This article is dedicated to Lu Xun.
Yes, he came back, he came back.
At night, another sleepless rain curtain sounded the rainy night of returning home. There is no wind, the candle is red, and the return date is not far away. I wrote these rapidly decaying words under the lamp.
Some people say that Sima Qian's handwriting is like a knife, while Yan Zhenqing's handwriting is like a stone. So sometimes I can't help laughing at myself. Compared with others, our young students seem to be just ants in life. So I belittle myself and look down on myself-I think everyone has had this mentality. But in order to survive, we still have to write. The worst creation of the ancients was to write for the sake of writing. Now, we can't even write for the sake of writing! What a terrible thing it is! It seems that we only write for three meals a day. For these rations, we are called "writers". Perhaps this is an era of materialism and money first, but now everything is on the rise. Prices, house prices, and pork are rising faster than the fucking flood, rising three times a day and reaching unknown so. So, you can outrun Liu Xiang, but you will never outrun CPI! !
Yes, he came back, he came back. On this clear night, when the banana is listening to the rain, the banana outside the window is painted with a new green, which is intoxicating and reverie, but the rain is ruthless. Cold rain attacks its roots, its leaves, its green, its red-the red of the future. In the future spring, it will draw a touch of purples more than a foot high!
Yes, he's back. He doesn't write for fame, he doesn't write for mouth, he only writes silently for his own will, and he only writes for the secrets hidden in his heart.
So his return is precious in this night outside the window, so in my opinion, his return is the return of humanity.
Because human beings need a person to sow the hope of life in the moonlight, and then one night outside the window, people heard the sound of bananas jointing. ...
The artistic conception of "the sound of falling fruit" may not be suitable for such a rainy night, but spring, the spring that has gone and returned, is so beautiful!
He's back, he's back, light rain and smoke. He's back. The wind is tight and birds are singing. He came back, enjoying the breeze in March. He is back, and the February River is rushing. He came back, the January snow had just melted, and the bright moon only showed half a cheek. He came back, he came back.
About Wang Wei
Inscription: I am writing my graduation thesis, confused and to the point. Please comment on two paragraphs, thank you.
-
Because Wang Wei's Zen poems left a deep impression on people, so in most people's eyes, Wang Wei will always be the one who "leans on the bamboo and I play the piano and hum songs", but it is easy to forget the magnificence of "looking back at the carving, a thousand miles of clouds are flat", "persuading you to drink more wine and leave the West for no reason" and "urging you to get together more as a symbol of our love" in Wang Wei's world. Perhaps mountain springs and moonlight are the most beautiful, but they are by no means all.
The "Four Spirits" poets in the Song Dynasty (Zhao Xu, Xu Qian, Zhao Shixiu and Weng Juan) "used flowers, bamboo, cranes, monks, harps, medicines, tea and wine", and the weather was small "([Song] Fang Hui. A review of english and sui dynasties. Shanghai:. The object of patriarchal clan system of "Four Spirits" poets is Jia Dao and Yao He in Tang Dynasty. Jia and Yao, two people with narrow climate, don't know why some people in later generations told others not to learn, but chose to learn from others. First-class great poets can combine all the images, such as clouds and air, chess windows and idle shadows, joyful red and green, and lonely moons and cold stars. The following are some statistics on the images and words used in 387 poems by Wang Wei included in The Whole Tang Poetry:
Look at the color first. In these poems, the colorful "red" * * is used 2 1 time, "gold" * * * is used 58 times, and "yellow" * * * is used 30 times; The bright and simple "white" was used 94 times; "Green" from plants was used 73 times and "green" was used 22 times; The suppressed "black" is only four times, and there is no "gray" at all. It can be seen that:
First, like Li Bai, Wang Wei likes bright white.
Secondly, Wang Wei's poems give people a quiet impression, but in fact he uses "gold" many times, and there are also many "red" and "yellow".
Thirdly, Wang Weiduo's pastoral poems have more plant colors. It is worth noting that "green" is more than "green". Is it because green is deeper than green evil?
Fourthly, there are still a certain number of "black" and "gray" in Li Bai's poems for comparison, while Wang Wei simply avoids talking about them.
Fifth, on the whole, Wang Wei's poems are rich in color, unlike some poets who only have a single tone.
Look at the images in Wang Wei's poems again. When Wang Wei's poems are mentioned, people often think of white clouds and bright moons. In these poems, "cloud" appears 138 times, and "moon" appears 55 times, which is quite a lot. Among the plants, "bamboo" appeared 32 times, "grass" appeared 60 times and "flower" appeared 83 times. You may think that Wang Wei's poems are simple and elegant, but the image of "flower" is more than the sum of "grass" and "bamboo". It can be seen that Wang Wei's flowers are not "clouds need clothes, flowers need capacity". There were frontier fortress themes in Wang Wei's early poems, but Wang Wei seemed to hate weapons, so he didn't use the word "sword" and only used "knife" twice, once because of the place name, which was in sharp contrast to Li Bai's holding several people. In addition, Wang Wei only used the word "blood" once, which reflected his character. However, the lack of weapons and bloody words does not mean that Wang Wei's poems lack majestic artistic conception. "Clouds and thunder are hard to transport, rivers and seas sink" ("See Doctor Wei stays in Tokyo"), "Looking back and shooting sculptures, thousands of miles of clouds are flat" ("Hunting"), clouds can also be transformed into magnificent shapes in Wang Wei's hands. Also, "horse" appeared 53 times in Wang Wei's poems. Most of the horses in the poems were ridden by the poet himself, and more were Mercedes-Benz horses, which also revealed the poet's mind.
In addition, from the change of poetic form, we can also glimpse the poet's personality characteristics from one side. For example, Shangguan Yi's poems, the whole Tang poetry, contain 19 poems, among which there is only one miscellaneous poem (mainly five words), three seven words, and the rest are all five words. Moreover, in these five-character poems, there are many similarities in structure and scene exchange. Shangguan Yi in the history was pedantic and straightforward, and when he was not sure enough, he urged Emperor Gaozong: "The queen is willful and disappointed at home, so she should abandon it to suit her heart" ([Song] Ouyang Xiu, Song Qi. Book of the New Tang Dynasty 1 18. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1975), but his poems are elegant and round, but the brushwork is soft and can reflect each other. The most obvious negative example is the poet Li Bai. Various schools are at your fingertips. Even if you are not good at worldly desires, you can make a Phoenix platform to shine on you. Li Bai was not fettered by worldly things all his life, and his poems were illusory and unpredictable. Sometimes the opening seems to be not a miscellaneous layout, but it is said that it will escape from the side. From five to seven and then to nine, it changes naturally and flows like a dream (like climbing Mount Tianmu). Of course, this is because of talent, but personality factors can not be ignored.
From this perspective, some people may classify Wang Wei as Shangguan Yi-indeed, when we think of Wang Wei, we will think of his five laws and five wonders, but when we think about it, it is only because his five-character poems are so excellent. In fact, there are many swan songs in Wang Wei's seven-character poems, such as "Cheng Wei Qu" and "Mountain Holiday Silu Brothers", which are all first-class masterpieces in Tang poetry and are by no means inferior to poets who specialize in writing seven-character poems. Five words are always expensive, and seven words are expensive. People who are good at collecting are not good at writing, and those who are good at releasing are easy to bind their hands and feet. Wang Wei, on the other hand, gathers the moon and hides the stars, releasing spring water, which is natural and natural, not inferior to Taibai, and cleverly loses Lao Du.
Moreover, Wang Wei also has many rare six-character poems in the Tang Dynasty, such as "Peach Blossom with Rain, Willow Green with Spring Smoke" in "Seven Pastoral Songs". The phrase "flowers fall at home, servants are not swept, and guests in the mountains are still sleeping" has the rhyme of Song Ci, but the height of Song Ci is raised. The realm of poetry is different, and those who can write ci in Tang Dynasty are Taibai, Xiangshan and octagonal. Although Wang Wei has no lyrics, the rich meanings in his six-character poems can also explain Wang Wei's rich emotions and talents.
In addition, Wang Wei's four-character poems are also well written, which is extremely rare among poets in the Tang Dynasty. As we all know, due to the invasion and migration of ethnic minorities, the ancient sounds before the Han and Wei Dynasties changed greatly to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, so it can be said that four-character poems are just words. At the same time, the exquisite atmosphere of the literary world in the Tang Dynasty made most poets no longer in the mood to write four-character poems. Wang Wei's four-character poem "Repaying a Gentleman" begins with "I am sorry for the loss, but I am sorry for this lonely life." Screen in Lantian, plough in thin fields. At the age of 20, I lost my tax in order to serve the prosperous times. In the morning, when I arrived in Gaodong, the grass was not exposed, which was quite charming, showing Wang Wei's thorough understanding of the spiritual temperament of ancient poetry. And at the back, "Watch the tuna and overlook the white sand." Birds are flying in the mountains, and the sun is uncertain. Get on the bus, get on the horse, and suddenly disappear. The words "the birds are lonely and the crows are empty" have the ethereal beauty of quatrains. The whole poem is light, layered, swaying and natural. Finally, the Wang Wei-style ending of "returning to solitude" makes the whole poem calm, and several artistic conceptions are skillfully mixed together, showing the poet's rich inner world.
In a word, the quiet beauty in Wang Wei's poems is a general image. If the details are specific, we will be surprised to find that Wang Wei's poems are actually all-encompassing. A poor poet can only create style with deliberate images, while the style of a truly great poet is displayed to readers through thousands of images as a whole. It looks like a grain of Ganges sand, but in fact, there are three thousand worlds, and talents are unpredictable.
About Wu Zetian
In the first year of Guangzhai after the Tang and Five Dynasties, Li and others launched a rebellion aimed at opposing the weighing system of Wuhou. This rebellion is famous for King Robin's "begging Wu Zhao for Xu Jingye". Although the rebellion was quickly put down, Wang Luobin's masterpiece left a deep impression in the eyes of the world. "For Xu Jingye, Ask Wu Zhao" is vigorous and fluent, and its eternal literary value is highly praised by scholars. Perhaps his recitation of the crimes committed by the Martial Arts Master is of great documentary value, which contributed to the final nailing of the Martial Arts Master to the shame column of history. If this article is confirmed in its creation time, we will appreciate its profound historical and cultural proposition from inside and outside. Among them, the formation and maintenance of social power and the relationship between intellectuals and those in power are the most alarming. The harshness of this aspect not only constitutes the confusion of intellectuals for thousands of years, but also entangles the heavy and distorted fate of intellectuals for thousands of years, which is still puzzling.
The great humanistic value of Qiuqiu is embodied in its first chapter, that is, the part describing Wu's crimes. It not only provides an ugly ruling sample for history, but also hints at some unsolved mysteries in history. For the convenience of narration, this part is marked with clauses. The article said: "① Those who are false to the Wu family are not harmonious in nature and the land is really poor. (2) Yesterday, Emperor Taizong sent a letter to Chen, who served him easily. (3) in the evening festival, promiscuous erotic palace. (4) Concealing the private affairs of the first emperor and making secret plans for the Chamber of Secrets. 5 novices are jealous, and moths refuse to let people. 6. Cover your ears and steal the bell, and flattery will confuse the Lord. ⑦ Go to Zhai Zhai after practicing Yuan, and you are trapped. 8 Take lizards as the heart, and jackals are natural. Pet-name ruby near pet-name ruby evil out of the way, kill loyalty. Attending kill my sister, Brother Tu, and kill your parents. People and gods are jealous, and heaven and earth are not allowed. " That's enough. So far, the quotation basically reflects the great value of this article-its verifiable content is enough to provide the world with an authoritative specimen of moral corruption; And its unprovable part points out the direction for researchers.
Now let's see what these contents are. At the beginning of the article, the current situation and history were combined. What is the reality? The emperor has come of age, and the queen mother's address system to the imperial court is incompatible with the ancient system. What's even more surprising is that the queen mother's personality, which violates the symmetrical system, is also very problematic. "Sexual disharmony" does mean something. In his early years, after establishing the status of Wu, he wanted to abolish the queen and king at that time. So he disagreed with Minister Chu Suiliang. Wu Shi, who had been hiding behind his tent, said, "Why don't you behead this old man?" "It's really cold" or there are several solutions. Wu's father status is not very high, because she is not married in her own home, she is even more humble. Because of this, Wu Shi is just a talent in Taizong Palace, and this is one of them. Wu Shi was demoted to the palace by Tang Gaozong from Saman, which is also a reason. Empress and Empress Dowager should both appear as masters of the world, and Wu Shi obviously has nothing to do with this. The appearance of such a figure in North Korea is really a big joke in history. (2) The sentence further publicizes the origin of Wu. Since Wu Shi was once ruled by Emperor Taizong, it is obviously the fault of Emperor Taizong to accept him as a concubine again. Of course, the focus of Wang Luobin is not to arrange the mistakes of the two late emperors, but only to emphasize Wu's embarrassing background. (3) The sentence is inexplicable. In the past, people regarded this festival as the Evening Festival, which was relative to the Tang Taizong Dynasty. Wu Shi was Emperor Taizong first, then Emperor Taizong, which was really filthy. However, judging from Wu's dissolute habits in the future, it makes sense to hear indecent articles in the Gaozong Palace. The fourth sentence once again mentions Wu's personal service to the two emperors, and shows that his original status as queen was obtained through improper means. When it comes to the abolition of the queen, Wu Shi's tricks are well known in both the government and the public. ⑤ Sentence Review the brief process and key points of Wu's accession to the throne. That's true. Tang Gaozong, who has always been weak, showed unique fortitude when he was abolished. The results show that the opposition of the ruling and opposition parties can't stop the emperor from going his own way. ⑦ sentence is the result of ⑦ sentence. The second half of the sentence was interpreted by predecessors as that Wu Shi was trapped in the brutality of Taizong and Gaozong because he was a father and son. Indeed, if Wu Shi only hides something from the emperor and doesn't make a fool of himself in front of the world, even if this kind of behavior is despised, it is easier to swallow this tone if it is concealed. However, Tang Gaozong drank Wu's ecstasy soup, and he didn't show his ugliness in this world. This is also called helplessness. Perhaps the previous explanation is not sufficient. In the early days of the Emperor Gaozong, Wu instructed him to let his eldest son, the deposed Prince Jong Li, die. Jong Li's accusation of treason was obviously not accepted by the ruling and opposition parties. In this sense, Emperor Gaozong's cruelty is due to Wu Shi. This sentence is the conclusion of Wu's behavior, not a hypothesis. Wu's poison is also famous: in order to bring down the queen, he did not hesitate to suffocate his own daughter; She got her wish, cut off the hands and feet of the queen and the little princess, and threw them into the wine jar to drown. As for poisoning his son, Prince Hong, and starving his daughter-in-law, it is even more outrageous. Pet-name ruby the first half of the sentence, predecessors explained that Wu Shi reuse traitors such as Li Yifu. This solution is not accurate. After all, people like Li are still court ministers, and they can't all be accused of evil. During the years, Guo Xingzhen, a Taoist priest recruited by the Wu family, went in and out of the Forbidden City and made a witch wish, which was discovered and almost caused a storm after the abolition. From the beginning of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the witch wish was strictly forbidden by the royal family. As a queen, Wu Shi committed a crime himself. Although it was a long time ago when Wang Luobin wrote this article, it is still a big crime. The second half of this sentence needs no solution. Wuji, Lai Ji, Han Yuan, Chu Suiliang and Yu Zhining were all framed by Wu. The "brother-sister love" in the sentence 10 can point out its evidence: the elder sister refers to the Korean wife, Wu's half-sister, who was poisoned by Wu for having an affair; Brothers refer to Wu's half-brothers, Wu and Wu, and cousins-these four were rude to Wu's mother and daughter earlier, and Wu was made queen and promoted. They were ungrateful and were finally executed by Wu Shi for picking fights. The word "your mother" has not been solved. There is no evidence in historical materials that Wu Shimou killed Gao Zong. However, after the eldest son of Wu, Prince Li Hong, was poisoned, he made an exception to pay tribute to the emperor, which may provide weak evidence for the word regicide. When lady lady said it, it was gone. Maybe it was written by Luo in order to match the syllable with the previous sentence. However, before that, Wu's crime was shocking enough, and it seemed unnecessary for his leaders to arrange a perjury, which undermined the overall authenticity of Wu's crime. In the absence of evidence, I can only speculate that this matter may be related to Mrs. Han's death. Wu poisoned his sister, otherwise he might be questioned by his mother Yang, and her mother was killed. After all, I'm afraid this has become an eternal mystery.
At this point in writing, Wu's sin is irrefutable. Problems have also arisen. In China's long feudal society, there were many bad emperors and tyrants, but what is certain is that there are so many people like Wu who have bad conduct and openly committed crimes that they can't find a second one. Theoretically speaking, the emperor should be the norm of moral ethics in the world. There is no doubt that the regime headed by Wu has lost its morality. Even if it didn't go bankrupt before, it will definitely go bankrupt after Luo's publicity. However, there is no indication that the moral decay of the Wu regime has weakened its authority in any sense. According to this, can it be said that moral factors are not crucial to the survival of a regime? This is really surprising, but it is a harsh fact. So, what are the elements of maintaining a political power? In other words, it is the distribution of benefits brought by power-when a power can effectively benefit the people, it can always operate effectively. The best proof of this is the era of Wu Zetian.
Wu Zetian is not famous for killing heroes, but the number of heroes she killed is among the best in history. The so-called heroes here refer to those who have worked hard to gain power for them, and more than half of them have been killed by her, which means kicking down the ladder. It is worth mentioning that she is so affected that she is not worried that no one will work for her regime. It is rumored that someone did remind her of this, but her answer was very intriguing. She pointed out that although a moth died in the fire, it did not stop other moths from continuing to pounce on the fire, because as long as it was a moth, it was bound to do so. That's true. Scholars trained by society can only show their social value if they enter official positions. No wonder they have no hesitation in their lifelong pursuit of being an official in the DPRK. Therefore, although there is an old saying in China that a gentleman is like a tiger, there are still many people who can't wait to be with him. This may be related to the relationship between supply and demand, because the number of social status distribution determined by imperial power is always far lower than the number of obvious and potential job seekers in society. In feudal times, intellectuals wanted to serve the society, and there was no other way out except to be an official. The so-called "practicing martial arts to sell the royal family" has no choice but the "favor" of the emperor. Is Wu Zetian himself, but also by netting Tang Gaozong to seize power and expand power step by step. Wu Zetian and others, who are well versed in the three flavors of power and have achieved great success, despise intellectuals and other talents from their bones, use them first and then kill them mercilessly, and there is no danger that talents will be cut off. Therefore, when many people are still willing to work for this regime, it is difficult to collapse. This is the unswerving secret of the Wu regime. At the same time, this reality also confirms such a harsh social law-no matter how many social elites are eliminated, a regime will not collapse immediately. The price it must bear is only the stagnation of social development and the darkness of social life, and all these disasters happen to be deeply felt by the bottom of society, including the devastated class. Since the abuser has not suffered any direct losses during the period of abuse, how can he expect these abuses to stop?
Luo's article not only reveals Wu Han's family background, but also reveals a traitor's own problem, that is, Wu Han's misdeeds were not widely known until Luo wrote the article, so why did he suddenly put forward the general ledger when he rose up? It turned out that Xu Jingye and others were demoted for violating the samurai law, and some disgruntled elements gathered in one place, which led to a chaos. Then, if not, Wu Zetian would be ten times more guilty, and Xu Jingye and others would not be in trouble. Therefore, the resistance of Xu Jingye and others is not out of righteous indignation above all else, but entirely because Wu Zetian's revolutionary revolution fell on them, seriously damaging their personal vested interests. They were selfish and finally took risks. The most wonderful thing is that they actually made such impassioned public opinion, although they are not car-scrapping in their bones. No wonder people like Wu Zetian look down on intellectuals. As long as they can be attached to them, they will always take it seriously. If you can't attach yourself to them, you will make a fuss and most of them will fail. The so-called scholar rebelled and nineteen failed.
More importantly, Xu Jingye failed to resist. His head fell to the ground and his family was killed. Even the ancestral graves were stripped by Wu Zetian. At the beginning, it was Xu Jingye's grandfather Li Ji who kept his promise, paved the way for Wu Zetian to become a queen and presided over an unprecedented coronation ceremony for Wu Zetian. His contribution to Wu Shi should be unparalleled, but in the end he dug a grave and whipped the body. Anyone who contributes to Wu Zetian will come to no good end. I don't know whether this is retribution or the inevitable result of making a terrible mistake. The history of China provides too many examples in this respect. Perhaps it is this bad prognosis that keeps the conscience of the whole society and limits the expansion of evil forces. In any case, the duration of Wu Zetian's regime is amazing. Because of Wu's earlier humble behavior and pursuit of power, it was strongly resisted by the absolute majority of imperial orthodox forces, so Wu regime had natural hostility to so-called decent people. Just like Wu's own power and vulgar conduct, the three abuses of the court during Wu Zetian's period were much more unusual. Moreover, these inferior people disdain to appear in a hypocritical face and show off their ugly qualities everywhere. The whole court was filled with smoke, and people with a sense of justice and talent were always at a disadvantage, and their talents withered. In this state, Wu Zetian's regime has experienced many foreign troubles and internal worries, and instigated countless bloody incidents. As a result, it is invincible, which is not conducive to people. Do those people with extremely bad conduct have the ability to govern the country? Of course not. At best, those scum can only constitute Wu's power and strengthen its momentum, and the national economy and people's livelihood related to the fate of the world must be cooked by decent people. As a result, history has produced a strange phenomenon, that is, although in most cases, talented and upright people have been devastated, just like the compensation function of biology and physiology, those knowledge management talents who survived the disaster have been overloaded, played beyond their level, and completed those seemingly impossible things under extremely unfavorable conditions, and finally safeguarded the society from collapse.
Like most tyrants in history, Wu Zetian's regime basically did not lose to any political forces, but ended due to the natural law of time. As a result, many propositions revealed in Luo's "A Letter from Xunwu" more than 1000 years ago have always occupied people's thinking. It is painfully discovered that this problem has not been completely solved because of the evolution of the times. Fortunately, today's intellectuals can realize their value without official career.