In short, all the heterogeneous phases that extend the ten realms or even the hundred realms are called three thousand realms. This 3,000-year-old world is nowhere else, but it is full of a heart that floats day and night, so it is called the 3,000-year-old heart. However, by the way, the figure of 3,000 is a general concept in theory, and there is no need to rigidly limit this figure. Jingxi, the sixth ancestor of Tiantai Sect, once said, "Three thousand people have infinite different names". In other words, the number 3000 only symbolically explains the "endless" difference.
In addition, we should pay special attention to the understanding of the three thousand thoughts: the "one thought" in the three thousand thoughts is neither after nor before the three thousand thoughts, nor before or after the three thousand thoughts. If you think you can give birth to 3 thousand with one heart, then you fall into the vertical; If you think 3000 is one heart at a time, then cross it. The real meaning of thinking about three thousand is that one thought is three thousand, and three thousand is one thought. What's more, this "namely" is neither the combination of two things nor the inversion behind it, but the realization of the whole body. Three thousand endless methods, all in one thought, that is, empty or false or middle. The body of five yin and the place where it is attached are also the same as this concept. Therefore, the six ancestors of Tiantai, Jing Xi Zun, once said in the third volume of "Stop Viewing and Auxiliary Travel" that there are ten evils in the land, ten evils in the land, and ten evils in the land of Buddha and Bodhisattva. "Although soil is different, it is no different from light, light is silent, and it is no different from soil." 〔 18〕
(a) Ten areas of common tools
Because every sentient being's thoughts are biased by emotions and are in the realm of delusion, corresponding to the ten realms, there are ten realms, namely, the realm of hell, the realm of beasts, the realm of hungry ghosts, the realm of Asura, the realm of heaven, the realm of human beings, the realm of seeing and hearing, the realm of feeling, the realm of bodhisattva and the realm of Buddha. So why are these ten dharmas called the Ten Dharma Boundaries? "Fahua Xuanyi" Volume 2:
One, more than ten are combined with the law, and there is no complex law outside the law, which can be collectively called the ten dharma circles. Second, these ten methods are divided into different parts, causal separation. Every saint is different, so it is bounded. Third, these ten articles are all dharma circles, and all laws are taken. All laws are interesting in hell, but they are interesting. They are regarded as rational and more helpless, hence the name dharma circles. Even in the Buddhist world, this is true. 〔 19〕
In the world we live in, there are always ten kinds of life: hell, beast, hungry ghost, Asura, man, heaven, hearing, feeling, bodhisattva and Buddha.
As far as the meaning of "legal circle" is concerned, there are three aspects: difference, indifference and equality. From the perspective of emptiness, the legal world is indifferent and indifferent; From the wrong point of view, the legal profession presents ten different stages; From the perspective of "difference is equality and equality is difference", then the difference in the legal world is equality.
Tiantai Sect's famous thought of "ten realms coexist" illustrates the relationship between the ten realms. Each of the ten realms has nine other realms, forming a small universe. For example, there are nine realms in Buddhism: hell, beast, hungry ghost, Asura, man, heaven, sound and smell, karma and bodhisattva. Each of the ten realms is the same, complete, absolute and complete legal realm, which is no different from the "one legal realm" that covers the differences of the ten realms. Therefore, in this sense, there is no difference between the big dharma circle and the small dharma circle, and between the big universe and the small universe. The so-called ten realms, each of which is the whole of the legal world. In detail, every realm from Buddhism to hell is the whole of dharma. In a word, it shows the whole in the individual.
If we analyze the interaction between the ten realms from the perspectives of morality, philosophy and religion, we can also find that the ten realms not only have the above three properties, but also have the principle of the ten realms for any law and anything. With one heart and ten hearts, one dharma circle has ten dharma circles. There are only hidden differences between them, and there is no difference. Any world has the properties of the other nine worlds. First, everything is one. First of all, from a moral point of view, hell is the most "evil" world, while Buddhism is the most "good" world, and all beings can practice from the worst world level to the highest world of good Buddhism. So it can be said that the top ten realms are the ethical world. Secondly, from the philosophical point of view, the ten realms have mutual philosophy, and the ten realms are also the concrete expression of the principle of totality. Thirdly, from the standpoint of religious practice, hell is the most fascinating world, Buddha is the highest realm of liberation, and people, heaven, sound, karma and bodhisattva are all progressive stages of practice. It can be seen that the ten dharma circles are a world outlook that integrates ethics, philosophy and religion.
From the philosophical point of view of sex toys, the ten dharma circles are not only one with ten realms, but also one with one heart and one mind. For example, in the underworld, there are hungry ghosts, animals, people, heaven and even Buddha's dharma realm, as well as hungry ghosts and even other nine realms of Buddha.
To sum up, the thought of interaction between the ten realms of the master shows Tiantai Jiao Yuan's "harmonious world view", that is, one thing has everything, and one thing has everything. All phenomena are the embodiment of legitimacy. The essence of legitimacy is polyphase, that is, heterogeneous. The essence of this stage is mutual entry, a wonderful phenomenon of "emptiness" and "being", and a dialectical factor of absolute moderation. "One is all things, all things are one" is also a phenomenon of legality (ontology), which does not exist separately from ontology, so it can be combined with each other. Ontology and phenomenon are two sides of the same thing, and sex is really inseparable from phenomenon, so it is said: "Being empty, one color and one fragrance is nothing more than the middle way." One of the characteristics of legitimacy is that everything is sufficient. For example, when our hearts are happy, the hearts of the other nine realms are not all gone. Therefore, one heart or one mind, one body or one body, is only divided because of different functions. The reality of the universe itself does not increase or decrease, only the difference between hidden and obvious (obvious in use), and there is no new life and no old retreat. Because truth is immortal, neither one nor many, that is, many are one, it is what it is. So, for example, you can give everything away and nothing will be lost. When the body and mind live in one world, the other nine worlds will still exist. It combines "emptiness" with the equality of all things, neither more nor less nor worse, and transcends all relativity and quantity, so it has an all-encompassing freedom that does not exist, does not increase or decrease. Vientiane is "empty", so every phenomenon has its own freedom and absoluteness. So, everything is all-inclusive.
(2) There are thousands of circles.
The ten realms mentioned above are mutual, that is, there are hundreds of realms from Buddhism to hell. This hundred worlds are matched with ten, that is, a hundred worlds are thousands. The second volume of Fahua Xuanyi said: "There are ten things in this dharma circle and a hundred things in the ten dharma circles. The other dharma circle has nine dharma circles and hundreds of dharma circles. " [20] The "ten realities" in the convenience goods of Hokke Kyo are the fundamental basis of the realities of various laws. Coupled with the "ten realms" in Huayan Jing, the ten realms interact, that is, "a hundred realms and thousands of images". So, what is "ten such"?
The first volume of Hokkekyo says: "Only Buddha and Buddha can study the reality of all laws. The so-called law is like phase, like sex, like body, like strength, like action, like cause, like life, if, like newspaper, like story ending. " ? [2 1] The wise master explained: phase is phase; Sex is nature and essence; The body is an entity; Force is a function; Doing is an activity; The reason is the main condition; Edge is an auxiliary condition; Fruit is the direct consequence; What is it? It is the whole process of the above nine. And think that the first five are "rights" and the last five are "reality". And explain ten such as, its original text is as follows:
General interpreters can call external evidence external evidence, internal evidence external evidence and internal evidence internal evidence. The main substance is called body, its function is strength, its structure is work, its study is cause, its help is cause, its result is fruit, its result is reward, its initial phase is foundation, its later report is end, and its interest is end. 〔22〕
There were many explanations of Shiru by the wise master before. He criticized them one by one, and put forward four viewpoints to explain Shiru, namely, (1) explanation of Ten Commandments, (2) explanation of Buddhist precepts, (3) explanation of clutch, and (4) explanation of covenant. As far as the explanation of the ten realms is concerned, it mainly shows that "Ten Rus" is a general category of the ten legal circles. Secondly, it explains the different forms of "Ten Rus" in each realm of "Ten Law Realm". As far as Buddhism is concerned, it is important to explain the contents of the displayed "Buddha fruit" according to the "Ten Rus". As far as the interpretation of clutch is concerned, that is to say, the relationship between power and reality is explained by "ten Russians" As far as the interpretation of the Covenant is concerned, it is to use "ten ru" to distinguish the saints and "three virtues" to stay.
In addition, the wise master further expounded the concrete ten-side view from four standpoints: three ways, three goodness, two times and bodhisattva and Buddha.
In a word, the principle of "ten things are like this" has absorbed the color and correctness of the ten dharma circles, combined with pure chaos and unity, and centralized power is like this. Now, the reality of all laws is equal and harmonious. Zhan Ran, the master of Jingxi, praised the idea of "the unity of 11" as "the foundation of France, the head of all religions, the key to Buddhism and the meaning of all beings"? 〔23〕。
(3) Three worlds
The wise master combined the abstract ten things into the concrete theory of ten realms, and then combined the concrete theory of ten realms into the concrete three realms, thus forming a dense system of three thousand realms. So, what are the three realms?
"Three Realms" comes from the seventieth volume of Great Wisdom, a Buddhist masterpiece. Its moire: "There are three kinds of worlds: one, five realms; Both, all beings in the world; Third, land and the world. " ? [24] What are the characteristics of its various worlds?
(1) Five realms: also known as the pentatonic world. The five elements of yin constitute a person, which refer to color (the material world of feeling), reception (the emotional world of being touched), thinking (thinking), action (meaning) and knowledge (unifying the first four mental efforts respectively). The so-called five-yin world refers to the five-yin, which is based on good and evil. Among them, color is a material factor, and the latter four are psychological or spiritual factors.
(2) The sentient world: that is, the sentient world that is being reported, based on the establishment of the Five Shadows, leads to the continuation of "being" from chaos, such as animals and people, and expresses the types of the top ten realms with the differences of various misconceptions. For example, holding five yin is called sentient beings, holding three vaginas is a sin and suffering sentient beings, holding sky yin is a blessing and happiness sentient beings, holding not leaking yin is a true saint sentient beings, holding compassion yin is a great sentient beings, and holding constant yin is a respect for all sentient beings.
(3) Earth and the world: refers to the place where all beings live, such as mountains and rivers, that is, the wind wheel is born according to the increase of all beings, and then heavy clouds and rain are caused on the wind wheel to form a waterwheel, and then strong winds are caused to hit the water, so that the upper part condenses into a cash wheel. Judging from the above three rounds, all the mountains and rivers are ready for the venue, which constitutes a world phenomenon and belongs to newspapers, which is the so-called world. For example, hell lives on the red iron, animals live on the ground and in the water, shura lives on the sea and the bottom of the sea, people live on the ground, heaven lives in the palace, six-degree Bodhisattva lives on the ground, not completely confused by Bodhisattva, living in convenient land, people who are not completely confused by Bodhisattva, people who are completely confused when waiting for convenience, people who live on land according to the truth, and people who are completely confused live on land according to constant silence. The soil is different, so it is called the boundary.
The above describes the meaning structure, morphological characteristics and organizational system of the three thousand worlds. In fact, the three thousand worlds are just convenient for making a name. In the final analysis, it still lies in the creation of the mind. The fifth volume of "The View of Maha" said: "The heart is in harmony, and the three realms and three thousand sexual aspects all start from the heart. Although there is less sex, it is not unreasonable. There is more ignorance, but there is no ignorance. It means more than one, more is not more, more is one, and none is less, so it is incredible. First, everything (virtual view), everything is one (empty view), not one is not everything (middle view), and it is incredible to traverse everything. " ? 〔25〕
In a word, the top ten realms are different from each other, and there are thousands of realms. Then it is reported that there are probably five yin true dharma, one thousand pseudonyms, one thousand people's land and three thousand human natures. We have no intention, but we have a heart, that is, three thousand yuan tools, in order to manage three thousand. All laws are made by two minds, that is, things are three thousand. Everything, any law, has three thousand years. In the thought of "there is a leak in the delusion of Yin", the debt is repaid by "there is a leak in all dharma circles" and "there is no leak in Buddhism and dharma circles". Therefore, the so-called "worry is bodhi" and "life and death is nirvana"? 1 "is the goal and significance of the theory and practice of" one thought and three thousand ".