Mongolia has a land area of 1.565 million square kilometers, which is the largest country in the world and the second largest landlocked country in the world after Kazakhstan. With a population of about 3.2 million (20 19 1), it is the lowest population density country in the world.
Mongolia has less arable land, and most of its territory is covered by grassland. It is mountainous in the north and west, and the Gobi Desert in the south. About 30% of the population is nomadic or semi-nomadic. The main religion is Tibetan Buddhism, and the main ethnic group is Mongolian. There are also ethnic minorities such as Kazak and Tuwa in the west. The GDP is1165438+49 million USD (20 17). 1997 Joining the World Trade Organization.
Extended information of Mongolia's historical evolution
1, ethnic origin
Mongols originated from the East Lake branch in Shiwei, Wumeng. Before the 7th century A.D., Mongolian ancestors lived in the area of Ergon River, and then moved westward to Bourhan Mountain and Krulun River in the upper reaches of Erne River. By the12nd century, Mongolians had scattered in the upper reaches of three rivers, such as Enen River, Krulun River and tuul river, and in the east of Kent Mountain, and some tribes, such as Qiyan, Zadalan and Taichiwu, had evolved.
2. Mongol Empire
127 1 year, Kublai Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan, changed the name of the country to Dayuan in the Book of Changes. 1278 moved the capital to Yanjing, called Dadu. 1279 destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty and unified China.
3. Ming and Qing Dynasties
Since the founding of the Ming Dynasty, the war against Mongolia has been the primary consideration. Through the efforts of Zhu Yuanzhang and Judy, including the establishment of military towns and the construction of the Ming Great Wall, Judy launched five personal expeditions, which pushed the Mongolian forces to the edge of the desert and consolidated the rule of the Central Plains, but did not fundamentally eliminate the threat of Mongolia to its northern border.
From 65438 to 0733, Mobei Mongolia (now Mongolia) was under the jurisdiction of General Ulyasutai and was a provincial administrative region, namely Outer Mongolia. 176 1, Minister Kulun, the civil affairs of Tushetu Khan and Chechen Khan are managed by Minister Kulun; In the same year, Minister Counsellor Cobb was appointed to be in charge of Cobb.
4. Republic of China
1924, the China government and the Soviet government signed the Outline Agreement for Solving Outstanding Cases, which still stipulated that Outer Mongolia was a part of China's territory and China enjoyed territorial sovereignty. 1May, 924, the eighth Zhebuzun Danba died of illness. A month later, Mongolia abolished the constitutional monarchy, established a * * * peace system and established the People's Republic of Mongolia.
5. China and Mongolia established diplomatic relations.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), it established diplomatic relations with Mongolia in 1949, 10 and 16, and recognized the "People's Republic of Mongolia". 1960 Mongolia and China signed the Treaty of Friendship and Mutual Assistance between China and Mongolia. The border treaty was signed in 1962. China and Mongolia issued a joint communique in 1990, revised the Treaty of Friendship and Mutual Assistance between China and Mongolia in 1994, and signed the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation between China and Mongolia.
Baidu encyclopedia-Mongolia