July 15, why is it called Ghost Festival? Lunar July 15
On July 14/ 15, the tolerance festivals and customs are complicated, including folk ghost festivals, Taoist Mid-Yuan festivals, Buddhist Bonihara festivals, and festivals combining Buddhism, Taoism and Buddhism.
According to ancient records: "The Taoist scriptures are Shang Yuan on the 15th day of the first month, Zhong Yuan on the 15th of July, and Xia Yuan on the 15th of October." Mid-Autumn Festival, New Year's Eve, Tomb-Sweeping Day and Double Ninth Festival (except September, Qing Dynasty) are the four major festivals for ancestor worship in China. "Taoist Collection" contains: "On the day of the mid-Yuan Dynasty, local officials collected people to distinguish good from evil ... They recited classics, ten sages and Qi Yongling's articles day and night. The prisoners are all hungry ghosts, and they will be free at that time. " Most people miss their loved ones on this festival and place good wishes for the future.
Because of fear, people combine Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in their daily lives, becoming the Mid-Autumn Festival in July 15 of the lunar calendar, and people call July "Ghost Moon".
Four Halloween festivals: March 3rd, Tomb-Sweeping Day, July 15th and October 1st.
Why is July 14 of the lunar calendar called Ghost Festival? It is usually called Ghost Festival. Folk traditional festivals. It's on the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month, and it's also on the fourteenth of July. On this day, every family should pay homage to their ancestors, and some even hold family dinners to pay tribute to their ancestors like a memorial ceremony. Three rounds of wine shows that after the ancestor feast, the family will sit together and eat a holiday meal. After the power failure, take firecrackers, paper money and incense sticks, find a quiet riverside or pond, and sprinkle a circle of lime to mark the restricted area. Then pour some water and rice in the circle, burn some paper money, set off firecrackers, send our ancestors on their way and turn to the "underworld" In the past, on the seventh day of July, people would take the ghosts of their ancestors home through some ceremony, and provide tea and rice three times a day in the morning, noon and dusk until July 15th. Now, superstition has gradually disappeared, and the form of memorial service has been preserved as a memory and commemoration of our ancestors. Mid-Autumn Festival Mid-Autumn Festival is scheduled for July 15th of the lunar calendar, commonly known as July 30th. Legend has it that all the ghosts were released to the underworld on that day, and people usually carry out activities to sacrifice ghosts. Where there is a new funeral, people will go to new graves, but generally speaking, ghosts and ghosts will sacrifice locally. Therefore, as a whole, it is a festival centered on the worship of ghosts and gods, and it is the largest folk ghost festival in China. It was a small autumn before July, and a batch of crops were ripe. As a rule, people should worship their ancestors, offer sacrifices, such as new rice, and report Qiu Cheng to their ancestors. Song Meng's "Dream of China in Tokyo" said in Volume 1: "The day before Yuan Zhong, when I was enjoying the sacrifice, I bought training leaves (leaves of a fragrant plant) to line the table, and I also bought a nest of hemp seeds and tied them at the foot of the table. This was my ancestor Qiu Cheng's mind." China people pay attention to filial piety when the crops are ripe in July and autumn, and they will report to their ancestors and invite them to taste new things, so they make a ritual sacrifice to their ancestors in July. Taoism in the Eastern Han Dynasty set up three sessions and five cloudy days, among which July 7th was Delu, which was also the day when regular Taoist priests came to the hospital for examinations. The main content of May Day is to offer sacrifices to ancestors. The date of ancestor worship in July was later fixed on this day, and Taoism set the birthday of the emperor official of the Central Plains and the corresponding date of sacrifice on July 15. Taoist Mid-Autumn Festival is not only a religious festival in Taoism, but also a folk festival. At the beginning of Taoism, there were three officials worshipping. The orthodox school believed in the three officials of heaven, earth and water, and was later called the Three Officials Emperor. They each have their own responsibilities. Celestial officials bless Shangyuan, local officials forgive the sins of the Central Plains, and water officials call Xia Yuan Jieyi. The Taoist book says that in these three days, the three officials should correct the crimes committed on earth in order to decide rewards and punishments. Among them, the local officials are in charge of the underworld, and of course the focus of the inspection is on ghosts. So on this day, all ghosts will leave the underworld and be examined. On this day, Doumen held a routine ceremony to celebrate the birthday of local officials. At the same time, believers also funded fasting, prayed for the blessing of their ancestors, and asked local officials to forgive their sins and ascend to heaven as soon as possible. This is the main reason why Mid-Autumn Festival has become a folk festival.
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8 15 Why is it called Ghost Festival? It's not 8 15, it's the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month every year, and it's Ghost Festival.
Why is July 14 called Ghost Festival? . . . . Hehe, you can be a guest. Wow, what kind of * * *
Why is mid-July called Ghost Festival?
Ghost Festival, as its name implies, is a festival celebrated by ghosts, and folk custom has evolved into the custom of ordinary people worshiping ghosts and gods. There are Halloween in China and the West. There are four Halloween in China, namely Tomb-Sweeping Day, March 3rd, July 15th and October 1st. Among the western ghost festivals, there are Mexican ghost festivals and Thai ghost festivals, but the most famous one is Halloween.
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catalogue
1 China Ghost Festival
Western ghost festival
1 China Ghost Festival
1. 1 March 3rd
1.2 Tomb-Sweeping Day
1.3 July 15
1.4 October 1st
1.5 culture
1.6 Custom 2 Western Ghost Festival
2. 1 Halloween
2.2 Mexican Ghost Festival
2.3 Singapore Spring Festival
2.4 Thailand Ghost Festival
Ghost Festival-China Ghost Festival Tomb-Sweeping Day
Four Halloween festivals: March 3rd, Tomb-Sweeping Day, July 15th and October 1st.
March 3 rd festival
In Jianghuai and Jiangnan areas, the third day of the third lunar month is called Ghost Festival every year. It is said that ghosts haunt this day. At night, every household sets off firecrackers in every household to scare away ghosts and drive them away.
Qingming Festival
Sweeping graves on Qingming Festival is called "respecting thinking about time" for ancestors. Its customs have a long history. In the Ming Dynasty's "A Brief Introduction to the Scenery of the Imperial Capital", it was written: "On the Qingming Festival in March, men and women went to the grave to pay their respects, and the gold ingot was hung on the back of the sedan chair, and the road was full of embarrassment. Worshipers, mourners, weeping, weeding, adding soil to graves, burning ingots several times, and buying graves with paper money. If you can't see the paper money, it will be a lonely grave. After crying, don't go back, go to the fragrant tree, choose the garden, and sit down and get drunk. "
Ghost Festival on July 15
On July 14/ 15, the tolerance festivals and customs are complicated, including folk ghost festivals, Taoist Mid-Yuan festivals, Buddhist Bonihara festivals, and festivals combining Buddhism, Taoism and Buddhism.
The first day of October
The first day of October is called "October Dynasty", also known as "ancestor worship festival". On the first day of October, ancestor worship, including family sacrifice and tomb sacrifice, is held in both north and south. In many areas of modern Jiangnan, there is also the custom of offering sacrifices to new graves on the first day of October. The first day of October is also the first day of winter, and then the climate is getting colder. People are afraid that their ancestors' souls in the underworld are short of clothes and clothes. Therefore, in addition to food, incense sticks, paper money and other general offerings, there is also an indispensable offering-burial clothes. When offering sacrifices, people incinerate ghost clothes to their ancestors, which is called "sending cold clothes". Therefore, the first day of October is also called "Clothing Burning Festival".
culture
It is difficult to see the description of the world after death in ancient mythology, and the word "ghost" didn't mean it at first. In Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the word "ghost" is a word of understanding, and here is the word "person" with a terrible head on it, which means a monster like a person.
Later it gradually evolved into something that changed after death. Book of rites? "Sacrifice to Righteousness" has made it very clear: "All beings have to die, and when they die, they return to scholars. This is called a ghost. " Book of rites? The Sacrifice Law further points out: "Ordinary people in Shu Ren have no temples, and when they die, they are ghosts." That is, after the death of dignitaries, there are temples to worship and sacrifices all year round, and they become gods. Ordinary people die, there is no temple to enjoy sacrifices, and wandering around, that is a ghost.
There are many words related to ghosts in pre-Qin classics. Confucius famously said "Stay away from ghosts and gods", which shows that Confucianism believes in ghosts and gods, but it is only "respect".
Later, although there was Wang Chong's theory of no ghosts in the Eastern Han Dynasty, it could not shake the superstition of Chinese people about ghosts and gods.
By the end of Qing Dynasty, although there were fierce ghosts in Pu Songling's works, most of them were young and beautiful female ghosts who attached importance to feelings and righteousness and understood etiquette. After watching Liaozhai, they felt cute, not scary ghosts.
Pluralistic Spring Festival in Singapore
The perfection and enrichment of Chinese ghost culture benefit from Buddhism and Taoism. Taoism is a real estate, and Buddhism was inherited from the West during the Han and Wei Dynasties, and blended with Confucian culture and secular culture. After death, the underworld (also known as the underworld in Buddhism) is gradually established, that is, the world where ghosts live. The main building of Taoism is Fengdu City, which is demonstrated in Pingdu Mountain on the bank of the Yangtze River in eastern Sichuan. The beautiful Pingdu Yamamoto is one of the 72 blessed places of Taoism. Both the king of the Western Han Dynasty and Yin Changsheng of the Eastern Han Dynasty practiced here and later became immortals. Fengdu is haunted by immortals, which is related to the surnames of two immortals. Wang He and Yin read Yin Wang backwards, thus becoming the "king of the underworld". After the deduction of past dynasties and the rendering of The Journey to the West's ghost stories such as Zhong Kui Biography, Fengdu was built into a gloomy ghost town, so there were Naihe Bridge, the Gate of Hell, the boundary of Yin and Yang, the Temple of Emperor, the Temple of Impermanence and the Temple of the City God. Compared with the Taoist underworld, the Buddhist underworld is much more complete and systematic. Buddhism has the so-called "Ten Realms", that is, there are ten realms in the world, namely, Buddha, Bodhisattva, Jue Yuan, Wensheng, Heaven, Man, Asura, beast, evil spirits and hell. The first four are called "four saints", that is, they transcend the sacred world and get rid of the suffering of life and death. The last six kinds are called "six mysteries", which need endless circulation in filthy soil. The last three kinds are also called "three evils" and "three evils", which is a more unfortunate realm, and hell is the most unfortunate. There are eighteen levels of hell, and the lower the level, the deeper the suffering. In hell, there are not only demons such as Yamaraja, judges and ghosts, but also all kinds of torture such as knives, frying pans, millstones and saws. Therefore, people are most afraid of entering eighteen layers of hell after death.
Customary ancestor worship
China's Mid-Autumn Festival not only provides fasting for monks, but also adds activities such as repentance and setting fire to burners. On this day, the master platform and the stone drum platform were set up in front of Jiekou Village in advance. There is a bodhisattva in front of the mage's seat, and the earth treasure king passes through the underworld. Here is a dish of peach rice. On the stone drum stage, there are three spirit tablets and evocation flags. After noon, families put whole pigs, whole sheep, chickens, ducks and geese and various cakes, fruits and melons on the stone drum stage. The person in charge inserted a triangular paper flag of blue, red and green on each sacrifice, and wrote the words "Yulan Festival" and "Manna Gate Open". The ceremony began with solemn temple music. Then the mage rang the bell and led the monks in the seat to recite various spells and mantras. Then feed, sprinkle a plate of peaches and rice in all directions and repeat three times. This ceremony is called "the opening of the flame".
At night, every household should burn incense at home and plant incense on the ground. The more, the better, symbolizing a bumper harvest. This is the so-called "field expansion". In some places, there are water lanterns. The so-called water lamp, tied to a small wooden board, is mostly made of colored paper in the shape of lotus, which is called "flood and drought lamp". According to tradition, water lanterns are used to guide those who are unjust and dead. When the lights went out, the water lights had completed the task of attracting ghosts to cross the Naihe Bridge.
The shops were closed that day and the streets were haunted. In the middle of the street, there is an incense table every 100 steps. There are fresh fruits and a kind of "ghost steamed stuffed bun" on the incense table. There is a Taoist behind the desk singing a ghost song that people can't understand. This ceremony is called "singing".
Halloween-Western Halloween
In western countries, there is a "Halloween" on June 3 1 every year, which is interpreted as "Halloween" in the dictionary and "Halloween night" in Chinese translation. Halloween is a traditional festival in western countries. This night is the most haunted night of the year, so it is also called "Ghost Festival".
Happy Mexican Ghost Festival and Happy Thai Ghost Festival
1 65438+1October1is Mexico's "Young Spirit Festival"-in memory of dead children,165438+1October 2nd is "Soul Festival"-in memory of dead adults. These two days are commonly known as "Ghost Festival". The indigenous Aztecs in Mexico believe that death is not only the end of life, but also the beginning of new life. Therefore, people should celebrate in festivals.
Singapore Spring Festival
The original Mid-Autumn Festival was indeed full of feudal superstitions, but after 20 or 30 years of unknown transformation, Singaporeans followed the trend, giving the Mid-Autumn Festival more positive significance and producing good social effects. Many people who participate in Mid-Autumn Festival activities (including those who attend Mid-Autumn Festival banquets and watch performances on stage) are not offering sacrifices to ghosts and gods, but have other purposes. The Mid-Autumn Festival has become "diversified" and has actually become a "diversified festival".
Ghost Festival in Thailand
The Ghost Festival in Thailand is held in Loy in mid-June every year, which is highly valued by local people. The main purpose is to pray for good weather and good rice harvest in the coming year.
Why is July 15 of the lunar calendar called Ghost Festival? There are three ghost festivals in China: Tomb-Sweeping Day Festival, Zhongyuan Festival and Han Festival.
Tomb-Sweeping Day is the time to go to the grave, and at the same time, it has the custom of climbing high, adding new soil to the grave and adding graves. In the past, Tomb-Sweeping Day was also called Cold Food Festival, which lasted for one hundred days. Cao Cao changed it to one day, and the Tang Dynasty changed it to three days before Qingming. All fires must be put out. After the cold food was served, a new fire broke out in the palace. Tomb-Sweeping Day, we're going to insert willow branches, wear wicker hats, fly kites and swing.
The Central Plains (July 15) was originally a day for folk ancestor worship, and later it was designated as Christmas in the underground palace, which was in charge of the ghost gate. On this day, the underground palace opened the gates of hell, and the dead ancestors could go home for reunion, so it was also the Ghost Festival, the most important of the three ghost festivals in China. It is equipped with Dojo and steamed bread for ghosts. On this day, ancestors are worshipped, graves are swept and lanterns are lit. The Taoist temple held a grand ceremony to pray for the auspicious Dojo, the content of which was to cross over the soul of the deceased. Buddhism is the day of Orchid Club, and the content is to cross over for the dead. The original intention of orchids is to liberate and hang upside down, which comes from the story of Mulian saving her mother. In fact, many people think that the gate of hell is wide open from the first day of July to the thirtieth day of July in the lunar calendar. According to folklore, there will be many ghosts wandering among the undead during this period. On July 30, the gate of hell closed, and the one-month Central Plains ended like this. )
The most important thing is to make a ghost dress, buy paper, wrap it up and burn it in front of the door at night. Qin Tian Jian will release the new imperial calendar on this day.
It is generally believed that July 14 is the day when the gates of hell are wide open, so few people go out at night. This is just a one-sided idea. In fact, the ghost gate was opened and closed before midnight on July 14, that is, before July 15 12. According to ancient records, this time should be the deadline for ghosts to return to the underworld.
The official opening date of the gate of hell should be the second day of the seventh lunar month. On this night, nine caves in all cities in the world will be opened, and all ghosts can go in and out freely and enjoy the offerings prepared by the world for them until the early morning of July 15 12. On the eighth day of the first month of the following year, there are still 14 days to wait until the gate of hell is reopened and travel around the world of three thousand flowers. Those who want to offer sacrifices should offer sacrifices on the second day of the seventh month, or their ancestors will be hungry for a few days. Maybe they will think you are unfilial when they see the offerings given to the seven fairies on the seventh day of July, and they only know how to marry and forget their ancestors.
On the eighth day of the first month of the following year, that is, the day after the festival, the gate of hell will be opened again, allowing ghosts to travel around the world again. Probably these two gates of hell are wide open, that is, the cold in hell and the summer holidays.
The 14th day of the seventh lunar month is a traditional Ghost Festival in China, also called Yulan Festival and Zhongyuan Festival. Because July belongs to Kun, it is divination in gossip, and according to past experience, this month is the month most prone to strange things, so it gradually evolved into the day when the gates of hell opened in July.
Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as Ghost Festival, has three kinds in China: Tomb-Sweeping Day, Zhongyuan Festival and Hanyi Festival.
Tomb-Sweeping Day is the time to go to the grave, and at the same time, it has the custom of climbing high, adding new soil to the grave and adding graves. In the past, Tomb-Sweeping Day was also called Cold Food Festival, which lasted for one hundred days. Cao Cao changed it to one day, and the Tang Dynasty changed it to three days before Qingming. All fires must be put out. After the cold food was served, a new fire broke out in the palace.
Tomb-Sweeping Day, we're going to insert willow branches, wear wicker hats, fly kites and swing.
The Central Plains (July 15) was originally a day for folk ancestor worship, and later it was designated as Christmas in the underground palace, which was in charge of the ghost gate. On this day, the underground palace opened the gates of hell, and the dead ancestors could go home for reunion, so it was also the Ghost Festival, the most important of the three ghost festivals in China. It is equipped with Dojo and steamed bread for ghosts. On this day, ancestors are worshipped, graves are swept and lanterns are lit. The Taoist temple held a grand ceremony to pray for the auspicious Dojo, the content of which was to cross over the soul of the deceased.
Buddhism is the day of Orchid Club, and the content is to cross over for the dead. The original intention of orchids is to liberate and hang upside down, which comes from the story of Mulian saving her mother.
The most important thing is to make a ghost dress, buy paper, wrap it up and burn it in front of the door at night.
Qin Tian Jian will release the new imperial calendar on this day.
Every year, the 14th day of the seventh lunar month is the Ghost Festival in China-it is renamed "Magnolia Festival".
According to legend, the seventh month of the lunar calendar is a "ghost month". The first day of July is the day when the "Hell's Gate" opens wide. During the period from July 1 day when the gate of hell opens to the 30th day when the gate of hell closes, lonely souls in the underworld will rush to death and wander anywhere where people can find something to eat. Therefore, people hold "Purdue" in July to popularize souls who transcend loneliness by chanting, so as to prevent them from becoming disasters in the community, or pray for ghosts to help cure diseases and protect the safety of their homes.
Taoism says:
Taoist festivals are divided into three times throughout the year (collectively referred to as "Sanyuan"). The origin of the Orchid Festival is to express a wide range of love.
The fifteenth day of the first month is called Shangyuan.
Mainly to hold a blessing ceremony.
July 15 is called "Central Plains".
Forgive the sins of the dead.
Zhongyuan ceremony is to atone for the dead, but it can never completely alleviate the sin, just a little. I hope they can rest in peace in the dry days.
1October15th is called "Xia Yuan" to relieve bad luck for those who have made mistakes.
During the ceremony, they will not only turn over for the dead souls, but also save their friends from those who died for their country and died in battle. The sesame oil money obtained in the ceremony is mainly used to buy sacrifices.
Buddhist allusions
There is an allusion to the origin of "Yulan Festival". It is said that Buddha Sakyamuni received ten disciples when he was alive. One of them is Mulian, a yogi, whose parents died before he reached the Tao. Because Mulian was very concerned about her dead mother, he used his eyes to see how her mother lived in the underworld. It turns out that they have become hungry ghosts, have no food or drink, and are in a poor situation.
Mulian felt very sad after reading it, so she used her magic power to bring some food to her mother. Unfortunately, as soon as the food was delivered to the mouth, it immediately turned into a flame. Mu Lian was very sad after seeing this situation, so he told Sakyamuni about it. The Buddha taught him that his mother planted many sins when she was alive, so she fell into the hungry ghost road after her death and was beyond redemption. This evil obstacle cannot be solved by him alone, so she must gather.
Later, this legend has been spread to later generations and gradually formed a folk custom. Every year in the middle of the seventh lunar month, people will slaughter chickens and ducks, burn incense and clothes, and worship the hungry ghosts coming out of the underworld, so as to resolve grievances and avoid harming the world. Over time, the custom of Halloween was formed.
Therefore, every year in the seventh month of the lunar calendar, people will kill chickens and ducks, burn incense and clothes, and worship the hungry ghosts who come out of the underworld to resolve grievances and avoid harming the world.
Over time, there was the Orchid Festival.
In July of the lunar calendar, China is used to calling it Ghost Moon, which means that the door of death is always open this month, and ghosts can travel around the world. Universality is a universal meaning. Degree means that all beings who have fallen into the three evil ways leave as soon as possible, surpass the three good ways, and even surpass the western paradise to enjoy great happiness. The so-called "three evil ways" refers to the early sentient beings escaping from the animal way, the hungry ghost way and the hell way. The Three Good Taoism refers to heaven, humanity and Asura.
Why should July 15 be designated as Ghost Festival, also known as Ghost Festival or Orchid Festival? Mid-Autumn Festival is a Taoist saying. The name "Mid-Autumn Festival" originated from the Northern Wei Dynasty. In some places, it is usually called "Ghost Festival" and "Stone Drum", also known as the Day of the Dead and July 30th. According to ancient records: "The Taoist scriptures are Shang Yuan on the 15th day of the first month, Zhong Yuan on the 15th of July, and Xia Yuan on the 15th of October." Mid-Autumn Festival, New Year's Eve, Tomb-Sweeping Day and Double Ninth Festival (except September, Qing Dynasty) are the four major festivals for ancestor worship in China. "Taoist Collection" contains: "On the day of the mid-Yuan Dynasty, local officials collected people to distinguish good from evil ... They recited classics, ten sages and Qi Yongling's articles day and night. The prisoners were all hungry ghosts, and they were relieved at that time. " Most people miss their loved ones on this festival and place good wishes for the future.
What festival is "Ghost Festival"? Why is it called "Ghost Festival"? Ghost Festival, as its name implies, is a festival celebrated by ghosts, and folk custom has evolved into the custom of ordinary people worshiping ghosts and gods. There are Halloween in China and the West. There are four Halloween in China, namely Tomb-Sweeping Day, March 3rd, July 15th and October 1st. Among the western ghost festivals, there are Mexican Ghost Festival and Singapore Ghost Festival, but the most famous one is Halloween.
Four Halloween festivals: March 3rd, Tomb-Sweeping Day, July 15th (14th), October 1st and March 3rd.
In Jianghuai and Jiangnan areas, the third day of the third lunar month is called Ghost Festival every year. It is said that ghosts haunt this day. At night, every household sets off firecrackers in every household to scare away ghosts and drive them away.
Ghost Festival originated from the story of Manglietia's rescue of mother: "People with Manglietia monks have great strength. His mother fell into the hungry ghost road, and the food mouth turned into flames. Hunger was too bitter. Unable to save her mother, Manglietia asked the Buddha for advice. In order to talk about the Lanpen Sutra, he taught July 15 to be a Lanpen to save his mother. " It is said that Mulian met her dead mother after going through hardships in the underworld and found that she was tortured by a group of hungry ghosts. Manglietia tried to give her a bowl of vegetable rice, but the vegetable rice was taken away by the hungry ghost. Manglietia had to ask the Buddha for help. The Buddha was moved by Manglietia's filial piety and gave him the Lanjing. According to the instructions, Manglietia dedicated a rare fruit vegetarian meal to her mother on the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month. The hungry mother finally got the food. Buddhists hold a grand "bonsai" every year to commemorate the filial piety of Manglietia, which is what we now call "Ghost Festival".