Dynasty: Pre-Qin Dynasty
Author: Zhuang Zhou
Original text:
There is a kind of fish named Kun in the north. Kunda, thousands of miles away. Become a bird. Its name is Peng. Peng's back, thousands of miles away, flew angrily, his wings hanging in the sky like clouds. If it is a bird, shipping will migrate to Nanming. South ghost, Tianchi also. "Qi Xie", ambition is strange. The text of "Hehe" says: "Peng moved to Nanming, and the water hit three thousand miles. It was Jiu Wan Li who climbed up and went to rest in June. " Wild horses, dust and creatures are blowing with interest. The sky is gray, and its positive color is evil? Far away and everything is extremely evil? It looks down. If it is, it's gone. And the product of husband's water is not thick, then the negative boat is weak. Cover the depression with a glass of water, and the mustard will sail; If you cover a cup, it's glue. Shallow water makes a big boat. The wind is not thick, and its negative wing is weak. Therefore, nine Wan Li, the wind is next, it is the wind of today; Those who carry the blue sky and never die, then go to the south today.
Kun and Xue Dui laughed and said, "I decided to fly to grab the elm tree, but when it didn't arrive, I took control of the ground. What do you think of Wan Li and the South? " Suitable for ignorant people, can eat three meals, and the stomach will still be as expected; Those who are suitable for a hundred miles keep food, and those who are suitable for a thousand miles gather food in March. What do you know about the second worm? (Grab an elm: Gun Elm)
Little knowledge is not as good as great knowledge, and small years are not as good as big years. What if I know? I don't know the future, I don't know the spring and autumn. There are ghosts in southern Chu, and 500 years old is spring and 500 years old is autumn. In ancient times, there was a big tree, eight thousand years old was spring, and eight thousand years old was autumn. This is also a big year. Peng Zu has a long reputation, and everyone is the best. Don't be too sad!
The thorn of the Tang question is also: "There is a ghost sea in the poor north, and Tianchi is also. There is a kind of fish, which is thousands of miles wide. He who doesn't know his accomplishment is called Kun. There is a kind of bird called Peng. If the mountain is too high behind, the wings are like clouds hanging in the sky. It's nine Wan Li who rolled the corner and reached the top. If you lose the clouds and the sky, you can seek the south again, which is also suitable for the south. He laughed at me and said,' What about him? I jumped to my feet, but after counting down, I flew among Artemisia, which is also flying. And he is also a stone? ""this little debate is also.
Therefore, the husband knows that being an official is better than being a township, and virtue and jun are combined. Those who levy the country also pretend to be like this. However, Song still laughed: The reputation of the world is not persuaded, and the world is not in love. It is long gone to rely on the internal and external points to fight for the realm of honor and disgrace. There are countless others in the world. Although, there are still trees. Fu Liezi walked against the wind, and Ling Ran did well. There are five days in ten days and then the other way around. The blessed don't count. Although this is off-line, there are still things to do. With the righteousness of heaven and earth, the husband resists the debate of six qi and swims endlessly. Why is it evil? Therefore, to a person who doesn't have himself, the God-man is useless and the sage is nameless.
translate
There is a kind of fish in the North Sea. Its name is Kun. Kunming is very big. I don't know how many miles it is. Kun becomes a bird, and its name is Peng. Peng Bei is thousands of miles long; When it vibrates its wings and flies directly, its wings are like clouds hanging on the horizon. This bird will migrate to the South China Sea when the wind blows the sea. The sea in the south is a huge natural pool.
Qi Xie is a book that records some strange things. It is recorded in the book: "When Peng moved to the South China Sea, flapping his wings on the water surface could stir up waves of 3,000 miles, fly around the whirlwind to the high altitude of Wan Li, and leave the North Sea by the June wind." Swimming like wild horses, flying dust and animals are all moved by the wind. The sky is boundless, is it its original color? Is it boundless? When Peng looked down, he actually saw the same thing.
If the collected water is not deep, then it has no strength to carry a big ship. Pour a glass of water in the low-lying place in front of the hall, and a grass can be regarded as a boat. If you put a cup on it, it will stick. This is why shallow water makes a big ship. If the concentrated wind is not strong enough, then there is no strength to load a huge wing. Therefore, Peng flew at an altitude of 90,000 miles, and the wind was smooth. With the wind, he carried the blue sky unimpeded, and then began to fly south.
Cicada and Little Turtledove laughed at Peng and said, "We struggled to fly, but we stopped when we met elms and sandalwood trees. Sometimes we can't fly but land on the ground. Why fly nine Wan Li to the South China Sea? " People who go to the suburbs only bring the three meals they ate that day and come back full; People hundreds of miles away have to spend the whole night preparing dry food; People thousands of miles away have to save food for three months. What do cicadas and turtledoves know
Xiao Zhi can't compare with great wisdom and short life can't compare with long life. how do you know Fungi in ephemera do not know night and dawn. Spring begets summer and dies, and summer begets autumn and dies. I don't know a year. This is short-lived. There is a big tree in southern Chu called Gui Ling, which regards 500 years as a spring and 500 years as an autumn. In ancient times, there was a tree called Toona sinensis, which regarded 8,000 years as a spring and 8,000 years as an autumn. This is longevity. But Peng Zu, who lived 700 years, is now particularly famous for his long life. Isn't it sad that everyone wants to compete with him?
Shang Tang asked the spine and said the same thing. Tang asked Spine, "Is there any limit in the up and down direction?" The spine said: "Beyond infinity is infinity! In the far north without vegetation, there is a sea, that is Tianchi. There is a fish in it. Its body is thousands of miles wide. No one knows how long it is. Its name is Kun. There is a bird. Its name is Peng. Peng's back is like Mount Tai, and his wings are like clouds in the sky. Take a whirlwind to Wan Li, cross the clouds, form a blue sky, and then fly south, and you will fly to the South China Sea. The sparrow in Ozawa sneered and said to Peng,' Where have you been? I jumped and flew, but I fell a few feet high and circled among Artemisia, which was also an excellent flight. "Where will it fly?" "This is the difference between big and small.
Therefore, those who are smart enough to perform the duties of an official, whose behavior can shelter the people of a township, whose virtue can appeal to the heart of a king and whose ability can win the trust of the whole country look at themselves like the bird mentioned above. Song laughed at such people. Song Zi Rong was praised by everyone in the world, so he was not particularly encouraged. All the people in the world slander him, so he is not depressed. He decided his own affairs with foreign countries, distinguished the boundaries between honor and disgrace, and felt that was all. He does not pursue everything in the world desperately. Even so, he didn't reach that level.
Liezi walks with the wind and enjoys himself. Come back in fifteen days; He didn't try his best to pursue happiness. Although this avoids walking, it still has something to rely on. If he conforms to the nature of all things in the world, controls the changes of six qi and invites him to swim in infinite places, what will he rely on? Therefore, the person with the highest self-cultivation can let nature take its course and forget yourself. The person with the highest self-cultivation has no intention of seeking merit, and the sage with moral knowledge has no intention of seeking fame.
To annotate ...
(1) Ghost: It means that the sea is black. Northern Ghost, Beihai. "Nanming" refers to the South China Sea below. Legend has it that the North Sea is boundless, deep and dark.
(2) Kun (kūn): the legendary big fish. One: Cancel the sentence independence between subject and predicate. Its: table speculation.
(3) Peng: This is the ancient word "Phoenix", which refers to the legendary big bird.
(4) Anger: The way you stand up, here refers to flapping your wings.
(5) Vertical: same as "shovel", edge.
(6) Shipping: maritime sports. In ancient times, there was a saying that things changed in June. There must be a strong wind when shipping, so Dapeng can sail south with the wind. Migration: Migration.
(7) Tianchi: a naturally formed sea.
(8) Qi Xie: Title. Because of Qi's many humorous and strange things, it was named "Qi Xie". Say a name.
(9) strange things: record strange things. Record. Record.
(10) Water hammer: refers to the flapping of a bird's wings on the water. Strike: defeat.
(1 1) (tuán): Swing. A "beat" (bó), a beat. Spin: a whirlwind that spins sharply from the ground, also known as a hurricane. Nine stands for imaginary number, not real number.
(12) Go: Leave, which means leave Beihai. "People who go to rest in June" means that it took Da Pengfei six months to stop in Nanming. As soon as it was said that it was a strong wind, Dapeng flew to Nanming in the strong wind in June. Relying on: relying on. Rest: wind.
(13) Wild horse: refers to swimming fog. The ancients thought that everything germinated in spring, and the gas in the upper reaches of the earth was like a wild horse.
(14) Dust: The soil suspended in the air is called "dust", and the tiny dust particles are called "wormwood".
(15) Organism: refers to all kinds of organisms. Breath: This refers to the breath produced by biological respiration. Phase: mutual. Blow: blow.
(16) Pale color: dark blue. Its true nature is evil: maybe it is the true nature of heaven? Its, suppress, perhaps. Positive color, true color Evil, the same as "yeah", interrogative modal particles. Extreme: exhausted. Down: down. Also: also. Yes: So. Already: just.
(17) reply: dump. Ao: Uneven refers to the depression in the hall.
(18) Mustard: grass. If you put a cup in it, it will stick: if you put a cup in it, it will be stranded. Play it. Well, here it is. Glue, pointing to the ground.
(19) S: Then, just.
(20) Then today: the inverted sentence of "Today and then" means "So, then …". P: by.
(2 1) Yao Lu, Mo Zhi (yāo è): There are no obstacles. Death, frustration. Terbium, including, stop. Immortality is the inversion of immortality. Tunan: Plan to fly south.
(22) Theo: cicada. Pigeonology: The name of a bird, such as turtledove.
(23) Affirmation (xuè): the appearance of rapidity.
(24) Grasp (qiāng): touch, touch and ground. "Grab" is also called "gun". Elm: Two tree names. Elm. Elm. Square, sandalwood.
(25) control: throwing.
Yi Xi: Why? One: Go. Wei: The modal particle at the end of the sentence is a rhetorical question, which is equivalent to "you" south: the noun is used as a verb to fly south. "Xi takes his time ... as", that is, "where is it necessary?" .
(27) Fitness: Go, go. Mangcang: The color is hazy, which is difficult to distinguish from a distance. Originally refers to the color of the countryside, here extended to the suburbs.
(28) Three meals: refers to one day. This means only one day's food. Reverse: same as "return", return.
Jude: Still. Sure enough: full.
(30) Accommodation: This means one night. Overnight dishes: overnight dishes and overnight dishes.
(3 1) 1: this, this. Two kinds of insects: finger strap and learning pigeon. Bug: it means animal, which can be translated into small animal.
(32) zhiì: Knowing "wisdom" and wisdom.
(33) Chaojun: a fungal plant of Dazhi, which is a flash in the pan. Huishuo: Huishuo, the last day of the lunar month, the new moon and the first day of the lunar month. Say "dark" refers to the end of the month, "new moon" refers to the beginning of the month.
(34) huì gū g: Cold cicada, born in spring, died in summer or died in summer and autumn.
Ghost: the name of a big tree. Said it was chinemys reevesii's name.
(36) According to the structural characteristics of the words before and after, there should be the sentence "Today is middle-aged" below this sentence, but there is no such sentence in traditional books.
(37) Toona sinensis: the legendary name of a big tree. One said it was a giant Toona sinensis.
(38) Peng Zu: According to legend, Yao's courtiers, named Keng, were sealed in Peng and lived for about 800 years. Nagin: Now. By, by. Special and unique. Smell, famous all over the world.
(39) people: ordinary people. P: match and compare.
Tang: Shang Tang. Spine: Tang Wen, a famous doctor in Tang Dynasty, wrote Xiage (jí). Already: easy.
(4 1) poor hair: a legendary barren land without vegetation. Hair refers to vegetation.
(42) repair: long.
(43) Mount Tai: Mount Tai. In today's Tai 'an North, Shandong Province.
(44) Horn: A whirlwind that rotates upward like a horn.
(45) Absolutely: Yes.
Yan: The little sparrow in the pond. Strange, Chi, Ozawa.
(47) Here: ancient units of length, eight feet per week and seven feet per Han; We should adopt a weekly system here.
(48) to: extremely.
(49) Debate between small and big: the difference between small and big. Debate is the same as "debate", debate, debate.
(50) effectiveness: effectiveness, do your best. Officer: Official position.
(5 1) line (xíng): line. Proportion: combination.
52. Made ... Satisfied. And: pass "can", can. Sign: conquest.
(53) Song: Song Shuo (jiān) was a thinker in the Warring States Period. Still: smiling; Jude, children's Yao,.
(54) Elevator: All. Persuasion: encourage.
(55) No: blame, criticize. Ju (j incarnation): depressed.
(56) Decision: Recognize it. Inside and outside: here refers to oneself and things outside. In Zhuangzi's view, the spirit of autonomy is internal, while honor and criticism are external. Only the spirit of autonomy is important and valuable.
(57) Boundary: Boundary.
(58) Shuoran: Despair refers to being eager to use the world, seeking fame and fortune, and desperately pursuing it.
(59) Liezi: Zheng Guoren, a famous thinker in the Warring States Period. Royal: Control.
(60) Ling (líng) ran: light and agile. Kindness: beauty.
(6 1) Ten days: Ten days. Yes: Pass "and" to connect integers and zeros.
(62) Happiness: seeking happiness.
(63) Although: Although. Wait: Shit, shit.
(64) multiply: follow and depend. Heaven and earth: here refers to everything, refers to the whole nature. Positive: this; This refers to the nature of nature.
(65) Debate on Six Qi: Control the change of Six Qi. Royal, control, grasp. Six Qi: Yin, Yang, Wind, Rain, Yin and Ming. Debate: through "change" and the meaning of change.
(66) He. And: Will. Evil (wū): What, what.
(67) Knowing people: Zhuangzi thinks the person with the highest accomplishment. The meanings of "God Man" and "Saint" are similar below. No self: define the boundary between external things and self, and achieve the state of forgetting myself. I don't care about things.
(68) Man of God: This refers to a person whose spiritual world is completely detached from things. Reactive power: it has no effect, so it has no effect.
(69) Sage: Here refers to people with perfect ideological cultivation. Unknown: no name, no name.