Pinyin: rén mín English: People
[Edit this paragraph] Basic explanation
1. English: [people] 2. It refers to thousands of working people as the main members of society. -"Guangzhou Military Affairs" 3. Ordinary people in a country are different from a few privileged people. In ancient times, there were fewer people and more animals. -"Everything is ready, five mistakes"
[Edit this paragraph] Explain in detail
1. people; Civilians refer to the basic members of society with working people as the main body. Poetry, elegant and restrained: "the quality of the people, use it with caution." Yang Xuanzhi's "Luoyang, Galand, Moon Hee and Yi Li" in the Northern Wei Dynasty: "In mid-September, people entered the bowl and went to the country ... only feeling clothes." Chapter 2 of Water Margin: "The magistrate broke Gao Qiu's 20 crutches and sent them out of bounds. The people in Tokyo forbade him to stay at home." Mao Zedong on Coalition government: "The people, only the people, are the driving force to create world history." The postscript of Ba Jin's Adventures: "I love my motherland and my people." 2. Generally refers to human beings. "Lingyi Jing Southwest Wilderness Jing": "Knowing the words of birds and beasts in the world, knowing the words of people on land, knowing that hundreds of valleys are edible and plants are salty and bitter, is called' holy'." Tang Li Rong's Personality Volume 2: "When the universe first opened, there were only two brothers and sisters in Kunlun Mountain, and there was no one in the world." Lu Xun's "Flowers in the Morning": "People and ghosts are the most familiar and intimate." ◆ The concept of human beings has different contents in different countries and different historical periods in each country. For example, in ancient Rome, it generally refers to the "people, nationals" (aristocratic class) of the Republic. In the dictionary of western political science, the word "people" is interpreted as: broadly speaking, it refers to the subject of national sovereignty and is synonymous with "nation", "state" and "nation-state"; In a narrow sense, it refers to the ruled people except the national ruling class. The broad sense of "people" emphasizes the concept of national unity, including the ruling class of the country, which is bound by national boundaries; The narrow sense of "people" belongs to the concept of attaching importance to the interrelated feelings of the ruled and seeking liberation and oppression, which has universality beyond national boundaries. Naturally, it is mostly used by Marxist believers and left-wing forces, such as people's sovereignty, people's democracy, people's dictatorship, people's masses, people's committees, people's representatives and people's heroes. The western dictionaries of political science are interpreted from the perspective of national struggle and class struggle, which is naturally different from that of modern scholars in China. Of course, in Germany, Japan and other relatively single nation-States, due to the poverty of Marxism and left-wing ideology, the broad or narrow sense of "people" is often interpreted as "nationals". Refer to the last draft of Huang Xianfan, On the Origin, Evolution and Similarities and Differences of Western "Ethnic Terms" (Part I), Guangxi Social Sciences,No. 1 2008 (totalNo. 15 1 2008) ◆ People are political concepts, and people are political vocabulary without gender differences. People: the basic members of society with working people as the main body. People have different contents in different countries and different historical periods. In the socialist period of our country, all classes, strata and social groups that support, support and participate in the socialist revolution and construction belong to the people. ◆ In a democratic or harmonious country, the meaning of "people" is very broad, and almost all classes belong to the category of "people". In ancient China, "people" and "people" were not the same concept. ""Man "refers to a person's biological individual and ideological, cultural and educational individual; And "people" refers to the bottom of society. Similar to "people", there are concepts such as "public", "ordinary" and "ceremony". All refer to people at the bottom. In fact, the original meaning of "people" is ordinary people, which is what we often say. This class will never go beyond the extension of the concept of "person". Whether the "people" can include a higher class or stratum than the people depends on the extent to which that class or stratum truly represents the interests of the people. ◆ If it is explained in a separate sense: people are self-reliant; People contribute to society. That is, the two important subjects of the people.
[Edit this paragraph] Specific differences
The difference between citizens and people: Citizen: According to the Modern Chinese Dictionary published by the Commercial Press in 2007, a citizen is defined as a person who has the nationality of a certain country and enjoys political rights and obligations according to the law. 1. Different categories: citizens are legal concepts corresponding to foreigners, and people have different contents in different historical periods. Now, the people refer to all socialist workers, patriots who support socialism and patriots who support the reunification of the motherland. 2. Different scope: China citizens have a wider scope than the people. 3. Different consequences: citizens enjoy all civil rights and fulfill all obligations stipulated by the Constitution and laws; Enemies among citizens cannot enjoy all rights, nor can they perform some obligations. 4. The concepts referred to are different: citizens generally express the concept of individuals, while people express the concept of groups. A citizen refers to a person who has acquired the nationality of a country and enjoys rights and obligations according to the laws of that country. People refer to the basic members of society with working people as the main body. In short, man is a political concept, emphasizing groups; Citizen is a legal concept, emphasizing the individual. For example, all the power of the country belongs to the people, and the people are the creators of history, all from the perspective of groups.
[Edit this paragraph] Conceptual differences
The differences between citizens and people in China are as follows: first, citizens are legal concepts and people are political concepts; Second: the scope of citizens is greater than the people. Citizens include all members of society, while people do not include all members of society. People who are deprived of political rights according to law and hostile elements do not belong to the people.
[Edit this paragraph] The Constitution stipulates that
Constitution: Article 2 All power of the people and the state of China belongs to the people. The organs where the people exercise state power are the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at various levels. The people manage state affairs, economic and cultural undertakings and social affairs through various channels and forms according to law. Article 3 The state organs in People's Republic of China (PRC) practice the principle of democratic centralism. The National People's Congress and local people's congresses at various levels are democratically elected, accountable to the people and supervised by the people. Event Allusions1958101October 23rd, the literature prize of the Royal Swedish Academy was awarded to Pasternak, the author of doctor zhivago, this year's Nobel Prize in Literature, "in view of his great achievements in the field of contemporary lyric poetry and great Russian narrative literature tradition". Unexpectedly, the Soviet government regarded this as an attack and slander on the socialist Soviet Union. They immediately expelled Pasternak from the Writers' Association; And threatened not to come back if he wanted to go abroad to receive the prize. Therefore, the writer had to give up the prize and wrote to Khrushchev, begging him not to take "extreme measures" of deportation. Two hours later, Politi karpov of the Ministry of Culture gave Pasternak a formal reply on behalf of Khrushchev. He stood up solemnly and announced in the tone of the square announcer that he agreed that Pasternak would stay in the motherland. "But people's anger, we really can't stop it by ourselves," Polly karpov said. At this time, the writer's disgust has reached the extreme, and he almost said without thinking: "People! People! You seem to have pulled it out of your pants. " The word "person" is used casually here. Whoever has power represents the "people"; Whoever is the power center is the biggest "person"; What is really serious is that things like words are not an isolated unit. As an integral part of a system, if you change one, the others must also change with it. Therefore, we can see that in places where totalitarianism is rampant, distorted and tampered words are in batches, and they are stuck together in batches. It covers almost all the words about morality and politics that have been used correctly over the years. For example, humanity, humanitarianism, justice, truth, freedom, equality, democracy, liberation, education, reform, grassroots, exercise, praise, criticism, progress, backwardness, mainstream, overall situation, comprehensive, one-sided, dedication, sacrifice, organization, style, individualism, liberalism, feudalism … as long as it is in the past. This deliberate tampering is an advocacy of the overall harm of political violence to China culture. They are either added with new meanings, or deprived of the old beautiful meanings, and some even twist in the opposite direction. Of course, it is more like "people", and their meaning becomes very vague. In what sense, it depends on the needs of people who have the right to use it at that time. Sometimes a word can refer to both the positive and negative aspects of things, and they are still used only because totalitarian leaders and their propagandists can't create another set of words.
[Edit this paragraph] Related phrases
Great Hall of the People; The wishes of the people; Public enemy public enemy; The common enemy of the people; Contradictions among the people; Contradictions among the people; People are the creators of history. The people are the creators of history, and the people's congress is the people's congress; The broad masses of the people; National people's congress; People's congress system; People's court; President of the people's court; Civil air defense; Civil air defense; Public servants; People's Republic of China (PRC); People's Procuratorate People's Procuratorate ate it; The chief procurator of the people's procuratorate ate it; People's teachers; People's education; China People's Liberation Army; People's police; People's army; People's army; People's Army-Reflections on People's Army: Letters from the People and Letters from the Masses; People's democratic revolution; People's democratic country; People's democratic dictatorship; ; People's Juror [Law] People's Juror; People's uprising; Public servants of the people; People; People's appeal system; People's Mediation Committee; Mass [people's] organizations; People's diplomacy; People's Committee; People's armed forces; People's Armed Forces Department; People's nature; Human character; Monument to the People's Heroes; People's government; People's sovereignty; People's capitalism; People's autonomous organizations