Buyi language is the language of Buyi people, one of the ethnic minorities in China, belonging to the Taiwan Province branch of the Dong-Tai language family, which is also called Zhuang-Dai language family by China scholars. Buyi language is actually the same language as Zhuang northern dialect.
According to phonetic features, Buyi dialects in Guizhou Province can be roughly divided into three dialects: the first dialect, also known as Qiannan dialect, has the largest population and is mainly distributed in southwestern Guizhou, southern Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and parts of southern Anshun City. You can talk directly in the northern dialect of Guangxi Zhuang language, such as Guibian dialect and Guibei dialect.
The second dialect, also known as Qianzhong dialect, has the second largest population and is mainly distributed in the north of Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, the northeast of Anshun City, the surrounding area of Guiyang City and the east of Bijie. It can communicate directly with the first dialect area, which is very close to the Zhuang language in northern Guangxi.
The third dialect, also known as Qianxi dialect, has the smallest population and is mainly distributed in Qinglong and Pu 'an counties in the north of Qianxi Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Guizhou Province, in the middle of Anshun City, Liuzhi, Panxian and Shuicheng in the middle of Liupanshui City, and in the west of Bijie. The pronunciation in this dialect area has unique characteristics.
The linguistic features of Buyi language are basically the same as those of other languages in this branch. Monosyllabic words are dominant. Word order and function words are the main means to express grammatical meaning. Buyi language has absorbed some modern Chinese loanwords from Southwest Mandarin (mainly Kungui and Southwest Guizhou).
The current Buyi language was drafted between 198 1 to 1985 after abandoning the policy of Buzhuang language alliance. Based on fuxing town dialect in Wangmo County (the first Buyi dialect area), where Buyi people are concentrated and their phonetics are representative.
language feature
The linguistic features of Buyi language are basically the same as those of other languages in this branch. Monosyllabic words are dominant. Word order and function words are the main means to express grammatical meaning. Initial is simple, palatalized and lip-shaped. Vowels consist of vowels or vowels plus vowels. Vowels are long and short, and vowels are I, U, M, N, P, T, K and so on. Syllables consist of initials, finals and tones. There are six kinds of soothing tones, and syllables end in vowels or nasal sounds.
From the perspective of language family, the initials of Buyi language are simplified and merged faster than those of other languages in the same language family. Buyi sentences can be analyzed into one, two or more phrases. Taking Shuiyu and Buyi as an example, the comparison is as follows: the initials T, D and n3 of Buyi correspond to the initials T, T, nd, D, N and N of Shuiyu. Buyi people created a script based on Latin alphabet in 1956, which was revised in the early 1980s and is now being piloted in minority areas.
Initial is simple, palatalized and lip-shaped. Vowels consist of vowels or vowels ending in vowels. Vowels are long and short, ending with I, U, Lulu, M, N, Mi, P, T, K and so on. Syllables consist of initials, finals and tones. In most areas, there are tones with two syllables ending in -p, -t and -k; There are six kinds of soothing tones, and syllables end in vowels or nasal sounds.
Lao Buyi Wen
1956 1 1 At the symposium on the language and writing science of the Buyi people held in Guiyang, it was decided to adopt the policy of the Buyi-Zhuang Language Alliance (Buzhuang Language Alliance) and adopted the Buyi Language Program (Draft) to create characters based on Latin letters. The dialect of Yangchang Town, Longli County, near Guiyang (the second dialect of Buyi language) was approved by the former Central Ethnic Affairs Committee, and the scheme was implemented in Buyi areas from 1957. For political reasons, it was interrupted in the 1960s. The old Buyi language is very close to the old Zhuang language.
Xinbuyiwen
198 1 The delegates attending the seminar "A Brief History of Buyi People" thought that Buyi language should be formulated according to the actual situation of Buyi language, and suggested that the Buyi language scheme should be revised based on fuxing town dialect in Wangmo County (which belongs to the first mother tongue area of Buyi language). Finally, the revised draft of Buyi language scheme was drawn up and reported to the Guizhou Provincial Ethnic Affairs Committee for approval.
The Revised Draft has been implemented in Buyi area since 1982 after being examined and approved by Guizhou Provincial Ethnic Affairs Commission. According to the feedback from the experiment, the Guizhou Provincial Ethnic Affairs Commission held a forum on the revision of the Buyi language program from March 0 to 23 (1985), and drafted the Buyi language program (revision). This scheme has been used to this day. There are some differences between Buyi language and Zhuang language now.