1 186, a Song Ci, was born in Tongyouli, Jianyang County, Fujian Province. His father named him Ci, the word Huifu. It can be seen that the names and characters of Song Ci have entrusted the ideal of this family. The words "kindness, kindness and father" can be explained as follows: I hope he will become a kind, sad and caring parent in the future, and his reputation will go down in history.
Song Ci entered imperial academy at the age of 20. Zhen, who presided over imperial academy at that time, was a famous Neo-Confucianism. I really found that the articles in Song Ci came from the heart and showed his feelings, so I valued him very much. The early teachers and friends of Song Ci had a great influence on his academic progress and later thoughts.
12 17, Song Ci is a Jinshi, and the court sent him to Yinxian County, Zhejiang Province as a junior officer to take charge of public security in a county.
1226, Song Ci became the chief document in Xinfeng county, Jiangxi province, mainly issuing documents and handling affairs, and officially embarked on his official career.
Song Ci 1232 made great achievements and was named the magistrate of Changting County, Fujian Province. Later, he served as the provincial judge of Shao, the provincial judge of Nanjian, the provincial judge of Guangdong and Guangxi, the provincial judge of Jiangxi and the magistrate of Ganzhou.
124 1 year, Song Ci learned about the military situation in Changzhou. Later, he was appointed as the criminal officer of Zhimi Pavilion in Hunan and served as an envoy of the court. It's Gao Qian's business to serve the Fourth Road in the Zhibao Mo Pavilion. 1249, Ba Zhihuan learned that Guangzhou and Guangdong were responsible for military and political affairs along the route.
Song Ci has served as a senior criminal officer four times in his career of more than 20 years, and worked in judicial prisons all his life. Long-term professional work has enabled him to accumulate rich experience in forensic examination.
As a prison officer, Song Ci attaches great importance to human life and seeks truth from facts in the process of listening, arguing and reasoning. He attaches great importance to the actual inspection of the case. He believes that prison affairs are more important than monarch, monarch is more important than first love, and first love is more important than investigation. Cover the right of life and death, waste the opportunity of flexion and extension, and that's settled.
It means that beheading is the heaviest punishment, which is determined by the facts of the crime, and the facts of the crime must be tested before they can be identified, so the result of the test is often life and death.
Only in this way, the inspection must not be perfunctory and go through the motions, but must be serious and responsible, "seeking truth from facts" and must find out the true situation of the case. "It is important to judge without losing money."
To do this, Song Ci believes that inspection officials must "see for themselves". No matter where the crime occurs, we should also "visit the body personally" and "avoid serious injury" Otherwise, it should be punished with a stick for dereliction of duty. Even if the case happened in summer and the body smelled bad, the inspection official "must be single-minded and can't avoid odor."
Another outstanding performance of non-clay teacher education in Song Ci is his attitude towards the corpse, especially whether he can expose and examine the hidden part of the corpse. According to the dogma of "seeing, listening, speaking, and behaving indecently" and "there is no delusion inside, and there is no madness outside" in Neo-Confucianism, when examining a corpse, the hidden parts should be covered up to avoid suspicion of "delusion" and "madness".
Because of the actual need of inspection, Song Ci completely broke the forbidden area of corpse inspection by contradicting the ethical concepts and specific practices at that time. He warned the inspection officials that no one should cover the secret place, and all the holes must be "carefully inspected" to see if there are deadly foreign objects such as needles and knives inserted into them.
Song Ci especially pointed out: "Anyone who tries women cannot avoid it" and should be carried to "a bright and stable place". If the deceased is a rich girl, it is necessary to carry the body to the road for inspection, "so that everyone can see it and avoid suspicion."
Neo-Confucianism, that is, Taoism, is too "evil" to examine corpses like this. However, it is very necessary to find out the case and prevent relevant personnel from using this ethical concept to cover up the truth of the case. What is commendable is that Song Ci resolutely obeyed the reality and swept away the Taoist spirit.
Song ci wrote his own experience into a collection of questions, which is the first work of forensic medicine. As a result, this book became a necessary book for prison officials at that time and later generations, almost regarded as the golden rule, and its authority even exceeded the relevant laws promulgated by the feudal court.
In Yi Yuan Ji, although some investigation methods belong to the category of experience, they are amazing to future generations. For example, using an oil umbrella to check the scar of a bone is an example: a bone is an opaque object that selectively reflects sunlight. When the light passes through the bright oil umbrella or the new oil silk umbrella, part of the light that affects observation is absorbed, and it is easy to see scars.
In addition, there are drugs such as bad, vinegar, Bai Mei and gallnut. It can prevent external infection, eliminate inflammation and fix wounds. Wait, the list goes on.
The purpose of using and recording these methods in Song Ci is to find out the real cause of death and injury, and these methods all embody the scientific spirit of seeking truth from facts.
Song ci