorial of sparse nouns, the style of ancient ministers writing letters to monarchs, and the old reading of shù.
Annotation nouns in the Thirteen Classics, a kind of annotation, are words annotated with "annotations", which were pronounced shù in the old days.
People who leave Li Sao are still worried, and then "Li" is a verb, meaning "suffering", suffering. Another example is "Uncle Heqiong": "The crime of leaving Huan."
Verbs about balance, discreteness and separation.
If there is any deviation, it is advisable to deviate from the verbs in the picture.
Emotional parting verbs have existed since ancient times, separation and parting.
Parents, people are also nouns, fundamental.
Putting the cart before the horse noun, original meaning: the root of vegetation.
This refers to agriculture, which is a fundamental and basic thing or aspect.
This is called losing the original adjective, original.
The adverb "Ben" is in the south of Jizhou.
From then on, all the records of ancient books are printed nouns, manuscripts and versions.
Today, we can't bear to waste nouns, manuscripts and manuscripts.
People who use buds say pronouns in this book, this and this.
If you stop printing three or two copies, it is not a simple quantifier.
The adverbs of Chen Ben Buyi are Ben (yes) and Ben (yes). Say, verb, from.
Verbs that inhibit its success or failure, inference and investigation.
Pushing this ambition is also a noun, ambition and heart, although it is competing with the sun and the moon.
In an article, there are three nouns and wishes.
Have a good understanding of verbs and learn to remember them. For example, nouns and memories.
Its ambition is clean, its behavior is cheap, and it is interesting.
Strange verbs and descriptions from a strange studio.
The noun "Selected Records of Ji Xiang" indicates a way of recording.
It means that although the text is small, it refers to a huge noun, which is connected with "purport", meaning and purport.
Refers to nouns, such as peeled onion roots and fingers.
There are flaws in the jade. Please indicate the verbs and point them out.
People close to you condemn the crime of cutting. They refer to southern verbs.
Bang ... hair means verb, stand upright, stand up.
Adverbs indicating southern Henan are always direct.
Literal nouns, knowledge, knowledge and experience.
Suddenly I heard an insect chirping verb outside the door, and I heard it.
At first, I couldn't stop the tears from pouring down my coat. I heard the verb (cháng).
Those who can slander the market and hear my ears, use verbs to make … listen.
Before I was born, I knew and understood my verbs, before I heard them.
An unknown person is a noun, prestige and reputation in Kuang Caoye.
Nothing. slaughter is famous for strange verbs.
Take the king to heart for the sake of cutting land.
After two days, Wei Yang gave an order to expel the guests.
Sir, pay attention to verbs, pay attention and care.
I am doomed to die today, and my soul will go to the corpse to save verbs, save and keep them.
The verb to leave angrily is exile.
The characteristic of the bus is to worship the doctor, and then move the Taishiling verb to transfer the official position, indicating promotion.
Move Jiujiang county to move Sima verbs and mobilize official positions. Move to the left: demote an official.
The Qi people never paid bribes to the State of Qin, and finally moved verbs after the Five Kingdoms, changing and changing.
Fight, defend and move, it is better to use verbs, move and move the capital.
Father, fisherman and father called it a noun, f incarnation, which was an ancient title for the elderly.
Yu's father, with a purely paternal noun, preached "fu" and pronounced it "f incarnation", which was a laudatory name of the ancients and attached to his name.
Xiang Bo, father is also a noun, (uncle) father, father.
Those who play a new bath must play the crown verb and tap with their fingers.
Don't leave us. Come, sit down. Play it for us again. Verb, play.
And trying to store ammunition can also be a noun, a general term for bows and arrows, shells and bombs.
Jealousy is a verb that hurts the competition for favor and hurts its ability.
The harm of evil songs is also due to the use of public verbs.
But if you want to die, you no longer care about those nouns and evil.
3. Flexible use of parts of speech
Qu Ping's inability to listen attentively also means that verbs are used flexibly as nouns, sense of hearing and hearing, and also refers to people's intelligence and judgment.
Flattery is also used as a noun to slander others.
The harm of evil songs is also adjectives used as nouns, evil villains.
Adjectives are not allowed to be used as nouns in Fang Zhengzhi, which is from Fang Zhengzhi.
The widespread worship of moral adjectives in Ming Dynasty is expounded as verbs.
Cicada slough in turbid cicada: noun as adverbial, like cicada. Foul: When adjectives are used as nouns, it pollutes the environment.
Thick coins are used as adverbials to specify qualitative nouns. ...
No, my mud is used as a verb, niè, living in the mud.
Later, Chu and daily use nouns as adverbials, and every day.
The subjugation of the country and the genocide is accompanied by the causative usage of verbs, which makes ... perish and destroy.
At that time, the noun married to Chu was used flexibly as a verb, which became a smoke at the wedding.
Confused by Zheng Xiu inside, cheated by Yi Cheung outside. Nouns as adverbials are found both at home and abroad.
The physical guest died as an adverbial, like a guest. For example, as a guest.
The pawn made the Shangguan doctor miss Qu Yuan, treating the adjectives as verbs, saying shortcomings and slandering people.
Defending the monarch and rejuvenating the country, a verb that wants to recover, is used to make ... stay and create ... flourish.
I don't want to be loyal to myself. I want to use adjectives as nouns, loyal subjects and talented people.
Qu Yuan's leisure rhetoric nouns are used as verbs, parodies and parodies. One is conative usage.
4. Some compound words
Know how to control chaos, know how to use words (the emphasis is on "control", which is synonymous with "control")
Similarities and differences between ancient and modern words
Think that "I can't do it without doing it" is also synonymous with ancient and modern times: think.
Next year, the Qin Dynasty will cut the land of Hanzhong, the sum of Chu and Yi: the year after next. Meaning: the next year of this year.
Sophisticating Wang Huai's favorite Zheng Xiu: fraudulent remarks. Modern meaning: unreasonable sophistry, verb.
Why not? The ancient meaning of Qin Huan: Why, why. Modern meaning: deal with, deal with, such as "you can't do anything about him" and "nothing can be done"
Its ancient meaning: return to (Chu) and return to (country). Say, reverse and repeat. This means: over and over again; Disturbed and depressed; A situation of repetition.
Gaunt, ancient: face. Face, face. Color, look. Another example: the night passed, the night came and her beauty disappeared. Modern significance: the impression produced when the light wave of an object passes through vision.
The ancient meaning of describing dryness: shape, shape. Capacity, appearance. Another example is "Lin Daiyu enters Jia Fu": "The third one is not enough, and the description is still less." Modern meaning: describe the shape or nature of people or things.
But it can change with the times: change. Meaning: move.
The ancients' recognition of Qu Yuan's calm rhetoric: this refers to the moderation of speech acts. Another example is "always calm and calm." It has been said that "calmness" means being a man and doing things. Modern meaning: unhurried, unhurried and as cool as a cucumber. For example, the idiom "take your time".
5. Sentence features
A people who commented on the sentence of Li Sao are still worried.
Elliptic sentences are absolute (in) (omitting prepositions)
And because of the thick coins (bribes), I am a happy businessman (province)
Give an order with (it) (save the prepositional object)
C passive sentence founder is not allowed
Believe and see doubt, be loyal and slander.
I died in Qin, laughing at the world ... let me see it myself.
Inverted sentences and sophistry in Zheng Xiu, Wang Huai's favorite (prepositional phrase postposition)
The pawn made the Shangguan doctor lack Qu Yuan and assisted the Qing king.
In order to attack Qin deeply, the war was fought in Lantian.
The widespread worship of Mingde (attributive postposition, one saying, non-attributive postposition)
It doesn't matter who can observe with his own body and who receives something.
Know how to deal with confusion and how to use words (preposition-object phrases)
Cicadas shed in filth and float from dust (ditto).
The Chu people accused Zilan of persuading Wang Huai to enter Qin without opposing it (ditto).
I want to be loyal and do it myself (the pronoun "Zi" in the negative sentence is the object, and "wéi" is opposite to the following "self-help")
E fixed structure
But Qin Huan (doubt, how also won't. )
Ann can understand Hao and Hao, but the world is warm. )
6. Idioms and allusions
Holding Yu's Chu Ci? Nine tones? Huai Sha: "Huai Jin holds it, and I don't know what poverty is." Wang Yi's note: "Clothes are for the bosom, and care about the grip; Jin, Yu, also. " Metaphor means that people have a pure and beautiful personality.
Have good knowledge and strong will to write this article. Wide knowledge and strong memory. Also called "erudition", "erudition" and "Book of Rites"? At the ceremony, I said, "Be knowledgeable and diligent in doing good."
Go with the flow and tell this article well. Metaphor is unprincipled.
Make a crown and shake your clothes to write this article. Neat clothes.
With the passage of time, The Songs of Chu? Fisherman. Change with the change of the world to keep up with the times. 155