How to do a good job in quality management Chapter 1 Step 1: Cultivate three kinds of consciousness
As a quality training, the most talked about is what quality is and how to do it well. Often you are thirsty on the stage and the students want to sleep. After the training, the students whispered to each other and finally summed up a sentence: good is good, but it is not practical for us! As a coach, I am half dead again.
I have also trained in the enterprise what is quality, which is actually a simple sentence: quality = conscience+responsibility, so that trainees can easily remember and understand. Sometimes employees themselves will ask, I took the company's money and didn't do a good job. Is it worthy of my conscience? If you do something you didn't do well, it will cause great losses to the company and make your conscience worse, and the production and quality inspection personnel will also ask questions. With this awareness and proper guidance, this quality reason is not difficult to control. As long as you have a little sense of responsibility, this kind of quality accident will not happen. Because China people have a habit of being afraid of hurting their conscience. They will take the initiative to ask you, how to improve your quality in the future? At this time, having a willing son can teach you, and you can cultivate three kinds of consciousness of employee quality!
The first is the consciousness of self-examination. The quality of products is made, not tested. The secret of production quality control is: let everyone make their own products. Employees are required to conduct self-inspection on the products they produce, and only the products they think are qualified can flow to the next working procedure or workshop. Non-conforming products found in self-inspection shall be identified by themselves and placed separately.
The second is mutual inspection awareness. For the products transferred from the previous process or other workshops, employees and quality inspectors must pass the inspection before production, and timely feedback should be given to the quality problems found in the previous process or other workshops. Resolutely do not make defective products, do not accept defective products, and do not pass on defective products.
The third is the awareness of special inspection. After self-inspection and mutual inspection, the production supervisor can instill in full-time inspectors that employees should also carry out production while doing self-inspection and special inspection. As a full-time inspector-quality inspector, you should have a strong sense of quality control. Quality inspectors should communicate better with production personnel; Accept the good experience and methods of production managers with an open mind.
Step 2: Strictly follow the process control.
As for quality control, I think quality can only be controlled by following process control; Therefore, when teaching a friend, I asked him to keep up with the process control.
The first is the first inspection control. Before the product goes online, the team leader, quality inspector and employees must be required to carefully verify the materials to be put into production; Confirm whether the performance of the equipment used is stable and intact. Then three products are produced in small batches to confirm whether the products are qualified. Start production after passing the test. If you are unqualified, you must find the reason, and you can't mass-produce until you are qualified.
The second is inspection control. In the production process, managers and quality inspectors should conduct spot checks on products, and pay 80% attention to weak links in production, such as novice employees, key equipment and key positions.
The third is the final inspection control. At the time of take-up/completion, it is necessary to focus on controlling the final product, and employees often get impatient at this time. I once touched something, and now I'm afraid to think of it. When an employee was about to leave work, he still lacked a product to pack, so he found a nonconforming product, had it repaired by someone, and packed it directly without passing the inspection personnel. Immediately corrected by the team leader, the product has serious quality defects. What's more, when the products are closed/completed, there are still some products waiting to be repaired, so the faster the work is completed, the stricter the control!
Step 3: Add two more "three noes" weapons.
Quality control in the production process is either rising or falling. To realize the long-term stability of quality management, managers must carry two "three noes": three noes and three noes in quality.
First, the movement of "three analyses and three passes".
1: Do not let go of the reasons for anomalies and irregularities;
2. The responsible person does not find it, does not educate, and does not let go;
3. Do not formulate corrective and preventive measures.
At the morning meeting every day, we should analyze the quality problems that appeared and encountered in yesterday's production, and deeply analyze the harmfulness of these quality problems, so that everyone can fully realize that once unqualified products leave the factory, they will not only have a huge negative impact on enterprises, but also harm the interests of users. Next, it is necessary to analyze the causes of these qualities, trace them back layer by layer, clarify the quality responsibility and find out the loopholes; On this basis, the measures that should be taken are analyzed and put into practice, and the deficiencies are improved in time. During the whole activity, the managers who truly "let go of the reasons, quality responsibilities and corrective measures" should exchange monthly data; Pursue quality improvement a little every day.
For example, the "three-no-let-go" of jxx project has become the corporate culture of this enterprise.
"Three No's" in the Second Quality
1: Do not manufacture defective products;
2. Do not pass the unqualified products to the next working procedure;
3: Non-conforming products of the previous process are not accepted.
Testing method of quality awareness training for all employees in enterprises. The implementation process of the personnel quality awareness test method is as follows: managers look for some unqualified products with inconspicuous quality defects from time to time, write down the numbers or mark them, and mix them with a large number of similar products to see if employees can check them out in time and completely. Those employees who don't have a strong sense of quality and don't work hard often find it difficult to get high marks when they encounter such an "exam" that may be held anytime and anywhere without saying hello in advance. Therefore, if you want to stand the test, there is only one way, and that is to always maintain a high degree of vigilance and responsibility in your work.
How to do a good job in quality management 2 In order to implement the spirit of the education and teaching conference of the county education bureau and firmly establish the awareness of quality and competition, all primary and secondary schools in our town should set off an education and teaching quality year activity in which everyone stresses quality, everyone strives for quality, everyone stresses quality, and quality is the hero.
Principals of all schools are the first responsible persons for teaching quality. They sign responsibility letters for teaching quality objectives at different levels, with clear responsibilities and strict rewards and punishments, and regard the quality assessment results of this school year as an important basis for teachers' assessment, evaluation and final communication. Therefore, from now on, we should establish a sense of crisis, strive for survival and development in the competition, and make the greatest contribution to the further improvement of the quality of education in our town in different posts. According to the development of the education level in our town, we have signed the target responsibility letter of education and teaching quality management with all primary and secondary schools as follows:
First, teaching routine management.
1, the school fully implements the party's education policy, manages schools according to law, manages education according to law, actively implements quality education, promotes students' all-round and harmonious development, and runs schools with characteristics. Open the whole course as required.
2, there is a perfect teaching routine management system, there are specific inspection and evaluation records, inspection records should include achievements, problems, corrective measures, etc. There must be a teaching plan that combines the actual situation of the school.
3, pay attention to the management of classroom teaching, teachers have the basic requirements of preparing lessons, giving lectures, correcting homework, counseling and evaluation and implement them well, and keep relevant materials on file.
4. School leaders should go deep into the front line of teaching, understand the actual situation of classroom teaching, and often attend classes, evaluate classes and take part-time classes.
5. Grasp the training of students, ensure that day students have one hour of homework every day, have appropriate training on weekends and festivals, and carefully check and explain; All units should pass the inspection, lay a solid foundation, and check for leaks.
6 schools should pay close attention to school-based teaching and research activities, vigorously carry out lectures, lectures and class evaluation activities, with everyone participating and recording the facts.
7. We should constantly study our business, earnestly carry out basic skills training, teacher reading, computer training, project research, peer assistance, professional guidance, teaching reflection and teaching cases, and have records of teaching and research activities and teachers' files.
8. All kinds of education and teaching files are standardized and complete.
9, in-depth education and scientific research activities, actively declare scientific research topics and write papers, and achieved remarkable results.
10, take an active part in various competitions organized by higher authorities, and carry out subject competitions in schools. The measures are in place, the counseling is effective and the effect is outstanding.
1 1. Combined with process evaluation, the school is evaluated by the comprehensive scores of unified examination and random examination.
12, with laboratory work management system, experimental operation and safety rules, audio-visual education and sports equipment management system, and implement them one by one.
13. Support the improvement of teachers' continuing education level, and have a teacher training and continuing education plan that is in line with the actual situation of the school and can be implemented.
14. Teachers should abide by professional ethics, improve the level of teachers' ethics, respect students' personality, behave in a civilized and decent manner, maintain close ties between home and school, set an example for others, and pay attention to honesty. No corporal punishment or corporal punishment in disguised form is allowed.
15, the school has perfect drop-out control measures, there is no drop-out phenomenon in primary schools, the annual drop-out rate in junior high schools is controlled within 2, and there are detailed student flow records.
16, there are feasible measures and systems to improve the quality of teaching, and the plan of cultivating excellent students and making up the difference pays attention to actual results and is put in place.
17. Actively participate in all kinds of competitions and intra-school competitions organized by higher authorities. Organize at least 3 intra-school competitions in junior high schools and at least 2 inter-school Chinese and mathematics competitions in primary schools.
18, the school has strict student status management and a perfect system of admission, transfer, suspension and borrowing.
19, there is a system for students to take leave and cancel their leave. If the student is not at school, contact the parents in time.
20. Pay attention to students' development and comprehensive evaluation. Students' growth record bags are rich and varied, and there should be two moral education evaluations and one comprehensive quality evaluation in each period. The evaluation of students should pay attention to the process and be diversified.
Second, teaching quality management.
1, in the first, second, third and fourth grades of primary school, we use the average score, passing rate, excellent rate and low score rate to evaluate the teaching effect. The examination results are evaluated twice a year, and the results are ranked each time, and the results are reported at the town principal meeting. The number of students admitted to key high schools in the senior high school entrance examination is not less than the following targets: not less than 30 students in Luotuoao Middle School and not less than 65438+ in Yanjiao Middle School.
2. In all kinds of unified examinations held in the county, Luotuoao Middle School is not lower than the eighth place, and Yanjiao Middle School is not lower than the tenth place; Primary school is not lower than the sixth place. The difference between the average score, passing rate, excellent rate and low score of primary school subjects and the score of the first school in the town shall not exceed 20 points.
3. Units that have been commended and affirmed at or above the county level in other aspects will also be commended and awarded points in the school assessment scores. Such as cultural and sports activities, scientific research papers, excellent courses, news reports, special events, etc.
Third, rewards and punishments.
1. Senior high school entrance examination rewards and punishments: 200 yuan will be rewarded for each additional key senior high school indicator, and each penalty will be 100 yuan; 300 yuan, if the comprehensive ranking reaches the stipulated ranking, 300 yuan will be rewarded for each rise in the ranking. 100 The eighth place in the county will be punished to 800 yuan. The county's top 5 100 bonus will be awarded to 500 yuan; Penalty for ranking the last five in the county in a single subject 100 yuan. Those who have achieved good results in the last three subjects in the county (the teachers named in the second half after multiple lectures) directly enter the last exchange candidate.
2. County-wide examination: those who enter the top five in the county will be awarded 100 to 300 yuan, and those who enter the bottom five will be punished 100 to 300 yuan. Those who have achieved good results in the last three subjects in the county (the teachers named in the second half after multiple lectures) directly enter the last exchange candidate.
3. In large-scale activities or competitions in the county, the top five in the county will be awarded to 300 yuan 100, and those who enter the bottom five will be punished to 300 yuan 100. D. The principal who has made outstanding contributions will be rewarded with 300 1000 yuan. Admonish and talk to the principals and directors of the school who ranked at the bottom of the two consecutive examinations; The principal and the principal of the principal's school who ranked at the bottom of the assessment for two consecutive years and had a difference of 15 from the penultimate score were dismissed. Teachers who have passed the examination twice in a row are given a yellow card warning and determined to be the last candidate for exchange.
How to do a good job in quality management Part III (1) Quality first, survival by quality and prosperity by quality.
Any product must reach the required quality level, otherwise it will not or will not fully realize its use value, thus bringing losses to consumers and society. In this sense, quality must come first.
Carrying out "quality first" requires all employees, especially leaders, to have a strong sense of quality; When determining business objectives, enterprises are required to first scientifically determine quality objectives according to the needs of users or markets, and arrange manpower, material resources and financial resources to ensure them. When there are contradictions between quality and quantity, social benefits and enterprise benefits, and long-term interests and immediate interests, quality, social benefits and long-term interests should be put in the first place.
"Quality first" is not "quality first". Quality can't be divorced from the current consumption level, and cost can't be ignored. We should attach importance to quality cost analysis, unify quality and cost, and determine the most suitable quality.
(2) Systematic viewpoint
Since the formation and development of product quality has a process, which contains many interrelated and mutually restrictive links, whether it is to ensure and improve quality or to solve product quality problems, enterprises should be regarded as an open system, and the exposed product quality problems should be comprehensively diagnosed and handled by using the principles and methods of system science.
(C) "Customer first", customer first, the next process is the user.
To implement total quality management, we must put the needs of users first. Therefore, enterprises must ensure that the quality of products can meet the requirements of users, take the requirements of users as the highest standard of product quality, and set the quality standards of enterprises with the requirements of users as the goal.
In total quality management, the concept of "user" is extensive, which not only refers to the buyers, users and society of products, but also thinks that every department and post in the internal production process of enterprises is also a user. In total quality management, the guiding ideology of "the next process is the user" is put forward. The previous working procedure is for users, providing qualified products for the next working procedure and serving the next working procedure, and the next working procedure carries out quality supervision and quality information feedback on the previous working procedure.
"Users are the units and individuals who use the products of this enterprise", that is to say, enterprises should not only produce high-quality products, but also be responsible for the quality of products to the end, provide on-site service and implement the system of "guaranteed repair, replacement and return", which requires both quality and quantity, timely delivery and reasonable price, as well as technical services in the process of product use and continuous improvement and improvement of product quality.
(4) Quality is designed and manufactured, not tested.
In the production process, inspection is important, which can not let unqualified products leave the factory, but also can feed back inspection information to relevant departments. But the real reason that affects product quality is not inspection, but mainly design and manufacturing. The design quality is innate, and the grade and level of quality have been decided at the time of design, while manufacturing only realizes the design quality and is the quality of conformity. We should attach importance to both, but from the domestic situation, we need to emphasize the design quality.
(E) the prevention-oriented point of view
TQM requires that the focus of management work should be shifted from "back testing" to "prevention in advance" and from "result" of product quality to "factor" of product quality, so as to truly combine prevention with inspection and put prevention first, and eliminate unqualified products in the process of product quality formation. In the production process, various measures should be taken to control the relevant factors affecting product quality, and a production system that can stably produce high-quality products should be formed.
Of course, the implementation of total quality management and "prevention first" does not mean that there is no need for inspection and "back testing". Quality inspection and supervision cannot be weakened, but must be further strengthened. In order to ensure product quality and prevent unqualified products from flowing to the next working procedure or leaving the factory, quality inspection is essential. At the same time, we should also see that quality inspection not only has the function of "checking", but also has the function of "prevention".
(6) Data is the basis of quality management, and everything is based on data.
To implement total quality management, we should persist in seeking truth from facts and establish a work style of scientific analysis and grasping the law of quality fluctuation. Everything speaks with facts and data, and reflects quality problems with facts and data. Digitize product quality characteristics as much as possible, so as to make accurate evaluation of product quality and carry out effective management.
(7) Economic viewpoint
TQM emphasizes quality, considers economy and establishes a reasonable economic boundary. This is the so-called economic principle. Therefore, when making quality standards for product design, carrying out quality control in the production process, and choosing sampling inspection or total inspection as quality inspection methods, we must consider its economic benefits to determine.
(eight) highlight the positive factors of people.
In the stage of total quality management, the importance of mobilizing people's positive factors is particularly emphasized. This is because modern production is mostly a large system with many links and close and complicated connections, and it is far from effective to rely solely on quality inspection or statistical methods. We must mobilize people's positive factors, strengthen quality awareness, give full play to people's subjective initiative and ensure the quality of products and services. One of the characteristics of total quality management is total staff management, "quality first, everyone is responsible"
How to do well the main functions of quality management department;
1. Organize the planning, implementation, supervision and review of the company's internal quality management system.
Two, responsible for the organization and coordination of product certification.
Three, according to the technical documents to prepare inspection standards and inspection specifications; Organize the inspection of raw materials, outsourced parts, purchased parts and self-made parts, as well as the inspection of product process and finished products, and issue inspection reports.
Four. Organize internal review of nonconforming products, formulate corrective, preventive and improvement measures for quality problems, and conduct follow-up verification.
Five, responsible for the overall management of quality records, quality analysis and assessment on a regular basis.
Six, responsible for the quality inspection of the company's products.
Seven, responsible for measurement management, complete the periodic verification of measuring instruments and make verification records and identification.
Eight, responsible for the control of inspection, measurement and test equipment, to ensure that the product quality meets the specified requirements.
9. Participate in supplier evaluation, analysis and processing of user feedback.
Ten, responsible for the application, storage and issuance of certificates (Institute of Iron and Steel Engineering, Sifang College).
XI。 Complete the temporary tasks assigned by the company.
Responsibilities of the Quality Management Department:
Article 1 Participate in the research, development and trial production of products.
Article 2 Put forward opinions or suggestions on improving the specifications and operating standards of products, raw materials and processed products.
Article 3 The inspection standards for incoming materials, processed products and finished products shall be formulated and implemented.
Article 4. Formulate process inspection standards, and check whether the inspectors of inspection stations actually implement them.
Article 5 Proper handling of abnormal quality and identification of nonconforming products.
Article 6 Management and calibration of inspection instruments and measuring tools and sampling inspection of inventory.
Article 7 Arrangement and evaluation of delivery quality performance of raw material suppliers and external processing manufacturers.
Article 8 Supervise and assist cooperative manufacturers to improve their quality and establish a quality management system.
Article 9 Inspection of manufacturing process.
Tenth process management and analysis, project research and take preventive measures such as improvement and prevention.
Eleventh customer complaint cases and sales return analysis, inspection and improvement measures.
Twelfth information should be returned to the relevant units.
Thirteenth the implementation of quality management daily inspection work.
Fourteenth do a good job in quality assurance.
Fifteenth study and formulate and implement the quality management education and training plan.
Sixteenth quality management laws and regulations, the implementation of total quality management.
Seventeenth other matters related to quality management.