If Zhu Biao was not born in Ma Huanghou, who gave birth to him? According to Records of Taichang Temple in Nanjing, Zhu Biao's biological mother is Li. However, after textual research, later scholars concluded that this Li could not be Zhu Biao's biological mother. Shu Fei's father, Li Jie, was born in 133 1, only one year older than Ma Huanghou.
According to this calculation, Li Jie was born in Zhu Biao 1355, but he was only 24 years old. No matter how early the ancients got married and had children, Li Jie's daughter Li could not have given birth to Zhu Biao in this year. Not only that, according to historical records, Li Jie took refuge in Zhu Yuanzhang in 1356, and Li must have become Zhu Yuanzhang's concubine after that. Therefore, considering these two factors, there is no doubt that Zhu Biao's biological mother should be Ma Huanghou. After all, compared with Li, at 1355, she was actually in the reproductive age stage.
It was also because of Ma Huanghou's birth that Zhu Biao was made a prince in 1364 and later became a crown prince in 1368. If Zhu Biao hadn't died suddenly in 1392, he would have become the emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang had high hopes for his eldest son, Zhu Biao, and never thought that Zhu Biao would eventually die young.