El Nino (Spanish: El Nino? O), also known as El Nino phenomenon, is called ENSO together with another phenomenon, Southern Oscillation. This is a term used by fishermen in Peru and Ecuador to refer to abnormal climate phenomena. It mainly refers to the abnormal continuous warming of seawater temperature in the tropical ocean in the eastern and central Pacific Ocean, which changes the global climate pattern, causing drought in some areas and excessive rainfall in some areas.
The word El Nino comes from Spanish and means "El Nino".
/kloc-At the beginning of the 9th century, in Spanish-speaking countries such as Ecuador and Peru in South America, fishermen found that every few years, that is, from June of 10 to March of the following year, a warm current would move southward along the coast, which significantly increased the surface water temperature.
Stand up. The Peruvian cold current originally prevailed on the east coast of the Pacific Ocean in South America. Fish that move with the cold current make Peru's fishing ground one of the four largest fishing grounds in the world. But when this warm current appears, a large number of fish who like cold water will die, leading to the extinction of fishermen. Because this phenomenon is often the most serious around Christmas, fishermen who suffer from natural disasters and are helpless are called the son of God-El Nino.
Its frequency is irregular, but it happens once every four years on average. Basically, if this phenomenon lasts less than five months, it will be called El Nino phenomenon; If it lasts for five months or more, it will be called an El Nino event.
Under normal circumstances, the monsoon air flow in the tropical Pacific moves from America to Asia, keeping the surface of the Pacific Ocean warm and bringing tropical rainfall around Indonesia. However, this pattern is disrupted every two to seven years, and the wind direction and ocean currents are reversed. The heat flow in the surface layer of the Pacific Ocean turns eastward to America, and then takes away tropical rainfall, resulting in a large area of drought on the earth. This is the "El Nino phenomenon".
Later, in science, the term was used to indicate the abnormal warming of sea surface temperature in the eastern Pacific Ocean thousands of kilometers near Peru and Ecuador. When this happens, the sea water temperature in a wide range can be 3 ~ 6 degrees Celsius higher than normal. The rising water temperature in the vast waters of the Pacific Ocean has changed the traditional equatorial currents and southeast trade winds, resulting in global climate anomalies.
I hope this answer is helpful to you.