What time does the singing and dancing in the West Lake and the Qingshan Tower outside the mountain close?
The warm wind makes tourists drunk, and they call Hangzhou Bianzhou.
Name: Inscribed on Lin'an Residence
Genre: Seven-Character Poetry
Era: Song Dynasty
Author: Lin Sheng
Original text
Notes
①Di: official residence, official residence.
②Hai: stop, give up.
③Zhi: Simply.
④Bianzhou: Bianliang (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.
⑤Warm wind: This refers not only to the warm wind in nature, but also to the fascinating "warm wind" brought by singing and dancing.
⑥Lin'an: The capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, now Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province.
Translation
Beyond the green hills there are green hills, and beyond the tall buildings there are tall buildings. The tourists in the lake are all dignitaries, and they stay up all night having fun with the singing and dancing girls, and they are intoxicated. , I don’t know when this situation will stop? The warm spring breeze was like the idleness and idleness of people at that time, which made those who fled forget about their own affairs and only wanted to enjoy the West Lake. They were so intoxicated that they actually regarded Hangzhou as Bianzhou, the once prosperous capital of the Song Dynasty. It writes about the author's resentment towards the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty who only cared about eating, drinking and having fun, but forgot about the shame of the country being torn to pieces
Appreciation
This is a poem written in a hotel in Lin'an City The poem on the wall is a political satire.
In 1126 AD, the Jin people captured Bianliang, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and captured the two emperors Huizong and Qinzong. The entire Central Plains territory was occupied by the Jin people. Zhao Gou fled to the south of the Yangtze River and ascended the throne in Lin'an, known as the Southern Song Dynasty in history. The small court of the Southern Song Dynasty did not accept the painful lesson of the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty and worked hard to improve itself. The people in power did not want to regain the lost territory of the Central Plains, but only wanted to live in peace. They surrendered externally and brutally persecuted Yue Fei and other patriots internally. They were politically corrupt and incompetent, and the high-ranking officials were blind to it. Indulge in sensuality and have fun. This poem was written in response to this dark reality. It pours out the indignation in the hearts of the people and expresses the poet's deep concern for the fate of the country and the nation.
The first two sentences of the poem "Beyond the mountains are green hills, the buildings are outside the buildings, when will the West Lake singing and dancing end?" capture the characteristics of Lin'an City: overlapping green hills, rows of terraces and endless singing and dancing, and write The false prosperity and peace of that year. The poet was so moved by the scene that he couldn't help but sigh: "When will the singing and dancing in West Lake stop?" When will the obscene singing and dancing by the West Lake stop people's fighting spirit against gold?
The last two sentences, "The warm wind makes tourists drunk, and they call Hangzhou Bianzhou" are the poet's further expression of his feelings. "Warm breeze" is a pun, referring to both the spring breeze in nature and the lustful wind in society. It is this "warm wind" that blows people's minds as if they are drunk. "Tourists" cannot be understood as ordinary tourists, but refer specifically to the ruling class of the Southern Song Dynasty who forgot about the national crisis, lived in peace and had fun. The words "Xun" and "Drunk" are used very delicately in the poem, vividly depicting the mental state of those dignitaries who indulged in sex and harmed the country and the people. At the end, "Hangzhou is always regarded as Bianzhou" directly accuses the Southern Song Dynasty government of forgetting the hatred of the country and the family, and treating the temporarily peaceful Hangzhou as the old capital Bianzhou. The bitter satire contains great anger and endless worries.
This poem is cleverly conceived and well-worded: the sarcasm is written from a lively scene; it is extremely indignant, but does not use abusive words. Truly a masterpiece of allegorical poetry.
About the author
Lin Sheng, courtesy name Mengping, was born in Pingyang (now Zhejiang). The year of his birth and death is unknown. He probably lived in the Xiaozong Dynasty (1163-1189). He was a scholar who was good at poetry and prose. One of his poems is recorded in "Records of Traveling to the West Lake". The famous poem is "Inscribed on Lin'an Residence".
Modern translation of ancient poems
Beyond the mountains there are green hills and towers. When will the singing and dancing of the West Lake stop? The warm breeze makes tourists intoxicated, almost thinking that Hangzhou is Bianzhou.
Appreciation of famous quotes - "The warm wind makes tourists drunk, and they call Hangzhou Bianzhou."
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The rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty did not want to regain their lost territory, but just wanted to settle down in a corner. They built a large number of palaces and gardens in Hangzhou. They built more than 40 gardens alone, and countless pavilions and pavilions for other nobles and wealthy people. This poem The first two sentences of the poem describe the beauty of Hangzhou's landscape and the scenes of peaceful singing and dancing from the infinity of space and time. The implication is: "When will we stop?" When can the cause of fighting against the Jin Dynasty and restoring the country be started? However, the warm wind makes the tourists feel as if they are drunk, and they are all intoxicated and have no sense of worry. They actually regard Hangzhou in the south of the Yangtze River as Bianzhou in the Central Plains. "Warm wind" is a pun, which is both a warm natural wind and a decadent wind. The last sentence is both ironic and warning: if things go on like this, Hangzhou will fall into the same trap as Bianzhou. The whole poem does not use allusions, it is very short but rich in content, and its language is simple and profound.
Lin Wai (1106-1170), a native of Maping Village, Jinjiang, Song Dynasty, was the eighth generation of Lin Zhi. Sun, named Qichen, was born in the fifth year of Chongning of Song Dynasty (1106). He was a Jinshi in the 30th year of Emperor Gaozong of Song Dynasty (1160) and stayed in Xinghua Huizhou. There is a man in Hangzhou who is very good at wine. He once drank for a long time at a West Lake wine shop in Hangzhou, and wrote a poem on the wall called "Qi Jue": When will the singing and dancing in the West Lake stop when the green mountain tower outside the mountain makes the tourists drunk? Bianzhou! Everyone was astonished and thought they were gods. He pointedly pointed at the small dynasty of the Zhao family, which was secretly settled in a corner at that time, and expressed the sorrow and anger in the hearts of the people. At the same time, he warned the Zhao family monarchs: Stop being arrogant, extravagant and drunken. Before the fall of Bianjing , this is also the case! This popular song is "Inscribed on Lin'an Mansion". Who is the author? Some people wrote it as "Lin Sheng", and some wrote it as "Lin Wai", because the handwriting on the white wall was written in cursive. "Sheng" and "Wai" are very similar in shape, and there has always been disagreement. "West Lake Tour Chronicle" records this poem as "Lin Wai", taking this as a clue, it is now "Lin Wai" through textual research. "Song Kaiji Maping (Ping) Lin Family Genealogy" " said Lin Wai was "unrestrained in his poetry and uninhibited in his conversation." When he was young, he traveled to the Jiangsu and Jiji areas to study. Because he failed in many tests, he also heard and witnessed the Zhao family dynasty's obscurity and corruption, and was cynical. He often wore Taoist clothes, behaved in a debauched manner, and wrote poems everywhere. In addition to the poem "Inscribed on Lin'an Residence", he wrote lyrics to express his inner feelings. Once, he came to the Chuihong Bridge in the east of Suzhou City and saw the majestic bridge with seventy-two bridge holes, like a long rainbow lying on the waves, which made him feel emotional. With a sudden surge of literary thoughts, I wrote a poem on the flying frame of Yiqiao Cave, and sent it to "Dong Xian Song": The flying frame presses the water, and the rainbow shadow clears the dawn. I lament the past and present, and the changes in things and people. No, in the world, only the mountains and rivers are immortal. Who knows how many times I have passed through the sky with my sword? The moon is cold and the waves are cold. When I return, the door of the forest cave is unlocked. Yunping Yanzhang is my house, and the ground is covered with moss, which is not swept away every year. Later, someone copied this poem to Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, and attached the legend that it was written by the immortal Lu Dongbin. Zhao Gou was familiar with the rhythm and rhyme of the poem, and he pondered after reading it. After a moment, he smiled and said: "What kind of immortal is this? This was clearly written by a Fujian scholar! "The ministers on the left and right were confused and asked for advice. Zhao Gou said: "The rhymes and rhymes of this poem are mostly in the southern Fujian dialect. "If you look closely, the words "hat", "guo", "suo" and "sweep" in the second half of this word can only be recited in Minnan dialect, which is Ye Yun's. It was only a long time later that people knew: Linwai is Cheng The schooner passed through the bridge hole, and he stood on the roof of the cabin, facing up to the sky, and wrote the inscription on the flying beam. After writing it, there was no trace of it in the water and the sky. No wonder the world was so surprised that it was written by gods. Once, Lin Wai was traveling to the West Lake alone. He also wore Taoist priest's clothes and chose a secluded hotel to drink. He asked the bartender to take random money from the tiger skin purse on his back and buy wine according to the money. After drinking, he drank again and continued drinking until evening. "Everyone who drinks a lot will not get drunk." Someone looked at the money in his wallet and found that it had not decreased. Everyone was surprised and thought they had met a "god". When he was about to leave, Lin Wai borrowed some pen and ink and put it on the wall of the hotel. In the meantime, he wrote a poem: In the old days of Yaolu Danzao, my home was deep in the white clouds; Jiangcheng was in love with wine and never returned, but the old peach blossoms were endless. The next day, there was a rumor all over the city that a "god" came to drink in a hotel in West Lake. ,etc.
Another time, when he saw Yun Gai Peak near the West Lake, half hidden and half visible in the morning mist, he was moved emotionally and immediately wrote a poem: A peak stands out from the world. It has been said since ancient times that Yun Gai Mountain is not the top of the mountain. , only due to the steep peaks reaching into the clouds! He fully exposed his noble character of not conforming to the secular world. There are two sons outside Lin, the eldest Lin Qian and the second Lin Kun. Lin Qian moved to Chenjiang (Chendai) and became the founder of the Chendai Lin family in Jinjiang. Lin Wai died in the sixth year of Emperor Xiaozong's reign (1170) and was buried in Lingyuan Mountain with his second ancestor Lin Zhi