There are many neat sentences in classical Chinese with the same or similar structures and similar words (such as antithesis and parallelism). These sentences give people the impression of clear rhythm, loud and coherent. We can make use of their advantages in pronunciation and rhythm to memorize, and the effect of memorizing is much better than mixing with other contents. Such as "Zou", there are: "A wife is beautiful and private; The beauty of my concubine is afraid of me; The beauty of the guest is me, I want my things. "
"My wife is a private minister, my concubine is afraid of me, and my guests want my things, all of which are beautiful in Xu Gong." "Today, the land is thousands of miles away and there are 120 cities. Ladies-in-waiting are private kings, and courtiers are not afraid of kings. They all want the king to be within four borders. "
"Officials and people, who can stab me in the face, will be rewarded; There will be a reward for those who write and exhort me; Those who can slander the city will be rewarded if they listen to me. " There are several places to remember this.
Second, compare the similarities and differences of related similar sentences to shorthand and recite. In classical Chinese, there are some sentences with related contents and different forms. We can remember separately by seeking differences.
For example, in the first paragraph of Zou, Zou Ji and his wife asked for beauty and answered. They have basically the same meaning, but in different ways. By comparison, we can quickly find their differences.
Zou Ji used "... this and ..." in his three questions for the first time and the second time. The difference is that the second sentence lacks a "north of the city" than the first sentence; The third sentence uses the same sentence pattern as modern Chinese: "... or ...". In the three people's answers, the wives and concubines all used rhetorical questions like "How can Xu Cangong be as beautiful as a gentleman", but the concubines didn't mean to say "You are very beautiful", and the guests' answers were purely perfunctory, so they used the general negative sentence "Xu Gong is not as beautiful as you".
Distinguish the difference, and it is naturally much more convenient to remember. In addition, the sentences mentioned in the first point also have some differences in terms, and distinguishing these differences will also be beneficial to our memory.
Third, consolidate the middle paragraph. From a psychological point of view, it is easy for people to remember things in a prominent position, but it is always difficult to make a deep impression on things in an inconspicuous position.
For an article, the first and second paragraphs are prominent paragraphs. In the case of average energy distribution, we remember it relatively firmly, while the middle paragraph is poor because of the interference before and after. We can take out the middle paragraph and recite the whole article by heart, so as to strengthen the weak links in recitation. If we can't recite it backwards, we can at least recite it backwards.
Fourth, memorize the signs and conversion words at the beginning and end of the paragraph. Reciting classical Chinese, due to the lack of rich sense of language, the understanding of the content is not deep enough, so let us recite every paragraph, but when we turn from one paragraph to another, we always forget the sentence at the beginning of the next paragraph, which is really a pity, and if we get stuck in class, the scene will be very embarrassing.
Is there a solution to this problem? Of course there is. That is, after reciting each paragraph, string the sentences at the beginning and end of each paragraph to form the framework of the full text.
For Zou's article, we can set up such a "strange frame": "Zou Ji has more than eight feet to repair ... what do you want from me?" So I went to the court to see Wang Wei ... and the king was well protected.
The king said ... no one can enter. Yan, Zhao, Han and Wei ... defeated the imperial court. "
Recite this frame specially, and then when you recite the full text, you won't be out of touch with the upper and lower paragraphs and out of breath. Fifth, use the outline to prompt the content recited.
As the saying goes, "outline" is of great help to strengthen memory and prompt to recite the content. For example, if we refine Zou's content into "appreciating beauty in the morning-thinking about beauty in the evening-satirizing the king-being trainable", it will not only make us clear our thoughts quickly when reciting, but also become a bright clue when trying to recite, prompting our thinking to turn to the next content, which can really greatly improve the efficiency of memory and reciting.
2. How to recite classical Chinese is the most basic quick memory method. As the saying goes, "If you want to remember, you must understand first." If you have a deep understanding of the meaning of the article you want to recite, you must remember the basic content of this article quickly. On this basis, recite the full text, recite it quickly and it is not easy to forget. On the other hand, if you don't want to know too much, or if you have a little knowledge, I managed to memorize it for a while, but I can't remember it well and I can't use it. Therefore, only when I understand it can I recite it quickly, remember it well and use it vividly. According to this truth, teachers can use some methods to help students understand and remember in teaching. For example, we can use the method of breaking up parts and outline method in teaching. Method/step 1 The method of dividing parts is like reading a classical Chinese as a whole. This whole should be broken down into many meaningful paragraphs for reading in sections. [Analysis] After analyzing the meaningful paragraphs, we can see the clues of the article and the author's ideas, clearly know the ins and outs of the characters and things written, and then run through them according to the sequence of things, the logic of life, the time and place of people, and the causal explanation. The level is clear, and after reading it, you can recite it quickly. Recitation should be carried out in stages. Until all the words are recited. This is a method of reciting by eyes, mouth, hands and heart. [Analysis] Look at the words, words and sentences of the article, read the words, words and sentences of the article, and think about the words, words and sentences of the article. Copy and read, read and copy, and read the part in a short time. Read the first and second sentences, that is, recite the first and second sentences, and so on, and then scroll forward until you recite the whole text. 4. The three grasping methods are based on natural paragraphs. [Example] Before reciting the "Warring States Policy, Tang Ju will live up to his mission", you can use the three-grasping method. For example, in the first natural paragraph, first grasp the first word of this paragraph-"Qin"; Then seize the opening sentence of this paragraph-"The king of Qin makes people call Anling Jun Yue"; Finally, grasp the author's thoughts reflected in this paragraph. The context of the article-the confrontation with An-is the antecedent of Tang drama's missionary work and the prelude to the struggle between the two sides. At the beginning of the plot, these three grippers all played the role of prompting each other. It is easier to recite the text according to these tips. 5. Take care of translation and recitation, that is, from writing style to classical Chinese. [Example] If you want to recite Ouyang Xiu's Preface to Drunk Pavilion, you can recite it first. Then, according to the translated Chinese, we will go back to ancient Chinese (that is, translate today's ancient Chinese), from ancient times to today, and then from today to ancient times, that is, from translation to the original classical Chinese, and so on and so on. In this way, we not only practiced translating the present into the ancient, but also compared the ancient and modern vocabulary syntax and recited the original text, regardless of length. The above five methods are easy to summarize and effective for reciting the original text. Comprehensive application seems to be better. In short, there is no fixed method. One is to use whatever method you like, which is subjective, and the other depends on the objective reciting effect. If a method is fast (fast) and good (accurate), then that method is the best.
3. What are the topics of reciting ancient Chinese in junior high school?
Junior high school Chinese must recite ancient Chinese.
1. Although the tortoise is alive.
2. Buddhist retreat after the broken mountain temple
I heard that Wang Changling left and moved to Longbiao kiln to deliver this.
4. A short message to a friend in the north on a rainy night.
5. Bo Qinhuai
6. Huanxisha
7. Go to Songyuan Chen Blowing Paint Shop.
8. Very well
9. Thinking about reading.
10. Look at the sea
1 1 A mooring at the foot of Beibao Mountain.
12. Spring outing in Qiantang River
13. Tianjin Sha Qiu Si
14. Tongqu
15. Ten Analects of Confucius
16. Rock
17. Singing Snow
Chen taiqiu and the friendship period.
19. Poems in the mountains
20. Julie Concert Hall
2 1. Mount Emei Yuege
On a spring night, I smelled the flute in Los Angeles.
Go to the capital to meet a messenger.
In Chuzhou, Xixi.
Meet Li Guinian at the lower reaches of the river.
26. Send Master Che Ling.
27.make an appointment
On Poetry
29. Jean Zhong Yong
30. Mulan poetry
3 1. Sun Quan advised reading.
ventriloquism
33. Every day in Kuafu.
34. The anger of workers can't touch the island.
wolf
Long song.
37.ambition
38. Han Jiang was pregnant in the early stage.
Message from Dongting Lake to Premier Zhang.
40. Yellow Crane Tower
4 1. Send a friend away
42. Autumn Ci
43. Lushan tourism
44. Huanxisha
45. 1 1 April 4th is a stormy day.
46. Peach Blossom Garden
47. Inscription in the humble room
Irene said.
49. The story of a nuclear-powered ship
50.wang yue
5 1. Wang Chun
52. Shihao officials
53. Canyon
54. Language books are recognized.
55. Remember the night tour of Chengtian Temple?
56. Watch the tides
57. Watch the snow at the pavilion in the middle of the lake
58. Return to rural residence
59. Stick to it.
60. Farewell friends at Jingmen Ferry
6 1. Dengyueyang Building
62. Give it to your brother
63. Farewell to the viceroy and go to Shu for his post.
64. Youzhou Tower
65. My retreat in Zhongnanshan
66. Xuanzhou Xie jumped off the building to bid farewell and proofread books.
67. In early spring, Zhang was appointed as a member of the Ministry of Water Resources.
68. Untitled
69. Meeting you.
70. Climb Feilai Peak
7 1. Su Muzhe
72. With Zhu
73. Biography of Mr. Wu Liu
74. Ma said
75. Send Dongyang Horse
76. Reward Lotte Yangzhou for the first time.
77. Chibi
78. Crossing the Zero Ocean
79. Water tunes.
80. Tongguan hillside sheep nostalgia
8 1. Little Stone Pond
82. Yueyang Tower
83. Zuiweng Pavilion
84. Man Jing's Travel Notes
85. Drinking alcohol
86. It's hard to go
87. The autumn wind broke the hut.
88. A song of snow sent Tian Shuji Wu home.
89. Poems of the sea.
(This article is from Baidu Library)
4. The most basic way to memorize classical Chinese quickly is to understand.
As the saying goes, "If you want to remember, you must understand first." If you have a deep understanding of the meaning of the article to be recited, then you must memorize the basic content of this article quickly. On this basis, recite the full text, recite it quickly and it is not easy to forget.
On the other hand, if you "don't know much" or "have a little knowledge", even if you spend a lot of effort to remember for a period of time, you can't remember well and learn. Therefore, only by understanding recitation can we recite quickly, firmly remember and use vividly.
According to this truth, teachers can use some methods to help students understand and remember in teaching. For example, in the teaching process, we adopt the method of breaking the whole into parts and the outline method.
The method of breaking the whole into parts is to divide the paragraphs to be recited into several small paragraphs according to the content or formal characteristics, and then recite them paragraph by paragraph. If you want to recite this chapter of Mencius, take the fourth paragraph as an example. If you divide these four paragraphs and three sentences into three layers according to the content, and then grasp the different characteristics of sentence arrangement and antithesis in each layer, it will be much easier to recite and remember.
On this basis, let the students recite by division. Reciting is to recite an article paragraph by paragraph; Back-to-back, that is, on the basis of segmental recitation, recite it coherently.
Generally, the method of "reciting in series" is adopted. The first, second and third paragraphs of an article are recited separately, then the three paragraphs are recited together, then the fourth paragraph is recited separately, and then the second, third and fourth paragraphs are recited together, and so on. After reciting the whole article, recite it from beginning to end. Outline method is a method based on breaking the whole into parts, which has a good effect on reciting some lyric articles. For example, when reciting the article "Drunk Pavilion", I ask students to outline every section when explaining the text.
Take the mountain scenery at four o'clock in the morning and evening in the second paragraph as an example. We can list the subheadings such as sunrise, cloud return, spring fragrance, summer shade, autumn cleanliness and winter water, and remind ourselves when reciting, which can enhance our memory. On the basis of outline method, students can also master the rhetorical devices in poetry and recite them. In ancient poetry and prose, there are often rhetorical devices such as duality and repetition. For example, the Drunk Pavilion mentioned in the above example has many antithetical sentences, which can often be the starting point for reciting.
The above methods focus on understanding and memory, and have the characteristics of high efficiency and good effect. It is suggested that students should hold a pen in their hands when reciting in this way to help them remember. As the saying goes, a good memory is better than bad writing.
In fact, the process of dictation is to mobilize all parts of the brain to cooperate in receiving and processing information. This process is called cooperative memory.
More importantly, the brain image is transformed into intuitive words, which are read by the eyes, and the eyes, heart and hands are truly realized, thus enhancing the memory effect. I hope it helps you.
5. How to recite ancient Chinese quickly and skillfully? The ancient Chinese part of the full-time senior high school textbook "Chinese" (trial revision) accounts for the vast majority.
The first volume of this textbook clearly points out: "To learn classical Chinese well, the most important thing is to read and recite the text. If students can memorize and recite a large number of classical Chinese paragraphs, their sense of language will be enhanced. They encountered some classical Chinese problems, and as long as the teacher gave them a call, the problems would be solved. "
This shows the importance of ancient Chinese recitation in ancient Chinese teaching. How to recite ancient Chinese? First, compare recitation.
Some ancient prose uses contrast, which can be recited by comparison. For example, in the last paragraph of "On Qin", the author compares Chen She with the division of nine countries in terms of social status, weapons and equipment, challenged soldiers, talents and strategy.
Therefore, students can be guided to recite: 1 while comparing, and the social status of the two sides is very different; 2. The disparity in weapons and equipment between the two sides; 3. There is a big gap when the two sides are in trouble; The talents and strategies of the two sides are very different. Obviously, this paragraph is easy to memorize by comparison.
Second, the outline recitation method. For more complex ancient prose, you can list the outline of the article before reciting it, and clarify the logical relationship between the various levels of the article before reciting it.
For example, I am for my country has five paragraphs. After summarizing the meaning of each paragraph, the outline is as follows: 1. Put forward the problem of "people are not living well"; 2. Analyze the reason of "not many people"; 3. Explain the truth of "the beginning of kingly way"; 4. Explain the reason for the success of Wang Dao; 5. explain the attitude that should be adopted to make the people more. Then memorize it, and get twice the result with half the effort.
Third, recreate the image recitation method. The most important thing to use this method is to mobilize students' subjective initiative, stimulate their association and imagination, and make them go deep into the work and share joys and sorrows with the author.
For example, the first sentence of the second paragraph of Gui Xi Ci says: "The boat blows clothes with the breeze, and the wind flutters with it. I asked my husband the way forward, and I hated the dawn. " When instructing students to recite, students can be guided to imagine it as a dynamic and beautiful painting: the swaying boat is carrying me forward briskly, the fluttering wind is pulling my clothes, the hurried pedestrians are asked about the direction of progress, and why the slightly shining morning light is still there! In the process of this imagination, the students entered the realm of poetry and painting, singing with the author's relaxed and eager love song of returning home.
Reciting in this way not only effectively improves the effect of reciting, but also cultivates students' sentiment. Of course, the method of memorizing ancient Chinese is not limited to this.
When we want to recite an ancient text, we should choose the best method flexibly, or use several methods together. Only in this way can we get the best reciting effect.