Jinan, also known as "Spring City", is the capital of Shandong Province, a coastal economic province in eastern China, one of the national historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council, the political, economic, cultural, scientific, technological, educational and financial center of the province, and also an open coastal city and a sub-provincial city approved by the state.
In Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Jinan was the land of ancient Tan. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it belonged to Qi State, and in the Qin Dynasty, it belonged to Northern Hebei County. The establishment of Jinan County in the early Han Dynasty was the beginning of a "Jinan". Sui changed Jinan County to. Song Huizong promoted the state to the government. Jinan Road was set up in Yuan Dynasty, which belongs to Zhongshu Province. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, a political affairs department was set up to take charge of Jinan Prefecture. Clear the edge. 1929, Jinan was formally established. 1948 In September, Jinan was liberated and the municipal government of Jinan Special City was established. Geographical Overview Jinan is located in the middle and west of Shandong Province, which is the intersection of beijing-shanghai railway and Ji Jiao railways. It borders Mount Tai, which is listed in the World Natural and Cultural Heritage List, in the south, and the Yellow River, which is called the Mother River of the Chinese Nation, in the north. Jinan is located at the junction of low mountains and hills in central and southern Shandong and alluvial plains in northwest Shandong, with high terrain in the south and low terrain in the north. The terrain is complex and diverse, which can be roughly divided into three zones; The Yellow River belt in the north, the piedmont plain belt in the middle and the hilly and mountainous belt in the south. There are many rivers in Jinan, mainly the Yellow River and Xiaoqing River. There are also rivers such as Dasha River and Yufu River in the north and south. Lakes include Daming Lake, Baiyun Lake and Dongping Lake.
Jinan, with a history of more than 2,000 years, is the birthplace of Longshan culture, a world-famous prehistoric culture. There are the ruins of Chengziya in Neolithic Age, the Great Wall of Qi before Qin Changcheng, and the painted Luohan in Lingyan Temple in Song Dynasty, which is known as the "first sculpture on the sea". China's first collection of poems, The Book of Songs, contains Tan Ren's satirical poem Dadong, which is the earliest extant document about Jinan. Guo Tombstone Temple in Xiaotangshan, Jinan is the earliest existing ground building in China. The Simen Pagoda built in Sui Dynasty is the oldest existing stone pagoda in China, all of which are national key cultural relics protection units. Many famous people in the history of China were born in Jinan, such as Zou Yan, the founder of traditional Chinese medicine, the founder of Yin and Yang, Fang, the founding father of the Tang Dynasty (6 18-907), Li Qingzhao, Xin Qiji, Zhang and Li Kaixian, the founder of China Public Library, and Zhou Yongnian, a famous architect. In addition, outstanding writers and scholars such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Su Shi and Ceng Gong have lived and traveled in Jinan successively, so they have the reputation of "many celebrities in Jinan". The city tree of Jinan is willow and the city flower is lotus. Jinan is the political center as well as the economic and cultural center of Shandong. There are a series of universities, such as the National Ministry of Education 2 1 1 Engineering Key University Shandong University and Shandong Normal University, which send a large number of talents to the country every year. Jinan is an administrative division with a long history, and its wall was built more than 2600 years ago. The earliest name in the history books is "Dragon" (Chunqiu Zuozhuan), which was named after all the springs in the city merged into dragon water. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Jinan was the hometown of Qi. Subsequently, the State of Qi renamed Luoyi as Calendar. 2 100 years ago, the Han Dynasty changed its name to Jinan (Historical Records). Because the land is in the south of the water, it is named. Jinan was founded in 16 BC. BC 154, the country was abandoned and the county was changed. In the third year of Song Dao (AD 997), the whole country was divided into 15 Road, and Jin 'an belonged to JD.COM Road, namely qi zhou (Song History). In the sixth year of Huisong Zhenghe (AD 1 1 16), qi zhou was promoted to Jinan Prefecture, and governed five counties including Licheng. Since Ming and Qing Dynasties, it has been the capital of Shandong Province. Jinan was founded in July, 1929. After the founding of New China, Jinan became the political center of Shandong Province. At present, Jinan is a sub-provincial city approved by the state, which now governs six districts: Lixia, Licheng, Huaiyin, Tianqiao, Shizhong, Changqing, Pingyin, Shanghe, Jiyang and Zhangqiu, with a total area of 8,227 square kilometers and a population of 5.49 million, including 2.54 million urban residents.