What are the myths and legends in ancient times?

Nu Wa, the goddess of mending heaven, is the greatest goddess in ancient China mythology. Her great and well-known achievements are making people and mending the sky. 1. The myth that Nu Wa created man first appeared in Qu Yuan's Tian Wen: Nu Wa has a body, who made it? Who made Nuwa's body? This question is really strange at first glance. Nu Wa made other people's bodies. How did her body come from? Looking through historical records: I: ancient saints, people who educated everything. In other words, Nu Wa is a goddess, and the greatness of this god lies in devoting his life to making people and mending the sky. The complete story of Nu Wa's creation of human beings can be found in Customs Tong: It is said that the heavens and the earth have opened and there is no one left. Nu Wa's loess is a human being, and the sitting audience was at a loss, so they dragged the rope into the mud and lifted it as a human being. -Taiping Magnolia Volume 78 Attractive The fantasy made of loess is bizarre, but it still has a certain real life foundation. Our ancestors lived in the loess area of the Yellow River Basin. After inventing the pottery-making technology, it is easy for them to associate with the process of making pottery with clay as the blank, and human beings may also be molded with clay. Nu Wa is a myth of loess people, a reflection of this reality and a naive explanation of the origin of human beings at that time. Nu Wa not only created people, but also thought about how to make these people reproduce from generation to generation, so she established a marriage system so that both men and women can have their own children. Therefore, later generations regard Nu Wa as your daughter, which means the god of marriage. Every spring and sunny February, young men and women can release the sun and the moon. As for those who are married but have no children, they also come to the temple to ask God to give them children, and Nu Wa, the god of marriage, also acts as the goddess of giving them away. During the Zhou Dynasty-Spring and Autumn Period, there were many places for young men and women to get married on their own, such as Sanglin in Song State, Yunmengze in Chu State and Qinhe in Zheng State. Nu Wa created human beings and established a marriage system for them. People live in peace, happiness and harmony, but one year great changes have taken place in the universe. 3. In ancient times, the goddess of heaven died, the four poles were abolished, Kyushu was cracked, the sky was not covered, the land was unfamiliar, the fire was not inflamed, the water was endless, animals ate people, and birds caught the old and weak. So Nuwa practiced five-color stones to make up the sky, and the broken claws were enough to set up four poles, killing the black dragon to help Jizhou, and accumulating reed ash to stop water diversion. The sky fills the sky, the four poles are right, the water leaks, Jizhou is flat, the cunning insects die, the people's livelihood improves, Fangzhou is back, and the sky is round ... At this time, animals and snakes have hidden their minions and thorns, and have no intention of catching and biting. This story clearly reflects many natural disasters suffered by primitive people, including meteors and earthquakes, volcanoes and floods, as well as insects, snakes, tigers and leopards. The success of mending the sky vividly reflects the great victory of mankind in the struggle with nature. The significance of Nu Wa's image lies in that she embodies this victory, people's confidence and optimism in overcoming nature, and the courage, wisdom and strength of our ancestors in struggle for existence. Nu Wa not only painstakingly created mankind, but also protected mankind with great courage. She has made such great achievements, which reflects the primitive people's love and reverence for human mothers. This myth originated from the matriarchal clan era in the early primitive society. (2) Kuafu kuafu myth day by day is also one of the famous myths in ancient times. It was first seen in Shan Hai Jing: there are mountains in the wild, which is called the day of Chengdu. Some people named two yellow snakes Kuafu. After the earth gave birth to letters, the letters gave birth to Kuafu ... Kuafu overreached himself and wanted to chase the sun's shadow, but he caught it in Yugu. You will drink the water from the river, but it is not enough. You will go to osawa, but you will die here before you arrive. -"Wild West Classic" Kuafu drove out of Japan and entered Japan. If you are thirsty, you will get a drink. If you drink river water and Wei water, they are not enough. If you drink the water from northern osawa, you will die of thirst. Abandoned his staff and became Deng Lin. -"Overseas Classics" Kuafu is a giant with great strength. One day, he suddenly had the idea of chasing the sun and racing with it. When he wanted to catch up, the sun was scorching him, and with a day of hunger and thirst, he leaned down and drank the water from the Yellow River and Weihe River in one breath, but he was still thirsty. He ran to the north again, wanting to drink water from osawa, but he died of thirst before he arrived. The sun brings light and warmth to the earth, which is of great benefit to mankind, but sometimes it also burns crops and causes drought. Primitive people certainly wanted to understand and control it. Qu Yuan's query about the sun's "coming from Tanggu, second only to Meng Ying, self-evident, and several miles" (Tian Wen) reflects the ancient people's interest in exploring the law of the sun's operation. Kuafu's pursuit of the sun is also to observe, understand and further control the sun. Kuafu chased the sun with great heroism, ran wildly, endured the thirst that rivers and lakes could not dispel, and finally caught up with the sun in a place called "Fish Valley" (that is, Yuyuan Garden, at sunset). Although he died of thirst later, his lofty and dignified spirit and perseverance have always fascinated people. What is even more exciting and encouraging is that his huge pole and staff have turned into a forest full of lush trees and peaches and plums, giving successors a cool place to quench their thirst and enabling them to finish their unfinished business. The image of Kuafu embodies the primitive people's strong desire to understand the mystery of the sun and the macro ideal of conquering nature. The whole myth is full of positive and optimistic romantic spirit. (3) Shooting for ten days In ancient books, there are two "Yi": one is the "God" Yi, also known as Yi, who was famous for "shooting for ten days" in the era of Emperor Yao; The other is the human nature in the Taikang era of Xia Dynasty, also known as "Hou Yi". The two have been mixed together since Qu Yuan, but they are not alone. The legendary Yi is said to have been sent to the world by the emperor to help relieve all kinds of dangers: the emperor gave Yi Tong a bow to help the country, and Yi was the first person to take care of all the difficulties on the land. -What good deeds have Shan Hai Jing and Hai Nei Jing done to save democracy? "Huai Nan Zi Ben" said: Yao, a total of 10 days out, burning crops, killing vegetation, the people have no food. Anger, tooth picking, giving birth to nine babies, strong winds, closing the altar and repairing snakes are all human hazards. Yao is the man who killed nine babies in the wild in China, killed nine babies by floating on fierce water, shot up and down in the castle peak for ten days, killed snakes in Dongting and sealed birds in mulberry forest. All the people are very happy. According to this record, Yao's instructions have successively completed seven major events, such as cutting teeth, killing nine babies, paying strong attention to the wind, shooting for ten days, killing cockroaches, breaking snakes and sealing birds. The act of shooting for ten days has been told by later generations, not only because it is most beneficial to "people", but also because its artistic conception has grown and broadened, and its imagination is fantastic and magnificent, which is really a rare product in mythology. The easy thing to do is to save the ball to the people. In order to accomplish this sacred mission, he fought against all kinds of vicious enemies and showed extraordinary courage and perseverance. He is indeed a brave hero who endangers the people. Yi can build such a great career because he is different from other mythical heroes. He has brilliant archery. Moreover, it is said that he invented the bow and arrow. Mozi said, "The ancients made bows." (Mozi Feiru) Therefore, this myth not only describes Yi's great achievements, it is a magnificent heroic epic, but also praises archers and archers through Yi's image, and it is also an enthusiastic ode to production technology. (4) The myth of Jingwei's reclamation is relatively short, but it is a famous myth with profound contents. She may come from a coastal tribe. Life is threatened by waves, so the desire to fill the sea arises: the mountain where doves are built has many trees on it. There is a bird that looks like black, has a prefix, has a white beak and is barefoot. Call jingwei, singing is inferior to shame. It's Yan Di's girl. It's called a girl. The girl drowned while swimming in the East China Sea, so she is Jingwei. I often hold the name of wood and stone in the western hills, which makes me hold it in the East China Sea. -"Mountains and Seas, Beijing, North Mountain Scenery" Jingwei bird has a flower head, a white shell and red claws, and it looks very cute; That's Yandi's youngest daughter. She swam in the East China Sea and drowned there, which was very unfortunate. It is just a bird, but it wants to fill the vast and unfathomable sea with tiny wood and fine stones. Its ambition is almost bigger than the sea. In the extreme disparity between the East China Sea and Jingwei, the latter's amazing will and perseverance are more obvious, and the tragic and touching artistic power is also produced here. Jingwei's reclamation is not just revenge of personal hatred. Because in ancient times, more than one girl was killed by the ruthless sea. This myth reflects people's general hope to fill the sea and eliminate its threat. Jingwei is the embodiment of this beautiful wish. It reflects the strong desire to conquer the flood and the indomitable spirit of struggle. (5) The story of managing water by gun is the most famous and widely circulated myth and legend in China. The related records in ancient books are rich and complicated. The important information is as follows: The flood is terrible. I don't want to wait for the emperor's orders. The emperor ordered Zhu Rong to kill the gun in the feather suburb. Spend the rest of my life in my stomach. The emperor ordered Yu Zu to pave the soil for Kyushu. -"Shan Hai Jing Ben Jing Xun" Shun Shi, * * * workers shook the deep flood to empty the mulberry, the Longmen was not opened, the Lvliang was not sent, the Jianghuai was flowing, and people all went up the hill and up the tree. -"Huai Nan Zi Ben Jing Xun" hinders the poor and weak in the Western Expedition. What is a rock? If you become a yellow bear, what can a witch do? Salt broadcasting is a camp, but what is its reason? -"Tian Wen" did not wait for the emperor's order to show the rebellious spirit of contempt for the emperor's authority, and the spirit of struggle was born in the womb.