Plato (about 427-347 BC), a great philosopher in ancient Greece, is also one of the greatest philosophers and thinkers in the whole western philosophy and even the whole western culture. He, Socrates, the teacher, and Aristotle, the student, are called the three great philosophers of ancient Greece. Other concepts of its creation or development include Plato's thought, Platonism, Platonic love, economic charts and so on. There are books like The Republic.
Aristotle (384 BC ~ 7 March BC), an ancient philosopher and ancient Greek, was one of the great philosophers, scientists and educators in the ancient history of the world, and was called a master of Greek philosophy. He is Plato's student and Alexander's teacher. In 335 BC, he established a school in Athens called Lv Keang, called Minstrel. Marx once called Aristotle the most learned figure among ancient Greek philosophers, and Engels called him "the ancient Hegel". As an encyclopedic scientist, he has contributed to almost every subject. His works cover ethics, metaphysics, psychology, economics, theology, politics, rhetoric, natural science, education, poetry, customs and Athenian law. Aristotle's works constructed the first extensive system of western philosophy, including morality, aesthetics, logic and science, politics and metaphysics. His masterpieces include instrumentalism, physics, metaphysics, ethics and politics. School: Aristotle School. Main fields: philosophy, politics and science. Famous viewpoints: rationality, logic and biology. Influenced by parmenides, Socrates and Plato, it was also influenced by almost all western philosophers later.
Jan Amos Komensky (1592 ~ 1670), a great Czech democratic educator and the founder of modern western educational theory, was born in a miller's family. When he was young, he was elected as the priest of the Czech Brotherhood and presided over the Brotherhood School. After the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War (16 18 ~ 1648), he was forced into exile for decades and continued to engage in educational and social activities. He sharply criticized the school education in the Middle Ages and called for "teaching all knowledge to all people". Put forward a unified academic system, advocate universal primary education, adopt a class teaching system, expand subject categories and contents, and emphasize the acquisition of knowledge from things themselves. His main works are Parenting School, Great Teaching Theory, Introduction to Language and Science, World Map, etc.
Jean-Jean-jean-jacques rousseau (17 12 ~ 1778), a great French enlightenment thinker, philosopher, educator and writer, was an ideological pioneer of the French revolution in the18th century, an outstanding democratic critic, a pioneer of the romantic literary school and one of the most outstanding representatives of the Enlightenment. His major works include On the Origin and Basis of Human Inequality, On Social Contract, Emile, Confessions, New Ai Royce, Plant Communication, etc.
Immanuel Kant (1724-65438 April 22nd +65438 February+02,0804) was born in Koenigsberg, a German philosopher, thinker and founder of German classical philosophy. He is considered as one of the most influential thinkers in modern Europe and the last important philosopher in the Enlightenment. He lived in seclusion all his life, never married, and lived a monotonous and rigid scholar life. Until/kloc-0 died in 804, he never stepped out of his birthplace. University of Konigsberg, Graduate School; The masterpiece "Critique of Pure Reason".
Pestalozzi (1746- 1827) was a famous democratic educator in Switzerland in the 9th century. His love for education and persistent pursuit of educational innovation not only made important contributions to the development of education in the world, but also set a very respectable image for all educators. Pestalozzi established pedagogy on the basis of psychology for the first time through the experiment of intuitive teaching method, and put forward the great theory of "educational psychology", which closely combined pedagogy with psychology and had a far-reaching impact on later education and teaching, which was one of his most important contributions to human education. Occupation: Educating Swiss democratic educator. Main achievements: putting forward the theory of "educational psychology"; His works include Lynhard and Godud, How Godud Educates Her Children, etc.
Johann friedrich herbart (1776may4-1841August14) was a German philosopher, psychologist and founder of science education in the 9th century. In the history of modern education, no educator can compare with it. His educational thought had a great, extensive and far-reaching influence on the school educational practice and the development of educational theory at that time and even in the next hundred years. In the history of western education, he is known as the "founder of scientific pedagogy" and the "father of educational science" in the history of world education. The representative work General Pedagogy, which reflects his educational thoughts, is recognized as the first educational work with a scientific system.
John dewey (1859-1952) is a famous American philosopher, educator, one of the founders of pragmatic philosophy, a pioneer of functional psychology, and a representative of American progressive education movement. /kloc-in the 0/9th century, the old education inherited from the colonial period prevailed./kloc-in the late 0/9th century, the Herbart teaching method introduced from Germany gradually became rigid, which made the schools at that time lack vitality. Dewey (1859- 1952), an American pragmatic educator, was a reformer of traditional education and a pioneer of new education at that time. He advocates starting from children's nature and promoting children's personality development. John dewey was born in the countryside near Burlington, Vermont. His ancestors were farmers in Vermont for three generations. Burlington has a population of nearly10.5 million, of which about half are locals and half are from Ireland and Quebec. Native people include descendants of middle-class Anglo-Saxon Protestant families who have lived in Vermont or other parts of New England for a long time. Dewey grew up in the tradition of such a group. His main educational works are: My Education Credo (1897), School and Society (1899), Children and Curriculum (1902), Democracy and Education (/kloc-).