Xiaoya Futian
If he lives in Futian, he will get ten thousand a year. I take the old ones and eat them from my farmers. Since ancient times. Now it is suitable for southern acres, either tilling or tilling. The millet and grass are growing, and you are interfering and stopping, and I am a fashionable scholar.
Use me to be wise, sacrifice sheep with me, and use society to make peace. When my fields are over, the farmers are celebrating. The harp, harp, and drums are used to control the ancestors of Tian. To pray for sweet rain, to feed my millet, and to provide grain for my ladies.
The great-grandson came and gave his wife his son. The southern acres are full of joy, and the fields are very happy. Fight around him to see if he wants to do it. It is easy to grow an acre of crops, and eventually there will be good and good things. The great-grandson is not angry, but the farmer is sensitive.
The crops of the great-grandson are like thorns and beams. His great-grandson Yu is as beautiful as Jing. I am looking for Qiansi warehouse, but I am looking for Wansi box. Millet, rice and beam are the celebration of farmers. Repay the blessings and live a long life without borders.
Notes
(1) Zhuo: vast. Fu: big.
(2) Ten Thousand: There are so many.
(3) Younian: a year of good harvest.
(4) Suitable: go, arrive.
(5) Hoeing: weeding. 耔 (zǐ): to cultivate soil.
(6) Millet: cereal crops. Hao (nǐ): lush.
(7) You: Nai, just. Introduction: Grow up. Stop: to.
(8) Hao: Present. Hipster: a handsome person.
(9) Qi (zī) Ming: It is rice grains used for sacrifices.
(10) Sacrifice: Pure wool animals used for sacrifice.
(11) Used as: She: Sacrifice to the earth god. Fang: Offer sacrifices to the gods of the four directions.
(12) Zang: OK, this refers to a good harvest.
(13) Yu (yà): Same as "迓", welcoming. Tianzu: refers to the Shennong family.
(14) Pray: Pray and ask.
(15) Valley: Feed. Scholars: Noble men and women.
(16) Great-grandson: The king of Zhou calls himself, relative to gods and ancestors. Stop: particle.
(17) Noodles (yè): Deliver rice.
(18) Tian Zhen: agricultural official.
(19) Purpose: Delicious.
(20) Yi: Governance.
(21) End: both. There is: plenty.
(22) Gram: Can. Min: Diligent.
(23) Ci: thatched roof. Liang: bridge.
(24) Yu: Granary.
(25) Di (chí): hill. Beijing: hills and mountains.
(26) Box: Car box.
(27) Jiefu: Dafu.
Translation
That field is so vast that it can harvest tens of millions of tons of grain every year. I take out the old grain from it to feed my farmers. If you encounter a rare good year in ancient times, go to Nanmu for a trip. I saw some weeding, some soiling, and densely packed millet and sorghum. When he grows up and matures, Tianguan will offer it to me.
Prepare the grains for sacrifice for me, as well as the lambs with pure coats, and ask the gods of the land and the four directions to share them. When my crops are harvested, it is the farmer’s joy and reward. Everyone played the harps and drums, welcoming Shen Nong to express their wishes, praying to God for rain to make my crops lush and strong, and for the gentlemen and ladies to be fed, clothed and prosperous forever.
The great-grandson came to the field happily, took his wife and children, and personally delivered the food to Nanmu. The field official was very happy to see it, and specially called the farmers around to taste the taste together. Strong grains cover Changlong, and they are growing well and have a good harvest. The great-grandson was very satisfied and praised the farmer's diligence from time to time.
My great-grandson’s crops were piled high, like roofs and bridges. The great-grandson’s granary is as full as the hills and hills. Quickly build valleys and store thousands of seats, quickly build thousands of chariots and horses. After loading all the harvested grains, the farmers congratulated each other and were full of joy. This is a great blessing that the gods repay to their great-grandson, wishing him long life and endless life.
Appreciation
The "Preface to Mao's Poems", the work of this poem, said: "It is also to stab the king of You. A gentleman hurts the present and thinks about the past." Zheng Xuan's note said: "The stabbing stabbed the empty warehouse. "There are heavy political burdens and heavy taxes, and farmers are neglecting their duties." Zhu Xi from the Song Dynasty first expressed objections to this theory. He believed that "this poem describes the ministers who have land and wealth, and devote themselves to farming in order to worship the ancestors of Fangshe Tian" ("Collected Poems"). Judging from the content of the poem, Zhu Xi's view is more realistic; however, the poem calls himself "great-grandson". According to the Zhou Dynasty kings' habit of calling ancestors and gods, the author should be the king himself, or at least writing on behalf of the king.
Le Ge*** is divided into four chapters. The first chapter begins with an introduction to field farming. This is a vast and fertile farmland that can harvest tens of thousands of tons of rice every year. The grains stored in the warehouses have fed the farmers who have worked hard on this land for generations, and have achieved good harvests year after year since ancient times. On this day, the owner of the land happily came to Nanmu for inspection. He saw that some farmers there were weeding and some were cultivating soil for seedlings. The fields were already densely covered with millet and sorghum. He felt happy, and he seemed to see the scene before his eyes when the crops were ripe and presented by the field officials.
This chapter lays out the facts, paving the way for the sacrifices in the following chapters throughout the song.
In the second chapter, in order to pray for a good harvest, a sacrificial ceremony was held piously. The King of Zhou sent people to fetch the sacrificial bowls and basins, and respectfully filled them with selected grains. He also had people offer fat cattle and sheep, and began the grand sacrifice to the God of the Earth and the Gods of the Four Directions. Because the crops in the fields were growing exceptionally well, the farmers all smiled happily and played the harp and drums to welcome the God of Agriculture together. Everyone prayed silently in their hearts: May God send down rain, so that the crops in the fields can be harvested abundantly, and the men and women can have enough food and clothing. From the description in this chapter, we can imagine the reverence our ancestors had for the land in ancient times; and the ancient sacrificial rituals also reflected the roughness and enthusiasm of the folk customs at that time.
The third chapter further writes about the officiant, that is, the king of Zhou personally supervising the plowing after the ceremony. Coming to the field with him were his wife and children. They brought home-cooked meals to the hard-working farmers. The field official who was inspecting the field was very happy to see it and quickly called the farmers around him to taste the food together. At this time, King Zhou looked at the scene of a good harvest in front of him, with a comfortable smile on his face, and kept praising the farmers for their hard work. Compared with the previous chapter, the content of this chapter is quite life-like; the king of Zhou's land cultivation was also imitated by subsequent emperors to encourage farmers, and it was called virtuous government.
The last chapter is dedicated to the harvest scene and best wishes to the King of Zhou. When the harvest season came, the crops in the fields indeed achieved an unprecedented bumper harvest. Not only are the grains in the yard piled up like a house, but the grains in the barns are also filled to the brim, like small hills. So the farmers were busy building granaries and vehicles. Everyone was celebrating the harvest, grateful to the gods for their blessings, and wishing the King of Zhou longevity. This chapter is characterized by being full of joy after the harvest, making people indulge in a sense of satisfaction and joy.
Previous research has always believed that "Xiaoya" is prickly, secluded and harsh, but also thoughtful about literature and martial arts. Generally speaking, this is not a problem; but for this poem "Futian", it is a bit far-fetched. What readers read is clearly the importance attached to agriculture by our ancestors in ancient times, and their infinite worship of gods related to agriculture in a country where "food is the most important thing for the people"; and mixed with descriptions of farming and the king's fields, It reflects the original style of the ancient agricultural country. Therefore, the value of this song is not so much in literature as it is in history.