2. Alkaline decomposition method: Under alkaline conditions, aflatoxin can be transformed into a water-soluble substance, so it can be removed by washing with alkaline water.
3. Repeated washing method: Aflatoxin contaminated by rice is mainly distributed in the rice bran layer, and the aflatoxin in the rice bran layer is several times that of rice grains. Therefore, water should be added repeatedly when washing rice until the water becomes clear, which can kill most aflatoxins.
4. Aflatoxin, also known as aflatoxin, is a compound with strong biological toxicity. Often produced in moldy grains by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasitica, including rice, beans and peanuts, it is the strongest carcinogen found at present. It needs to be heated above 280℃ to decompose, and it is not easy to destroy its structure by general heating.
5. After aflatoxin enters the body, it is mainly metabolized in the liver, producing active epoxidation intermediates or hydroxylation, and finally producing less toxic aflatoxin M 1. There are four kinds of aflatoxins: B 1, B2, G 1 and G2, among which B 1 is the most toxic, which can lead to liver injury, immunosuppression and even liver cancer. Improper storage of rice is prone to mildew and yellowing, resulting in aflatoxin.
6. Hazards of aflatoxin
From 65438 to 0993, aflatoxin was listed as a kind of carcinogen by the Cancer Agency of the World Health Organization (WHO), which has strong toxicity and carcinogenicity, and its toxicity is 68 times greater than that of arsenic, causing serious damage to liver organs and easily polluting food, thus endangering human health. Aflatoxin mainly exists in moldy grains, corn and peanuts, and is easy to grow and reproduce in warm and humid environment, which is an important reason for the high incidence of cancer in parts of Asia and Africa.