The pronunciation in order is: Qian? (qián) Kan (kǎn) Gen (gèn) Zhen (zhèn) Xun (xùn) Li (lí) Kun (kūn) Dui (duì)
The stem is the image of the sky hexagram: the upper stem and the lower stem are pure Yang hexagrams; ?the ridge is the image of the water hexagram: the heavy kangaroo eight pure hexagrams; Zhen is the image of the thunder hexagram: the upper shock and the lower shock are the eight pure hexagrams; ?Xun is the wind hexagram: the upper sunda and the lower sunda are the eight pure hexagrams; The image of the earth hexagram: upper Kun and lower Kun pure Yin hexagram; ? the image of the Ze hexagram: the upper and lower hexagram Dui Ba pure hexagram;
There are three main theories about the origin of the Bagua:
< p>1. Fuxi painted Bagua on Guatai Mountain. Later, Fuxi also painted Guatai in Tianshui, Gansu and Henan. Guatai Mountain, also known as the Guahua Platform, is said to be the place where Fuxi began to draw the Bagua by observing astronomy and geography. It is located at the northwest end of Sanyang River and is now under the jurisdiction of Weinan Town, Maiji District. Of course, many modern scholars do not believe it and believe that later generations have entrusted some inventions to ancient celebrities;In addition, the Qingdun site in Hai'an County, eastern Jiangsu, which belongs to the late Neolithic Age, unearthed eight six-digit inscriptions in 1979. The numerical hexagram of Yao, in the ancient environment with sparse population, numerous tribes, and poor communication tools, it took a long time for culture to spread to the far east of Jiangsu.
2. Zhang Zhengxang’s 筮numerology evolved into the Bagua theory in multiple steps: His article "An Interpretation of the Yi Gua in Early Zhou Bronze Inscriptions" studied a number of numeric hexagrams unearthed in the 20th century and believed that there were a large number of 筮 in the first place. Numbers (numerical hexagrams) were later simplified into several hexagrams. During the Warring States Period, these small numbers of specific numerical values ??were simplified into binary odd and even numbers (represented by two numbers, one and six) (only then did the numeral hexagrams become number symbols). From the end of the Warring States Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties, it evolved into the abstract binary Yin and Yang symbol (commonly used by later generations) (only then did Yin and Yang become the Eight Diagrams), and the Yin and Yang philosophy originated very late. This theory is highly contradictory to the records in some ancient books and has great influence.
3. Liu Linying’s astronomical six hexagrams evolved into the Bagua theory: His "New Interpretation of the Mystery of the Origin of Yixue" elaborates on the six hexagrams system theory and believes that the hexagrams originated from the prediction activities of astronomers’ measuring tools. The early hexagrams It is a six hexagram system, without Kan and Li hexagrams. Later it evolved into the eight trigrams system. The important evidence is that the six hexagrams system (such as three yin and three yang) is the backbone theory of traditional Chinese medicine. It cannot be explained by the eight trigrams, and the six hexagrams system There are remnants of the Yue Gua in "Gui Zang" and "Yi Jing".
His later paper "An Examination of the Six-image Divination Method for the Use of Numerical Divinations in Shang and Zhou Dynasties" denies that Yi hexagrams are derived from the Divination Theory, and demonstrates that the four-image nature of the Dayan Divination Method was dominant for thousands of years before the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. In 1991, Yi's divination method used the six-image divination method. The complex divination number was just the number of six images and their changes. The six yin-yang images were essentially six hexagrams.
These three theories contain relatively large argumentative power. In addition, there are many opinions. For example, Liu Jue proposed the Guiying theory in 1946, believing that the Eight Diagrams originated from Tu Gui’s recording of the sun’s shadow; Feng Youlan believed that the Eight Diagrams originated from Tu Gui’s recording of the sun’s shadow. It is modeled after the tortoise sign of divination and is a standardized "omen". There is a similar theory that Qu Wanli's Yi Gua originated from the tortoise divination theory; Li Jingchi believed that the ancients used knotting methods to record the numbers of divination, which later evolved into the Bagua.
The source of this theory is speculation on the ancient book title "Basuo"; Wang Ningsheng's Bagua originated from Leifuzi of the Yi ethnic group. Some speculations are completely unfounded. Comparatively, Huang Yilu believes that Yi Gua originated from the chicken divination culture of the Zhuang people, descendants of the Xian Yue people. Although the discussion of several key links is weak, it is still discussed and has certain basis.
Extended information:
There are different types of Bagua. Since Shao Yong’s theory was spread by Zhu Xi in the Song Dynasty, innate Bagua and acquired Bagua have become known to the public. The Zhongtian Bagua proposed by contemporary people is still very popular. Few know.
The main basis for the innate Bagua is in "Book of Changes·Shuo Gua Chuan": "The heaven and earth are positioned, the mountains and rivers are ventilated, the thunder and wind are thin, and the water and fire are not mutually exclusive. The Bagua is wrong, and those who count the past go smoothly, and they know what is coming. It is inverse, so it is easy to count in reverse."
Gan matches (represents) the sky, Kun matches the earth, Dui matches the Ze, Li matches the fire, Zhen matches the thunder, Xun matches the wind, Kan matches the water, Gen matches the mountain, and turns from the left according to Yang, and Yin matches The principle of turning from the right is that Heaven is supreme and Earth is humble, Heaven is above, in the south, and the four hexagrams composed of Yang Yao are on the left, arranged counterclockwise from Qian to Dui, Dui to Li, Li to Zhen; Kun is below, in In the north, the four hexagrams of Xun, Kan, Gen, and Kun generated by the Yin Yao are arranged clockwise from the right, from Qian to Xun, Xun to Kan, Kan to Gen, and Gen to Kun, thus creating the innate Bagua chart.
Contemporary scholars have proposed various Zhongtian Bagua bitmaps since the 1990s, which are still controversial. Liu Linying invented the Taiyi Jiazi Number and the Bagua Nazhi Theory. The main basis for saying Zhongtian Bagua is also "Book of Changes·Shuo Gua Chuan": "The eight trigrams are wrong, and those who count forward go smoothly, and those who know what is coming are reversed, so it is easy to count backwards. Thunder moves it, wind scatters it, rain moistens it, and the sun blows it, Gen To stop it, to control it to please it, to do it to keep it in check, and to use it to hide it. The emperor is shocked..."
The Houtian Bagua
The first represents Kan Gua, located in the north; the second represents Kun Gua, located in the southwest; the third represents Zhen Gua, located in the east; the fourth represents Xun Gua, located in the east. It is located in the southeast; five represents the middle palace; six represents Qian Gua, located in the northwest; seven represents Dui Gua, located in the west; eight represents Gen Gua, located in the northeast; nine represents Li Gua, located in the south.
Reference: Bagua_Baidu Encyclopedia