Applicable major: Chinese language major
Class hours: 54 hours
Academic score: 3
First, the nature, status and role of this course
Chinese language and writing major is a major that specializes in training senior professionals engaged in Chinese language and writing research and directly engaged in language and writing work. As a systematic professional knowledge, its contents mainly include: Chinese philology, phonetics, lexicology, grammar, rhetoric, pragmatics, dialectology, literature and history and other related professional knowledge. Therefore, philology is a compulsory course for Chinese language majors and plays an indispensable role in language majors.
Second, the teaching objectives of this course
According to the educational policy and the need of cultivating senior professionals with specialized knowledge, the purpose of this course is to train undergraduates to understand and master the basic knowledge and theory of philology, the origin and basic nature of characters, the characteristics, evolution and structural laws of characters, and the methods of understanding the original meaning of characters by analyzing the structure of shapes, so as to correctly understand and explain the shapes, the sounds and meanings of commonly used Chinese characters, understand the latest research trends in this research field, and be able to engage in the study of general languages and characters.
Third, the basis for formulating the outline.
The formulation of this syllabus is based on the syllabus, professional knowledge content and courses offered for Chinese language majors.
Yes Chinese language majors mainly offer courses such as modern Chinese, ancient Chinese, introduction to linguistics and literature and history. From the content, Chinese mainly includes Chinese phonetics, philology, lexicology, grammar, pragmatics, rhetoric, corpus (philology) and other knowledge. Therefore, philology is a compulsory course for Chinese majors. According to the knowledge structure and curriculum of Chinese, the syllabus of philology is specially formulated.
Four, the principles and requirements of the outline content selection
The selection and compilation principles of the syllabus of philology course should reflect the basic characteristics and knowledge structure of the course, the key and difficult points of the course knowledge, and the gradual, coherent, systematic and complete knowledge. The syllabus not only reflects the integrity of the whole knowledge and basic teaching requirements, but also highlights the basic teaching requirements and basic teaching contents of each knowledge unit, reflecting the latest trends and latest research results in this professional field. The formulation of the syllabus should be convenient for the specific operation and implementation in the teaching process. In a word, the outline should be instructive and practical for teaching practice. This program is based on the above principles and requirements.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) course content and basic requirements
(1) Writing and Chinese Literature
1, the basic requirements of teaching
(1) Understand the specific meaning of writing and philology;
(2) Master the specific content of philology research.
2. Teaching content
(1) Characters and philology: The characters mentioned here refer to Chinese characters, that is, the characters created and used by the Han people. Due to historical and customary reasons, people call the characters used by China people Chinese characters, not Chinese characters. The so-called philology refers to the study of characters. As far as China's writing is concerned, the so-called philology is also the study of Chinese characters.
(2)* The content of philology research: the origin and nature of Chinese characters, the relationship between Chinese characters, the characteristics, structure, physical evolution and laws of Chinese characters, and the pronunciation and usage of Chinese characters (interchangeable characters, ancient and modern characters, variant characters, simplified characters and homographs). From the perspective of research scope, it can be divided into:
Philology: Ancient Philology: Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Bronze inscriptions and Dazhuan.
General philology: seal script, official script and regular script.
(2) the source of the text
1, the basic requirements of teaching
(1) Understand the legends and archaeological materials about the origin of characters;
(2) Understand the general characteristics of the original text (Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jinwen).
2. Teaching content
(1)* About the origin of characters: legends about the origin of characters: knotting notes, lettering, gossip, and cangjie word-making; Archaeological excavation: the original drawings of Xi 'an Banpo site and Dawenkou cultural site. (See Ye Zhengbo and Li's Brief Discussion on the Bronze Carvings of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, p1~ 9; Tang Lan's China philology P48 ~ 59；; Du He, Prehistoric Heritage of China)
(2)* Primitive hieroglyphics (calligraphy and painting): Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jinwen (Tang Lan: Introduction to Ancient Philology).
(C) the structure of Chinese characters
1, the basic requirements of teaching
(1) Master the structural type of Chinese characters-the theory of six characters;
(2) Understand the nature of Chinese characters.
2. Teaching content
(1) The structure of Chinese characters: *△ Xu Shen's six-book theory (pictographic, indicative, knowing, pictophonetic, transliteration and borrowing), four-body dual-use theory, Tang Lan's three-book theory and Qiu Xigui's three-book theory. (See Ye Zhengbo's Radical of Chinese Characters P2 1~22, Tang Lan's China Philology P75~92, Qiu Xigui's Summary of Philology P97~ 106).
(2) The nature of Chinese characters: * ideograph, hieroglyph, phonography, ideograph.
(4) The evolution of Chinese characters.
1 Basic requirements of teaching
(1) Understand the characteristics of each stage of Chinese character evolution;
(2) Master Shuo Wen Jie Zi and Shuo Wen Jie Zi in Qing Dynasty.
2. Teaching content
(1)*△ The development and shape evolution of Chinese characters: Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Jinwen, Dazhuan (Warring States period, bamboo slips, silk script), Xiaozhuan, Lishu and regular script.
(2)*△ Xu Shen and Shuowen Jiezi: Xu Shen and Shuowen Jiezi, Shuowen and the Four Masters of Shuowen in Qing Dynasty. (See Ye Zhengbo's Chinese Character Radical P 1~20, China Philology P 149~ 192, Qiu Xigui's Summary of Philology, Gao Ming's General Theory of Ancient Philology in China and Jiang's Morphology of Chinese Characters).
(5) radicals of Chinese characters
1, the basic requirements of teaching
(1) Understand the creation and specific content of Chinese radical;
(2) To master the shape, sound and meaning of the radicals of commonly used Chinese characters.
2. Teaching content
(1)* Radicals of Chinese characters: the establishment and significance of radicals, the nature and function of radicals, the shape evolution of radicals, radicals and literacy teaching.
(2) The forms and meanings of △ common radical words. (See Ye Zhengbo's Chinese Character Radicals P23~89, P90~22 1 and Dong Lianchi's Explaining the Form and Meaning of Shuowen Radicals).
(6) the application of Chinese characters
1, the basic requirements of teaching
(1) Understand and master the interchangeable characters, ancient and modern characters, variant characters, complex and simplified characters and homographs in ancient Chinese;
(2) Understand pictophonetic characters and related issues.
2. Teaching content
(1)*△ interchangeable characters, ancient and modern characters, variant characters, simplified characters and homographs: basic concepts and common examples;
(2)*△ pictophonetic characters: the phenomenon of pictophonetic characters in Chinese characters, the text, phonetic symbols and the pronunciation of the whole Chinese character. (Refer to the general ancient Chinese textbook, Ye Zhengbo's Chinese Character Radicals P79~86)
(7) Introduction to philology.
1, the basic requirements of teaching
(1) Understand the authors and properties of important books on philology in past dynasties;
(2) Focus on mastering several important philological works.
2. Teaching content
(1)* Brief introduction of philology: Hu Pu 'an's History of China Philology, Luo Junti's Introduction to China Philology;
(2)△ Introduction to Shuowen: Yao Xiaosui's Xu Shen, Shuowen Jiezi, Shuowen Four Masters and their works;
(3) Introduction to Ancient Philology: Li Xueqin's Initial Stage of Ancient Philology, Tang Lan's Introduction to Ancient Philology, Gao Ming's General Theory of Ancient Philology in China and Qiu Xigui's Summary of Philology.
Sixth, the allocation of class hours.
serial number
Teaching link
Learning time
Nominal name
give a lecture
exercises
Empirical test
Small plan
one
Characters and philology
six
two
The origin of Chinese characters
six
three
The construction of Chinese characters
nine
2
2
four
The essence of Chinese characters
six
five
Radical of Chinese characters
nine
six
Application of Chinese characters
nine
2
seven
Introduction to Chinese character learning
nine
2
General plan
54
54
Seven. Practical link
This course arranges two exercises. One is to let students practice and analyze the physical structure of Chinese characters and explore the original meaning of Chinese characters. On the other hand, let students practice academic analysis and comment on the works of an ancient linguist.
Eight. Suggestions on teaching methods
This course suggests that teachers should focus on teaching, under the guidance of teachers, let students practice teaching, learn to analyze the structure and meaning of commonly used Chinese characters by themselves, master the methods and means of analyzing and evaluating the academic works of linguists in past dynasties, and make correct analysis and evaluation.
Nine, the main teaching materials and reference books
1, Outline of Philology by Qiu Xigui, Commercial Press, 1999 edition;
2. Tang Lan's China Philology, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1979 edition;
3. Tang Lan's Introduction to Ancient Philology, Qilu Bookstore 198 1 Edition;
4. Gao Ming's General Theory of Ancient Chinese Characters in China, Peking University Publishing House,1994;
5. Li Xueqin's Primary Stage of Ancient Philology, Zhonghua Book Company, 1985 edition;
6. Ye Zhengbo's Chinese Character Radicals, China Federation of Literary and Art Circles Press, 200 1 edition;
7. Dong Lianchi's Interpretation of the Form and Meaning of Shuowen Radicals, Northeast Normal University Press, 2000;
8. Jiang Zhu's Morphology of Chinese Characters, Text Reform Press, 1959 edition;
9.[ Qing] Duan Yucai's Notes on Explaining Words, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1984 edition;
10, Selected Works of Linguistic Philology in China by Hong Cheng, Jiangsu People's Publishing House, 1982.
1 1, Ye Zhengbo, Li, Study on Bronze Inscriptions in Shang and Zhou Dynasties, China University of Mining and Technology Press, 1998.
X. comprehensive exercise
See: After each chapter of Ye Zhengbo's Chinese Character Radical.
XI。 This outline was written by Professor Ye Zhengbo from the College of Literature of Xuzhou Normal University.