Shi Shuo Xin Yu describes the anecdotes of Liu Song characters in the Southern and Northern Dynasties (420 ~ 58 1 year) from the later Han Dynasty to the Southern Dynasties. Written by Liu Song Imperial Clan (403-444), with a note by Liang (word filial piety). Liu Xiang, who wrote Shi Shuo in the Han Dynasty, has long since passed away. The book was originally named Shi Shuo, which was later distinguished from Liu Xiangshu, also known as Shi Shuo Shu Xin. It was renamed today after the Song Dynasty. There are eight volumes in the original book, ten volumes in Liu Xiao's notes, and three volumes in this book, which are divided into 36 subjects such as morality and speech. It describes the anecdotes of celebrities and nobles from the end of Han Dynasty to Liu Song Dynasty, which are mainly manifested in stories about people, metaphysics and smooth stories. Sui Shu Economic Journal listed him as a novelist. Although the individual facts recorded in this book are not accurate, they reflect the ideological style of the aristocratic families at that time, and preserve the historical materials of society, politics, thought, literature and language, which is of great value.
Many scholars gathered under Liu Yiqing's door. They wrote this book based on similar works of predecessors, such as Pei Qi's Yu Lin. Liu Yiqing only advocated and presided over the compilation, but the style of the book was basically the same, and there was no trace of copying books by multiple hands or groups, which should be attributed to the power of its editor-in-chief. Some Japanese scholars infer that the author of this book is He Changyu, a disciple of Liu Yiqing and a good friend of Xie Lingyun.
Liu xiaobiao's ancestral home is Qingzhou in the Southern Dynasties. In 469, the Northern Wei Dynasty captured Qingzhou. Later, he moved to Pingcheng, became a monk, and later became secular. Qi Yongming returned to Jiangnan in 486 to participate in the translation of Buddhist scriptures. The notes in this book were made by Liu after he returned to Jiangnan. He adopted the method of Pei Songzhi's annotation of the Three Kingdoms to fill the vacancy and correct the fallacy. There are countless filial piety and lucky money, and more than 400 kinds of books are cited. Yu Jiaxi's Notes on Shi Shuo Xin Yu, Xu Zhen's Notes on Shi Shuo Xin Yu and Yong Yang's Notes on Shi Shuo Xin Yu all have comments from later generations. Scholars in the Tokugawa era in Japan wrote several notes on Shi Shuo Xin Yu. Ma Ruizhi is also available in English, and Jia Mu Tian Cheng is available in Japanese and French.
Shi Shuo Xin Yu is the representative novel of Zhi Ren in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, which was compiled by Liu Yiqing in Southern Song Dynasty. According to the content, it can be divided into 36 categories, such as morality, speech, politics and literature. There are several books in each category, more than one thousand. Each text has a different length, some lines and some words. From this, we can see the attraction and characteristics of note novels. The content mainly records the words and deeds and anecdotes of some celebrities from the late Eastern Han Dynasty to the Jin and Song Dynasties. The characters in the book are all real people in history, but some of their remarks or stories are hearsay and do not conform to historical facts. A considerable part of this book is a jumble of books. For example, the stories of individual characters in the Western Han Dynasty, such as Guizhen and Yuan Xian, were collected from Historical Records and Hanshu. Other parts are also collected from previous records. The stories of some characters in Jin and Song Dynasties, such as the dialogue between Xie Lingyun and Kong Chunzhi in Speech, may be taken from rumors at that time because these characters are contemporary with Liu Yiqing.
Virtue first, speech second.
Politics is the third and literature is the fourth.
Founder fifth, magnanimous sixth.
Learn seventh and admire eighth.
The ninth rule of tasting seaweed is the tenth rule.
Realize eleven and benefit twelve.
Generosity thirteenth, Rong Zhi fourteenth.
From the fifteenth to the sixteenth.
Mourning the past, seventeenth, eighteenth.
Xuanyuan's first 19 operation solved the 20th.
Joey's first division and Li's second division.
Twenty-third birthday, twenty-four pride.
Tune 25 and despise 26.
False twenty-seventh, free twenty-eighth.
Thrift is twenty-nine, waste is thirty.
The thirty-first risk is the thirty-second risk.
I especially regret the mistakes of 33 and 34.
Confusion and drowning 35 feuds 36
Shi Shuo Xin Yu mainly describes the life and thoughts of scholars and the ruling class, reflecting the ideological deeds of scholars in Wei and Jin Dynasties and the life of the upper class. The record is quite rich and true. This description helps readers to understand the era and political and social environment in which the scholars lived at that time, and let us clearly see the so-called "Wei-Jin demeanor".
In addition, Shi Shuo Xin Yu makes good use of literary techniques such as metaphor, metaphor, exaggeration and description, which not only retains many well-known words, but also adds infinite glory to the book.
The current Shi Shuo Xin Yu has not only literary appreciation value, but also stories and literary allusions. Most of them are used by later writers and have a great influence on later notes.
From some chapters of Shi Shuo Xin Yu, we can see Liu Yiqing's tendency to compile this book. Such as morality, politics, elegance, the author generally holds a positive attitude towards the people and things in it; However, many articles, such as Ren Dan, Jane Eyre, Waste, Your Regret and Confusion, all hold a negative attitude towards the people and things written. Although other articles have no obvious attitude from the topic, they are still biased in writing. Generally speaking, Liu Yiqing praised some famous people in the late Han Dynasty. On the other hand, he affirmed and denied the speaker in Wei and Jin Dynasties. For example, Le Guang and others in the Jin Dynasty, whom he admired more, still talked about Kan Kan without violating the "famous religion"; As for people who despise "Ming Jiao" like Ruan Ji, they are dismissed as "crazy life". Although he disapproves of some historical figures, he appreciates some of their actions. For example, Wang Yan, who talked about the country's mistakes in the late Western Jin Dynasty, sometimes praised him for not caring about the "magnanimity" of others. For Huan Xuan, this is called early wisdom. Generally speaking, he still evaluates the characters according to the moral standards of the gentry.
The words and deeds of the characters recorded in Shi Shuo Xin Yu are often sporadic fragments, but they are concise and can convey the character characteristics of the characters. For example, in The Scholars, the advantages and disadvantages of Zuyue and Ruanfu are revealed only through two details: Zuyue's handling of property and Ruanfu's waxing of clogs. One is a miser, and the other is just out of love for clogs. With a few strokes, the character's personality is vividly on the paper. In the article Anger, Wang Shu became impatient. He ate an egg and got angry without breaking the shell with chopsticks, even stepping on it with his feet. He chewed it in his mouth and spit it out. In a few words, he vividly expressed his anger at that time.
In Shi Shuo Xin Yu, the space for memorizing words is larger than that for memorizing words. One of the characteristics of memorizing words is that they often record the spoken language at that time truthfully without carving, so some words are not easy to understand. For example, it is recorded in "Politics" that Wang Dao said to several "conference people" that "the moon is blue", which is a "nonsense"; The plaque also records that he said "He Nailu" in front of Liu Wei, and "Lu" means cold. In addition, proverbs such as "Adu" and "Ningxin" have also appeared many times. Another feature of it in memorizing words is that it can often express the character through a few sentences. For example, in Jane's Pride, Huan Chong asked Wang Huizhi what kind of official he was, and he replied, "Look at the horse, it seems to be Ma Su." I also asked him how many horses he had and how many died. He couldn't answer it, but he got it right with the words in The Analects of Confucius, vividly depicting the wild and heartless characteristics of a natural scholar. In You Regret, Huan Wen said to himself, "This silence will be laughed at by Wen (Jin Dynasty) and Jing (Jin Dynasty Sima)." Then he said, "Not forever, not forever!" These words also vividly describe the psychology of an ambitious minister. The last sentence is an inner confession, probably out of legend and imagination. There are also some words in the book that reflect the psychology of the characters, which are also vivid and vivid. For example, in the article Angry, Wang was angry with him and said, "Why don't you trust your brother?" Wang Tian shook off his hand and said, "It's as cold as a ghost's hand." There is a calm and a rage in the speech, which are very similar.
The words in Shi Shuo Xin Yu are generally simple prose, sometimes just like spoken language, but meaningful. They are also quite distinctive in the articles of Jin and Song Dynasties, so they have always been liked by people, and many of them have become common allusions in poetry.
Shi Shuo Xin Yu has an annotated edition of Liang Liuxiao. Liu Zhu's note is characterized by collecting many other ancient books and comparing them with the original text. Most of these materials are lost. The earliest extant version is the Song version. Japanese Kanazawa Library in Song Dynasty, with a copy of Tang Dynasty written by Japan. Four series of replicas of Jiajing Jiaxu Hall in Ming Dynasty. Yu Jiaxi's Notes on Shi Shuo Xin Yu is the best annotation of this book, printed by Zhonghua Book Company.
Shi Shuo Xin Yu is an anecdote about the characters of Liu and Song Dynasties from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Southern Dynasties during the Southern and Northern Dynasties (420 ~ 58 1 year). The author is Liu Yiqing (403-444 AD), king of Linchuan in Song Dynasty, and Liu Jun (word Xiao Biao), a native of Liang Dynasty, is the note. Liu Xiang wrote Shi Shuo in Han Dynasty, but it has been lost. Shi Shuo Xin Yu was originally named Shi Shuo, so it is also called Shi Shuo Shu Xin, which is different from Liu Xiang. After the Song Dynasty, it was changed to its present name.
Editor Liu Yiqing (403 ~ 444), the imperial clan of the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties, attacked and sealed the king of Linchuan and served as the secretariat of Jingzhou and Jiangzhou. Uncle Song? "Biography of Imperial Clans" said that he "likes literary meaning" and "wants to gather the scribes from near and far". He is the author of nine volumes of Xuzhou Sage Biography, Classic Narration, and the mystery novel Youming Road. Liu Yiqing's previous local chronicles (anecdotes) novels, such as Yu Lin by Jin Peiqi and Guo Zi by Guo Chengzhi, have been lost. Although Shi Shuo Xin Yu has been preserved, it is quite different from its original appearance by modern scholars' textual research based on the incomplete volume written in Tang Dynasty and deleted by later generations.
The popular version of Shi Shuo Xin Yu has 36 articles in 6 volumes. There are 36 branches of morality, language, politics, literature, founder, magnanimity, knowledge, praise, taste and admonition. The content mainly records the words and deeds and anecdotes of some celebrities from the late Eastern Han Dynasty to the Jin and Song Dynasties. The characters in the book are all real people in history, but some of their remarks or stories are hearsay and do not conform to historical facts. A considerable part of this book is a jumble of books. For example, the stories of individual characters in the Western Han Dynasty, such as Guizhen and Yuan Xian, were collected from Historical Records and Hanshu. Other parts are also collected from previous records. The stories of some characters in Jin and Song Dynasties, such as the dialogue between Xie Lingyun and Kong Chunzhi in Speech, may be taken from rumors at that time because these characters are contemporary with Liu Yiqing.