How to breed bananas without seeds?

The daily edible banana is an artificially planted triploid banana with no seeds. Banana is one of the most popular fruits. It is abundant in tropical and subtropical regions. Also known as north banana, mountain banana and wild banana. It is a large monocotyledonous herb of Musaceae. People have a long history of eating bananas. According to ancient records, bananas were planted in Guangdong around 1 century BC. But when we plant bananas in the soil, we don't plant banana trees. Why?

In fact, the bananas we eat every day are all artificially planted triploid bananas. They have no seeds. Of course, banana trees cannot grow in soil. The so-called triploid means that somatic cells contain three sets of chromosomes, that is, somatic chromosomes can be divided into three sets of corresponding chromosomes. Most animals and more than half of higher plants in nature are diploids, that is, the chromosomes in their somatic cells are divided into two groups, which are called diploids, including wild bananas.

There are many kinds of bananas in tropical countries, especially in Southeast Asia. Some bananas have red skins and taste like strawberries when cooked. Some banana seeds are very big, just like pepper seeds. Most of these wild bananas are sexually propagated, that is, pollen and flowers form seeds, and the seeds produce new banana trees. However, because wild bananas have many seeds and fibers, they are not suitable for eating, so people have cultivated triploid bananas-fragrant bud bananas, which are eaten in our daily lives. Triploid artificial bananas are highly sterile and cannot produce seeds, so there are no seeds in the fruits of fragrant bud bananas. Although the flesh is sweet and delicious, they can only be propagated by asexual propagation such as bud-sucking propagation and tuber propagation, which means that the same plant must be propagated continuously.

Sexual reproduction brings gene mutation and variation, which provides some individuals in the group with opportunities to be immune to pests or diseases. But we can't eat bananas every day because their internal genomes are almost the same, and there is basically no genetic difference. Small banana plants grow from the roots of big banana plants, which makes the population lack of genetic diversity, which also increases their risk of disease. Once a fungus carried banana yellow leaf disease like a plague, which swept the banana trees in Latin America and led to the collapse of the global banana trade. Fortunately, it was later found that its substitute, banana with fragrant buds, has the ability to resist yellow leaf disease, which is the Huang Xiangjiao we eat every day.