Aristotle can be called the master of Greek philosophy.
In 335 BC, he founded a school called Lyceum in Athens, which was called the Peripatetic School. Marx once called Aristotle the most knowledgeable figure among ancient Greek philosophers, and Engels called him "the ancient Hegel."
An encyclopedic scientist, he made contributions to nearly every discipline. He wrote on ethics, metaphysics, psychology, economics, theology, politics, rhetoric, natural science, education, poetry, customs, and Athenian law. Aristotle's writings formed the first extensive system of Western philosophy, encompassing ethics, aesthetics, logic and science, politics and metaphysics.
Extended information
Aristotle’s works discussed mechanical issues. He already had the concept of a parallelogram of forces in the orthogonal case. He explained the lever theory by saying: A force farther from the fulcrum moves the weight more easily because it draws a larger circle. He decomposed the motion of the weight at the end of the lever into tangential (which he called "natural") motion and normal ("unnatural") motion.
Aristotle’s view on the motion of falling bodies is: “For two objects of equal volume, the heavier one falls faster.” He even said that the speed at which objects fall is precisely related to their weight. Directly proportional. This wrong view had a great influence on later generations.
Later, the Frenchman N. Olsme et al. gave correct insights but did not verify them. At the end of the 16th century S. Steven and Galileo not only explained theoretically, but also confirmed Aristotle's error experimentally.
Aristotle also believed: "Everything that moves must have a mover pushing it to move." However, each push cannot be traced back infinitely, so "there must be a first mover." ”, that is, the existence of supernatural divine power. The movement here refers to movement in a general sense, including mechanical movement.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Aristotle