The original epitaph is now in Suzhou Museum, Jiangsu Province. Its owner is Yan, the mother of Xue Ji, a famous doctor in Ming Dynasty. The inscription is the combined seal of former imperial academy officials, and he will be summoned to study national history.
On the basis of recording the epitaph, scholars in Ming Dynasty analyzed Yan's life, Xue's doctor, the author and engraver of the epitaph.
In modern times, a professor from the School of Humanities and Social Sciences of Hainan Tropical Ocean University wrote a book "An Analysis of the Historical Materials of the Northern History of Hedong Xue", which added a lot of his father's life stories on the basis of the Northern History of Xue Zhuan and Xue Zhuan.
In addition, a lot of contents have also been excavated from Xue Zhuan of Northern History and Xue Zhuan of Northern History.
Although these supplements were not adopted in Zi Jian, judging from the epitaphs of Xue and Xue, the credibility of these supplements is still relatively high.
Yang Dandan, a scholar of Guangxi Normal University, after studying the life of Xue Neng, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, thinks that Xue Neng is a poet with distinctive features in the late Tang Dynasty.
Although the official books of the new and old Tang Dynasty were not dedicated to his biography, his life and career were recorded in Reading in the County Zhai, Chronicle of Tang Poems and Biography of Tang Talents, and some places were scattered and incomplete.
There are more than 300 poems written by Xue Neng in The Whole Tang Poetry, which are compiled into four volumes. Fan Cheng Ji, a collection of poems, has been lost and cannot be verified.
As a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty, Xue Neng has more than 300 poems spread around the world, and quatrains and metrical poems have achieved great success. At the end of Tang Dynasty and the beginning of Northern Song Dynasty, Xue Neng's poems had a positive impact.
Xue Neng was born in the Tang Dynasty, where poets came forth in large numbers, due to the brevity of historical records, and his poems were not noticeable. At present, academic attention to Xue Neng is still limited.
On the basis of Xue Neng's existing poems, Yang Dandan made a comprehensive and systematic study on Xue Neng's life, official history, family background, poetry creation, personality and other aspects, according to historical materials and related literature records, combined with the poems of contemporary poets as circumstantial evidence. According to Wen Yiduo's textual research, Xue Neng was born in 8 17, and his poems and gifts from friends confirmed that Xue Neng was born in 8 17. This paper compares the Records of Reading in County Zhai, Chronicle of Tang Poetry and Biography of Talented Scholars in Tang Dynasty, and makes clear Xue Neng's time, position and deeds in each stage, and supplements relevant historical materials.
According to these textual research and combing, we can list Xue Neng's official experience, which provides a strong basis for the discrimination of Xue Neng's birthplace and the textual research of his family background.
After the Tang Dynasty, all books recorded that Xue Neng was from Fenzhou, but Yang Dandan questioned it after textual research. She verified through materials that Xue Neng's native place should be Hedong Fenyin. On this basis, she continued to prove that Xue Neng had a great connection with the famous Xue family in Fenyin, Hedong. At the same time, according to historical records and poetry analysis, she speculated that Xue Neng came from the Xue family in Fenyin.
There are many celebrities in the Xue family in Fenyin, such as Feng Xue and Xue Zhaowei. Compared with Xue Neng, arrogance and conceit seem to be the common fault of Xue family.
At the same time, combined with the history of the rise and fall of the Xue family in Fenyin, we can see that the huge gap between the glorious history of the Xue family and the reality of decline, as well as the image of the end of the late Tang Dynasty, are the main reasons for Xue's arrogance.
By analyzing the quality and character of Xue Neng's poems, after analyzing Xue Neng's poems, his poems are divided into three categories: mourning poems, farewell poems and gift poems. Xue Neng's poems about objects have a wide range and can sing things that others don't often sing. The farewell poem is sincere and makes people sad. In addition to replying to the works of celebrities in the officialdom, there are many poems for female singers, which show Xue Neng's sympathy and praise for them.
In addition to these three categories, Xueneng also has some folk songs and Yuefu poems, and there are also many excellent works. The characteristic of Xue Nengzhi's poems is "the sun and the moon are long at leisure", which shows that Xue Nengzhi's poems are mainly leisure and chanting, which is beyond words, with little thinking about the country and people, and a strong sense of self in his poems. His works abandoned the traditional feudal literati's Confucian heart and feelings for the world.
Xue Neng, as an ordinary person, is ordinary because he doesn't like bondage, indulges in amusement all his life, walks freely and is independent. He was strict in official management, forbidden to pay homage, honest and clean, which was extremely rare in the late Tang Dynasty. And strive for innovation, for the old tune of poetry, with innovative spirit.
Xue Neng's temperament is frank, open-minded and generous, but he is also frivolous and frivolous. He pretends to be first-class, arrogant and has a Wei and Jin demeanor.
Mr. Hou Jirun of Shaanxi Normal University has also done a lot of research on the Xue family in Hedong. I have communicated with Mr. Hou many times. In his view, the main existing historical materials about Xue lineage are Yuan He's Family Name Compilation and New Tang Book Prime Minister's Genealogy Table. Due to the serious lack of Xue in Yuan He's Compilation, only by using handed down documents and archaeological epitaphs can we collate Xue's part in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty Prime Minister's Genealogy as detailed as possible and get a detailed and clear genealogy.
Because the society attaches different importance to the gentry, the existing historical records of the gentry are also different, that is, the genealogy of the gentry in the Southern and Northern Dynasties is clearer and more detailed than that in the Tang Dynasty, so his research materials show that the textual research on Xue's lineage in the Southern and Northern Dynasties is far more systematic than that in the Tang Dynasty.
After investigation and verification by Mr. Hou, it is found that there are many overall errors and omissions in Xue's "New Table", such as name, seniority and official position, with the official position being the most serious.
Li Jing, a historian of Shanxi Normal University, discussed the development process of each family, analyzed the reasons for the rise and fall of the Xue family and its family characteristics, and then made clear the historical position of the Xue family in the social development of Sui and Tang Dynasties. His research is mainly related to the debate about the origin of the Xue family.
Li Jing sorted out the lineage of the Xue family by consulting various related documents and epitaphs, which provided support for family research. The research results mainly discuss the development process and the reasons for the rise and fall of the Xue family, and introduce the development background of the Xue family in Sui and Tang Dynasties.
Secondly, Li Jing also discussed the prosperity of the Xue family in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, analyzed the reasons for the prosperity of the Xue family from four aspects: the social influence of door politics, the family's own efforts, the accumulation of economic strength, and the marriage with the royal family, expounded the decline of the Xue family in the late Tang Dynasty, and analyzed the reasons for the decline of the family from two aspects: social influence and the family's own development.
Li Jing believes that the reason for the growth of Xue's family is mainly relying on military achievements, which helped it gain a foothold in the Northern Wei Dynasty and rise to the status of county surname, creating a good environment for family development. In addition, Xue's martial arts research and literature research are carried out simultaneously. In the social environment of door politics and eternal classics, in order to achieve a longer-term development, in the last years of the Northern Dynasty, the development focus of the Xue family changed, from emphasizing martial arts to combining martial arts, eclectic, taking Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, literature, history and art as the main contents of family studies, emphasizing virtue and governing the family.
Tang Xia, a scholar from Qinhuai Cultural College of Jiaozuo Normal University in Henan Province, observed the ancestor worship ceremony of the Xue family in Xiuwu, and thought that the descendants of the Xue family worshipped Xue Shu every year on the third day of the eighth lunar month. The whole ceremony is divided into several major items, such as incense, one line and one ceremony, one line and one ceremony, one line and one ceremony, one line and one ceremony. The atmosphere is solemn and solemn, and the ceremony is rigorous and standardized.
In the sacrificial ceremony, the portraits of God (memorial tablet), Xue Shu and his wife Dou Shi are dominant as symbols; The collective unconsciousness of ancestor worship is embodied in family sacrifice; It preserves the complete sacrificial ceremony of the Han nationality and is a precious cultural heritage.
On the other hand, based on historical records and poems, Dr. Shen from Fujian Normal University's postdoctoral mobile station described Xue's life experience as detailed as possible and evaluated his literary activities.
According to Dr. Shen, China and foreign countries are similar, and the most important thing to read is the literature of the Li Dynasty, which is nothing more than the Beijing School. The Xue family participated in the court chorus, and the literati gave a reward and climbed the mountain to offer poems. From the Zhou Dynasty to the end of the Tang Dynasty, they have been active in the political and literary arena.
Li, a historical and cultural scholar of Hebei Normal University, has been insisting on excavating the cultural historical materials of Xue Hedong's ancestral home from the official historical materials of past dynasties for several years.
Xue's ancestral home began in the early Sui Dynasty and completed the transformation from martial arts to Chongwen. Xizufang promoted the rich academic culture in Hedong area with its own advantages, and a large number of literati in the family devoted themselves to the cultivation of literary atmosphere, which promoted the process of cultural transformation of Xuexizufang.
In this process, five branches of Xizu House and three branches of Tang Dynasty flourished, among which Xuehu House was married to the royal family, and the family status was prominent. Later, due to political struggle, the family suffered heavy losses and gradually declined. This change has had a far-reaching impact on Xue's family style adjustment, family literary activities and literary creation.
In the early Tang Dynasty, most of the family literati were dignitaries. They not only participated in the court chorus, but also were cold and handsome, which promoted the reform of poetic style. In the middle of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, there were few literati and their creative enthusiasm was not high. By the end of the Tang Dynasty, after a period of rest, Xue's ancestral home was back on the right track, and the literati's creation of Xue's ancestral home began to flourish again. Xue Honglong is a branch of Xue's Western ancestor, and most of his literati concentrated in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, which is related to his weak strength and slow literary progress.
Xue Zu, with many scholars, is quite accomplished in literature. However, due to their poor awareness of literary preservation, the number of works is very small.
Xue Ji is the most accomplished scholar in Xue Honglong's family. Due to the lack of talent, family background and personal temperament, a poetic style that is both generous and heroic and infinitely sad has been formed. Xue Angfang is a branch of Xue's ancestral court. Due to the continuation of Confucian tradition, special family experience and personal influence in Xue Ping, a clean family style gradually formed in the Tang Dynasty.
Under the influence of this family style, the focus of Xue Angfang's literati turned to the improvement of political achievements, which led to the high literary quality of Xue Angfang's literati but low enthusiasm for literary creation.
The literary creation of Xue's three ancestors spanned the Tang Dynasty, and Xue Hufang's literati concentrated in the early and late Tang Dynasty. Xue Honglong's literati occupied a place in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Xue Angfang's literati were active in the middle and late Tang Dynasty. These phenomena are closely related to social changes, family development, cultural transformation process and the guidance of key figures.
On the basis of Li Xuehui Tong, Wang Xueyuan, a historian of Shandong University, systematically summarized and studied Xue Fengzuo's scientific thoughts.
Xue Fengzuo was a famous astronomer, calendarist and mathematician in the early Qing Dynasty. He was the first person to introduce Logarithm into China, made a comprehensive study of astronomical calendars in China and the West, and made outstanding contributions to the development of science and technology in China. Become a famous scientist who runs through China and the West and ranks first among people in the field.
Wang Xizhi and Xue Fengzuo are called "Southern Kings and Northern Confucianism". Wang Xichan's academic circle has been fully studied, but the study of Xue Fengzuo is extremely weak, which is extremely disproportionate to the reputation of "Confucianism in the south and Confucianism in the north" and "the first person in this field".
For a long time, the academic research on Xue Fengzuo is very weak. After 1980s, experts and scholars in related fields in domestic academic circles gradually studied Xue Fengzuo from various angles.
Some study from the perspective of the history of science and technology, some from the perspective of philosophy, some from the perspective of history, and some from the cultural background of the times. In particular, several groups of articles published by researchers of Shandong Academy of Social Sciences in Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology have greatly promoted Xue Fengzuo's academic research, and made people re-recognize Xue Fengzuo and re-evaluate his position in the history of science and technology.