1. The ancients wrote classical Chinese articles about reading, which are urgently needed
Hello! The original text is "The Crown Prince", a native of Zhuji.
When he was seven or eight years old, his father ordered him to go up to Niulong and steal (2) into the school building to listen to the students reciting the book. After listening, he often memorized it silently. Returning home in the evening, he forgot his cow, and his father angrily beat him (4).
It’s as good as before. The mother said: "Your son is so crazy, why don't you listen to what he does?" Mian Yin left and lived in a monk's temple.
Night dive (6) came out and sat on the Buddha's lap, held the policy (7) and read it under the light of a long bright lamp, and the sound was loud and clear (8). There are many earthen idols in the Buddha statues, which are ferocious and terrifying (9). They crown children, but they are still peaceful (10) if they don’t know.
("Collected Works of Scholars of the Song Dynasty") Notes (1) Mu: grazing livestock. (2) Plagiarism: secretly, secretly.
(3) Noh: always (often), just. (4) Tart: Beat people with whips, sticks, etc.
(5) 曷: Through "what", why. (6) Diving: secretly and quietly.
(7) Implementation: Hold the book. (8) Dadan: Until morning, until dawn.
(9) Ferocious and terrifying: ferocious, ferocious and frightening, (10): Tian: calm and nonchalant look. Translation Wang Mian is from Zhuji County.
When he was seven or eight years old, his father asked him to herd cattle on the field. He secretly ran into the school to listen to the students reading. After listening to it, I always remember it silently.
When he returned home in the evening, he forgot all about the cattle grazing. Wang Mian's father was furious and beat Wang Mian.
Afterwards, he was still like this. His mother said: "This child wants to study so much, why not let him do it?" From then on, Wang Mian left home and lived in a temple.
As soon as night came, he walked out quietly, sat on the lap of the Buddha statue, held a book in his hand and read under the light of the lantern in front of the Buddha statue. The sound of the book continued until dawn. Most of the Buddha statues are made of clay, and their faces are ferocious and scary.
Although Wang Mian was a child, his expression was calm, as if he had not seen anything. The appreciation article tells us: The fundamental reason why Wang Mian became a famous painter and poet in ancient times is that Wang Mian was dedicated to reading when he was young, was tireless in learning, and was obsessed with it.
This firm ambition and tenacious learning spirit were the cornerstones of his subsequent success. We can be inspired by it and get enlightenment: "If a young man does not work hard, he will be sad when he is old." We young people should cherish their youth and study scientific and cultural knowledge diligently to lay a solid foundation for serving the motherland in the future.
Original text Yu was fond of studying [1] when he was young. The family was poor and had no way to write [2] a letter [3] for reading. Every time he borrowed it [4] under the guise of a book collector, he would write it down by hand and count the days to return it.
It is very cold, the inkstone is hard, and the fingers cannot be bent or stretched, so there is no need to be lazy[5]. After recording, I went to see him off, not daring to exceed the appointment [6].
Therefore, many people spend their spare time reading books, and I have to read all the books. After being crowned [7], I admire the way of the sages.
Also worried about [8] not having a master [9] famous people and traveling, I tried [10] to go [11] hundreds of miles away, and followed the pioneers [12] from the hometown to ask questions [13]. The first Dade Long Wangzun[14], his disciples filled his room[15], but he did not even lose his words[16].
Yu Li waits on the left and right, asking questions [17], bending over to greet him [18]; or when he is yelling [19], he becomes more respectful and courteous [20]. I dare not say a word to reply [21]; as soon as [22] he is pleased, I will ask him again. Therefore, although I am stupid, I have learned something.
When Yu Zhi was a disciple, he carried his luggage[23] and dragged his clothes through the deep mountains and huge valleys. It was a harsh winter[24] with strong winds, heavy snow several feet deep, and the skin of his feet was chapped[25] without knowing it. Zhishe [26], the four limbs [27] are stiff and unable to move, and the nun [28] holds the soup and fertilizes it, covering it with a quilt, and over time it becomes harmonious.
Staying in Niji [29], the owner eats again and again every day, and does not enjoy the taste of fresh fat. All the students in the same room are embroidered with silk, wearing hats decorated with red tassels, a white jade ring around the waist, a sword on the left, and a sword on the right. Yeran is like a god, and Yu Zemiao is in the middle with a torn robe. , There is no intention of admiration, but those who are satisfied with it do not know that the verbal and physical worship [33] is not as good as others.
Gai Yu’s hard work is as difficult as this. Nowadays, all students are studying in Taixue [37], the county magistrate [38] has a little gift, and their parents have Qiu Ge's inheritance, and they are not in danger of being cold and discouraged. They sit under the building and recite "Poems" and "Books", There is no need to travel around; there are teachers and doctors [39] who are teachers, but they don’t ask without asking, and they don’t get what they ask for; all the books that are suitable to have are collected here, and there is no need to record them in my hand. People see each other later.
If one’s work is not perfect and his virtues are not perfect, it is not because of his inferior nature, but his heart is not as sharp as his ears. Is it anyone else’s fault? Ma Shengjun of Dongyang has been studying at Taixue for two years and is highly praised by his peers as a virtuous person. Yu Chao was the capital [41], and he was born as a son of a native of the country to pay homage to Yu.
Writing [42] I thought Zhi was a long book, and his words were very fluent. Discussing with it, the words are harmonious but the color is foreign [43].
I say that when I was young, I devoted myself to studying very hard. He can be described as a good scholar.
He will return to see his relatives, and it is difficult for him to learn the old ways.
Saying that Yu Mian's people are scholars is Yu's ambition; those who slander me and praise my great fortune[44] and are arrogant to the people in my hometown don't know what I am! Note [1] Hobby: Special hobby.
[2] No way: There is no way. [3] To a book: to get a book, here it means to buy a book.
[4] Pretend to borrow: borrow. "Fake" also means borrowing.
[5] Fu Zhidao: Don’t slack off, don’t relax in copying. "Zhi" is the object of "lazy" and refers to the matter of "recording".
[6] Walk: run. [7] Overdue: exceeding the agreed time limit.
[8] Crowning: In ancient times, when a man was twenty years old, a crowning (hair binding and hat) ceremony was held to indicate that he had reached adulthood. This refers to twenty years old.
[9] Suffering: Worry, worry. [10] Master teacher: a teacher with profound knowledge.
Shuo, big. [11] Taste: once.
[12] Trend: running towards. [13] Xianda: A moral and knowledgeable senior.
[14] Ask: Ask for advice. Knock and ask.
[15] Delong Wangzun: High morals and great reputation. [16] Disciples filled his room: students crowded his room.
Disciple, disciple, student. Fill, plug.
This means crowded. [17] Words and expressions: words and expressions.
[18] Ask questions and ask questions: raise questions and ask for reasons. To quote, to quote, to propose.
Quality, inquiry. [19] Lean over and tilt your ears to ask for advice: bend down and tilt your ears to ask for advice (to show respect and concentration).
[20] Chidu: rebuke, scold. [21]To: thoughtful.
[22]Re: This refers to justification. [23]俟: Wait.
[24] Negative suitcase (qiè) and dragging 壣 (xǐ): Carrying a bookcase and dragging shoes (meaning that the shoes are broken). [25] Poor winter: severe winter.
[26] Chapped (jūn): The skin is cracked due to cold and dryness. [27] House: This refers to the school, the school.
[28] Branch: Same as "limb". [29]媵(yìng): a dowry woman.
This refers to the maid. [30] Soup: hot water.
[31] Woguan: water for washing. Tong "wash".
[32] Yu Ni Lv: Live in a hotel. Reverse travel, hotel.
[33] Smell: sachet. [34] Ye (yè) Ran: the appearance of shining glory.
[35]犊 (yùn) robe and clothes: shabby clothes. 犊, old wadding. Shabby, torn. [36] Oral and body service: refers to the enjoyment of food and clothing. [37] Taixue: The Imperial College, located in the capital, is the highest academic institution in the country. [38] County official: This refers to the imperial court.
Linshao: Linshi, that is, food expenses. 2. Classical Chinese articles about the ancients' love of books
1. Kuang Heng studied hard. Original text: Kuang Heng, also known as Zhigui, Kuang Heng studied hard but had no time to learn.
The neighbor had a candle but did not catch it. Heng passes through the wall to draw out the light, and uses the book to reflect the light and read it.
The people in the city were illiterate and their family was rich and well-educated. Heng worked as a servant without asking for a taste. The master asked Heng strangely, and Heng said: "I would like to have the master's books read all over."
The master sighed and gave him the books to build a university. Heng was able to speak "Poems", and people at the time said: "When Wu said "Poems", Kuang Ding came, and Kuang explained "Poems" to understand people."
Ding is also a nickname for Heng. At that time, people were in awe and admired this, and everyone who heard it laughed with joy.
When someone from Hengyi wrote a poem, Heng followed it, talked to him, and questioned him. The people in Hengyi were frustrated and walked away. Heng Zhui said: "Sir, please stay and listen, and I will make more sense!" The people in the city said: "I am poor!" Then he left and never returned.
Translation: Kuang Heng, courtesy name Zhigui. Kuang Heng was diligent and studious, but there was no candle lighting at home. There were candles in the neighbor's house, but the light couldn't shine into his home, so Kuang Heng cut a hole in the wall to attract the light from the neighbor's house, so that the light could shine on the books for reading.
There was a rich man named Wen Bu Shi in his hometown. He was a rich man and had many books at home. Kuang Heng went to his house to work as a hired worker without any reward.
The master felt very strange and asked him why he was like this. He said, "I hope I can get your book and read it through." After hearing this, the master sighed deeply and lent him the book to read.
So Kuang Heng became a great scholar. Kuang Heng was able to explain "The Book of Songs". People at that time made up a jingle for this purpose and said, "No one should talk about "The Book of Songs". Kuang Ding is here. When Kuang Ding talks about "The Book of Songs", he can make people laugh with their mouths wide open." Ah! "Ding is Kuang Heng's nickname. People at that time were in awe and admiration for him, and everyone who heard it laughed.
There was also an interpreter of "Poetry" in Kuang Heng's hometown. Kuang Heng went to him to argue with him and examine the doubtful and controversial points. As a result, the man ran away without even bothering to put on his coat and clothes.
Kuang Heng caught up and said, "Sir, please stay and listen to me. Let's start from the beginning." The man said, "I really have nothing to say!" So the man ran away and never came back. .
Note: Kuang Heng: Western Han Dynasty Confucian scholar caught: arrived, and. Not caught means that the candle light cannot reach it.
Through the wall: Make a hole in the wall. Wear: chisel. Yiren: refers to people from the same county.
In ancient times, "county" was generally called "eup". Big surname: wealthy family; wealthy family.
Ignorance of the text: refers to the lack of knowledge of the title of the text. With: give.
Commission: Being hired to work. Wish: hope.
Compensation: value, refers to reward (return). Weird: Yes.
Feeling strange (the text can be translated as feeling strange about this).
Pass: to exhaust; capital: to borrow. Ying: to reflect.
Sui: So, just. University: University asks questions.
Nang Ying's Night Reading Original text: Che Yin (yìn) of Jin Dynasty, his family was poor and he didn't often get oil. However, if you work hard during the day, you cannot read at night.
When it comes to the summer moon, I use practice as a bag, hold dozens of fireflies to illuminate the book, and study hard day and night. He is old, knowledgeable and well-known, and is praised by people of his time.
"Book of Jin·Biography of Che Yin". Translation: There was a man named Che Yin in the Jin Dynasty. His family was poor and he could not get sesame oil often (to light a lamp so that he could study under the lamp). However, he had to plow the fields during the day and could not study at night because he did not have an oil lamp. On summer nights, Che Yin Yin used a light-transmitting bag made of white silk and filled it with dozens of fireflies to illuminate the books. He read at night and during the day, studying diligently and tirelessly.
As time passed, he became more knowledgeable, and people at that time praised him. Expansion: Che Yin, courtesy name Wuzi, was born in Nanping (today's Hubei Public Security City) in the Jin Dynasty. His grandfather Che Jun was the prefect of Kuaiji in Soochow during the Three Kingdoms period.
Che Yin asked for relief from the people due to famine, but was executed by the fatuous Wu Lord Sun Hao. From then on, Che Yin's family became destitute. Che Yin was determined to study hard and dabble in various kinds of knowledge. The prefect Wang Huzhi once said to his father Che Yu: "This son should be greatly promoted in the Qing Dynasty, so that he can specialize in learning."
Because my family is poor, I have no money to light a lamp while reading at night. One summer night, he was sitting in the yard silently reciting books. He saw many fireflies, like many small lights flashing in the night sky. In the pockets made, fluorescent light shines out.
Che Yin studied hard day and night with the help of the faint light emitted by fireflies. Under the guidance of his father, Che Yin finally became a very knowledgeable man and held official positions such as the prefect of Wuxing, the general of the auxiliary state, and the minister of the Ministry of household affairs in his life.
In the Tang Dynasty, Yang Hongzhen, Yang Fan, and Jiang Fang all wrote "Fluorescent Photos", all of which talked about Che Yin. Song Lian studied hard. Original text: I was addicted to studying when I was young.
My family is poor and I have no way to read the books. Every time I go to the house where the books are collected, I write them down by hand and count the days to return them. The weather is extremely cold, the inkstone is hard, and the fingers cannot be flexed or extended, so do not be lazy.
After recording, I went to see him off, not daring to exceed the appointment. Therefore, many people spend their spare time reading books, and I can read a lot of books.
With the crown, I admire the way of the sages. Also worried about the lack of masters and famous people traveling around, he often traveled hundreds of miles away to consult the scriptures from the pioneers in his hometown.
The first Dade Long Wangzun, his disciples filled the house, and his words did not drop a bit. Yu Li waited on the left and right, leaning over to ask questions and ask questions; or when he was yelling at someone, he would become more respectful and courteous, not daring to say a word; when he was pleased, he would ask again.
Therefore, although I am stupid, I have learned something. When I was a disciple, I carried my suitcase and my clothes and walked in the deep mountains and huge valleys. There was a strong wind in the cold winter, the snow was several feet deep, and my skin was chapped but I didn't know it.
At the end of the house, the four limbs are stiff and unable to move. The nun holds the soup and fertilizes it, and covers it with a quilt. Over time, it becomes harmonious. Living in the opposite direction, the owner eats again and again every day, and does not enjoy the taste of fresh fat.
All the students in the same room are embroidered with silk, wearing hats decorated with Zhuying jewels, a white jade ring around the waist, a sword on the left, and a dirty face on the right, looking like a god. Those who have no motive for admiration, but who have enough pleasure in it, do not know that the verbal and physical worship is not as good as others. This is all due to my hard work and hard work.
Nowadays, all students are studying in Taixue. The county magistrates have Linshou's offerings every day, and their parents have Qiuge's legacy every year. They are not in danger of being cold and discouraged. They sit under the building and recite "Poems" and "Books" , there is no need to travel around; there are teachers and doctors who are teachers, but they don’t ask without asking, and they don’t get what they ask for; all the books that are suitable to have are collected here, there is no need to record them in my hand, and pretend to be others. See you. If one's work is not refined and one's virtues are not perfect, it is not because of his inferior nature, but his mind is not as sharp as my ears. Is it anyone else's fault? Translation: I loved reading when I was a child.
My family was poor and could not afford to buy books to read. I often borrowed them from people who collected books, and copied them by hand, calculating the dates and returning them on time. When it's very cold, the water in the pool turns to hard ice, and your fingers (frozen) can't bend or straighten, nor can they stop.
After copying, return the borrowed books as quickly as possible without exceeding the agreed deadline. So everyone. 3. Classical Chinese essays on reading
Encouragement to learn
Xunzi
The gentleman said: Learning cannot stop itself. Green is derived from blue and is green from blue; ice is derived from water and is cold from water. The wood is straight and the rope is in the middle, and the frame is used as a wheel, and its curve is regular. Although it is rough and violent, it is no longer straight, and the frame is used to make it so. Therefore, if wood is supported by a rope, it will be straight, if metal is sharpened, it will be beneficial. If a gentleman is knowledgeable and examines himself every day, he will know clearly and act without mistakes.
It is not as good as me to learn what I have learned in just a moment if I think about it all day long; it is not as good as to gain broad insights by climbing high.
When you climb high and make moves, your arms are not lengthened, but the sight is far away; when you call along the wind, the sound is not faster, but the sound is louder. A fake horse can travel thousands of miles without benefiting from its feet; a fake boat can run a thousand miles without benefiting from the water. A gentleman's life is not different, he is good at things and fake things.
When the soil accumulates, mountains become the wind and rain; when the water accumulates, the abyss becomes abyss, dragons emerge; when good deeds accumulate, virtue becomes, and the gods are satisfied with themselves, and the holy mind is prepared. Therefore, if you do not accumulate steps, you cannot reach a thousand miles; if you do not accumulate small streams, you cannot reach a river or sea. A horse can't take ten steps with one leap; a horse can ride ten times without giving up its merits. If you persevere, the rotten wood will not be broken; if you persevere, the metal and stone can be carved. Earthworms don't have sharp claws and teeth, nor strong muscles and bones. They eat earth and drink from the underworld. They have the same intention. A crab with six knees and two pincers is not a snake and eel that has nothing to rely on in its cave, so it means it is impatient.
Teacher said
Han Yu
Ancient scholars must have teachers. A teacher is the one who preaches the truth, receives karma and resolves doubts. People are not born with knowledge, how can they be free from confusion? If you are confused and do not follow the teacher, it is confusion, and you will never be able to understand it. Those who were born before me, they heard the Tao before me, and I learned from them; those born after me, they heard the Tao before me, and I learned from them. My teacher, do you know who was born to me one year or another? Therefore, there is neither high nor low, neither long nor short. Where the Tao exists, the teacher exists.
Sigh! It’s been a long time since teachers’ teachings were passed on! It’s hard to be clear of confusion! The ancient saints were also far away from others, and they still asked if they were teachers. Today's people are also far away from the saints, and they are ashamed to learn from their teachers. Therefore, the saint is better than the saint, and the fool is better than the fool. The reason why the saint is saint and the reason why the fool is fool are all due to this! If you love your son and choose a teacher to teach him, you will be ashamed of the teacher and confused! The teacher of the boy, who teaches the book and then learns its sentences, is not what I call someone who teaches his way and solves his confusion. I don't know how to read a sentence, I don't understand it when I'm confused, maybe it's a teacher's fault, or maybe it's not a good idea. A man of witchcraft, doctor, musician, and all kinds of craftsmanship, would not be ashamed of a physiognomist; a clan of scholar-bureaucrats, who would say "master" or "disciple", would gather together and laugh at him. When asked, he said: "He is similar to that year, and the way is similar. A low position is shameful, and a high official is close to flattery." Woohoo! The way of a teacher can no longer be known. Gentlemen look down upon people who are witch doctors, musicians, and musicians. Now his wisdom is beyond his reach, how strange it is!
The sage is the teacher of impermanence. Confucius studied under Tanzi, Changhong, Xiang and Laodan. The disciples of Tanzi were not as wise as Confucius. Confucius said: "When three people walk, there must be my teacher." Therefore, the disciple does not have to be inferior to the teacher, and the teacher does not have to be better than the disciple. There is a sequence of learning the Tao, and there is a specialization in the arts, that's all.
Zi Pan, a seventeen-year-old son of the Li family, was fond of ancient Chinese prose, and was familiar with all the classics and biographies of the six arts. Yu Jiaqi was able to practice the ancient way and wrote "Shi Shuo" to teach him. 4. Are there any classical Chinese stories about ancient people who studied hard?
Wang Mian studied
Wang Mian was a native of Zhuji. When he was seven or eight years old, his father ordered him to go up to the Niulong Mountain and steal (2) the school building to listen to the students reciting the book. After listening, he often memorized it silently. Go home in the evening and forget your cattle. Or if a cow comes to trample the fields, the father will be angry and kill him (4). It's back to its original state. The mother said: "Your son is so crazy, why don't you listen to what he does?" Mian Yin went to live in Yiseng Temple. Night dive (6) came out and sat on the Buddha's lap, held the policy (7) and read it under the light of a long bright lamp, and the sound was loud and clear (8). There are many earthen idols in the Buddha statues, and they are ferocious and terrifying (9). If you don't see them, you will be crowned with peace of mind (10).
Anyang Hanxing heard about it and was admitted as a disciple. He then became a master of Confucianism. If the nature is dead, the disciples will be like Xing. At that time, Mian's father had died, so he welcomed his mother into Yue City to raise her. After a long time, my mother wanted to return to her hometown, so she bought a white ox-carriage for her mother's carriage. The children in the village competed to cover the road and laughed, and Mian also laughed. ("Collected Works of Scholars of the Song Dynasty")
Translation
Wang Mian was from Zhuji County. When he was seven or eight years old, his father asked him to herd cattle on the field. He secretly ran into the school to listen to the students reading. After listening to it, I always remember it silently. When he returned home in the evening, he forgot all about the cattle grazing. There were always people who brought their own cattle to blame it for trampling on the fields. Wang Mian's father was furious and beat Wang Mian. Afterwards, he was still like this. His mother said, "This child wants to study so much, why not let him do it?" Wang Mian then left home and stayed in a temple. As soon as night came, he would quietly come out and sit on the lap of the Buddha statue. He held a book in his hand and read under the light of the lantern in front of the Buddha statue. The sound of the book continued until dawn. Most of the Buddha statues are made of clay, and their faces are ferocious and scary. Although Wang Mian was a child, his expression was calm, as if he had not seen anything. Anyang's Hanxing heard about it, and thought he was different, he was collected as a student, where he became a learned Confucian scholar. After Han Xing's death, Han Xing's disciples treated Wang Mian the same way they treated Han Xing. Wang Mian's father had passed away at that time, so Wang Mian welcomed his mother to Yuecheng to raise her. After a long time, his mother wanted to return to her hometown, so Wang Mian bought cows to drive his mother's cart, and he himself followed the cart in ancient official uniform. The children in the village gathered on both sides of the road and laughed, and Wang Mian himself laughed.
Notes
(1) Herding: grazing livestock. (2) Already: in the future. (3) Plagiarism: secretly, secretly.
(4) Noir: always (often), just. (5) Tart: Beat people with whips, sticks, etc.
(6)曷: Through "what", why. (7) Diving: Secretly and quietly. (8) Implementation: holding a book. (9) Dadan: Until morning, until dawn. (10) Ferocious and terrifying: ferocious, ferocious and frightening.
(11) Tian: Looks peaceful and nonchalant. (12) Cause: So, just.
(13) Record: collect. 5. Ancient literati wrote ancient poems about reading and learning
When hundreds of rivers reach the sea from the east, when will they return to the west? If a young man does not work hard, the old man will be miserable. (Han Yuefu "Long Song Xing")
To learn a hundred things, one must first be determined. (Zhu Xi)
The edge of a sword comes from sharpening, and the fragrance of plum blossoms comes from the bitter cold.
The pen falls in the storm, and the poem becomes the weeping ghosts and gods. (Du Fu)
Bie Cai Pseudo-style professed elegance, Zhuan Yiduo is your teacher. (Du Fu)
Read it a hundred times, and its meaning will appear by itself. (Romance of the Three Kingdoms)
I have read thousands of volumes and written as if I had a spirit. (Du Fu)
The method of reading is to study in an orderly and progressive manner, to read thoroughly and to think carefully. (Zhu Xi)
Read thousands of books and travel thousands of miles. (Liu Yi)
The lights are on at three and the chickens are on at five, which is when men get angry. Black-haired people don't know how to study diligently early, and white-haired people regret studying late. (Yan Zhenqing)
The three armies can seize the commander, but an ordinary man cannot seize the will. (Confucius)
Don't wait for closure. The young man's head will turn white, and he will feel empty and sad. (Yue Fei)
Learning without thinking is a waste, and thinking without learning is peril. (Confucius)
Be tireless in learning and tireless in teaching. (Confucius)
After learning, you will not know enough. (Book of Rites)
There is no end to learning. (Xunzi)
Proverbs about learning
1. Knowledge is the torch of wisdom.
2. Read a book and gain wisdom.
3. If you don’t eat, you will be hungry; if you don’t study, you will be stupid.
4. If you don’t move forward, you won’t know how far you have to go; if you don’t study hard, you won’t understand the truth.
5. If a tree is not cultivated, it will not grow straight; if a person does not learn, he will have no knowledge.
6. It is better to enrich yourself with knowledge than to decorate yourself with pearls.
7. Bees pluck hundreds of flowers to make sweet wine, and people read books to understand the truth.
8. Labor is the source of knowledge; knowledge is the guide to life.
9. Knowledge is the torch of wisdom.
10. A sword will become rusty if it is not sharpened; a person will fall behind if he does not learn.
11. Lush seedlings need water; growing teenagers need to learn.
12. Stars make the sky dazzling; knowledge enables people to increase their talents.
13. Make candles to seek clarity and read books to seek reason.
14. Food nourishes the body, and books enrich wisdom.
15. There are three most precious things in the world - knowledge, food and friendship. (Burmese proverb)
16. Books that are kept but not read are like waste paper. (British proverb)
17. It is better to accumulate knowledge than to accumulate gold and silver. (European proverb 6. 10 ancient poems about reading
1. "Encouraging Learning" Tang Dynasty: Yan Zhenqing
When the lights are on at three o'clock and the chickens are on at five o'clock, it is the time for men to study. < /p>
Black-haired people don’t know how to study early, and white-headed people regret studying late.
Vernacular interpretation: From midnight to the time when the rooster crows every day, it is the best time for boys to study. When I was young, I only knew how to play but didn’t know how to study hard. When I got older, I regretted why I didn’t know how to study hard when I was young.
2. "Guanshu" Ming Dynasty: Yu Qian
< p> The book is as affectionate as an old friend, and each morning and evening brings joy and sorrow to each other.There are three thousand words falling in front of my eyes, and there is no trace of dust in my chest.
The flowing water is everywhere, and the flowers and willows are fresh every time. .
I am looking for a beautiful guest in my house, but I don’t believe that there will be spring in my house.
Vernacular interpretation: My feelings for books are like friends for many years, no matter in the morning or in the evening. Sadness or happiness always has its companion. After reading countless words in front of me, there is no longer any distracting thoughts in the world. Fresh ideas are flowing in endlessly, like flowers and willows changing in new colors in the east wind. . Walking across the golden saddle, the dignitaries still sigh that it is hard to find her, and they don't believe that there is a special spring scene in this study.
3. "Studying" Song Dynasty: Lu You
Return to Zhi. Rather than having a five-acre garden, the original intention of reading is Yuanyuan.
Although my eyesight in front of the lamp is not the same as before, I still have 20,000 words to learn.
Vernacular interpretation: Even if I have no ambition to return to my hometown and live in seclusion. The five acres of farmland are still the same. The original purpose of reading is to read under the lamp, but my eyes are not as good as before.
4. "White Deer Cave". "Two Poems: One" Tang Dynasty: Wang Zhenbai
Reading is already late, and every inch of time is worth every inch of gold.
It is not the Taoist who comes to make people laugh, but Zhou Qing and Kong Sizheng are pursuing it. >
Vernacular interpretation: Focus on studying, and before you know it, spring is over, and every inch of time is like an inch of gold. It is not that Taoists came to laugh at it, but I devoted myself to studying the essence of Confucius' ideological teachings.
5. "Winter Night Reading Shows Ziyu" Song Dynasty: Lu You "
The ancients spared no effort in learning, and their skills were only achieved when they were young and old.
I only know that this matter needs to be carried out in detail.
Vernacular interpretation: The ancients spared no effort in learning, and often did not achieve success until old age. After all, the knowledge gained from books is not perfect. If you want to deeply understand the truth, you must practice it yourself.
6. "Study Diligently" Song Dynasty: Wang Zhu
Diligent study leads to thousands of books.
Three winters are enough now, who laughs with an empty belly.
Vernacular interpretation: Learning requires hard work, just like the predecessors who used fireflies to catch light, diligently read at night, and read many books. After studying hard for several years, "three winters of literature and history are enough", and you have knowledge. Who will laugh at you at that time for your lack of knowledge and knowledge?
7. "Poem to Encourage Learning/Occasionally" Song Dynasty: Zhu Xi
It is easy for a young man to learn, but it is difficult for an old man to succeed, so an inch of time should not be taken lightly.
Before I realized the dream of spring grass in the pond, the phoenix leaves in front of the steps already sounded the sound of autumn.
Vernacular interpretation: The days of youth are very easy to pass away, but it is difficult to achieve success in learning, so every inch of time must be cherished and not easily let go. Before I could wake up from the sweet dream of spring grass growing in the pond, the leaves of the sycamore trees in front of the steps were already rustling in the autumn wind.
8. "Encouragement to Learning" Tang Dynasty: Meng Jiao
When a stone is struck, there is fire; if it is not struck, there is no smoke.
People only know when they learn, but it is unnatural if they do not learn.
Everything has its own destiny, and it is not me who is the best.
Youth must be born early, how can one grow into a young man?
Vernacular interpretation: Only when the stone is hit will there be sparks; if not hit, not even a little smoke will come out. The same is true for people. Only through learning can we master knowledge; if we don't learn, knowledge will not fall from the sky. Everything must be practiced by yourself. The knowledge obtained by others cannot replace your own talents. You should work hard as early as possible during your youth. Can a person remain a "youngster" forever?
9. "Studying" Tang Dynasty: Pi Rixiu
What are family assets?
Gao Zhaixiao opened the book and read only the words of the sage.
Although heroes and sages live in different worlds, they have been with each other since ancient times.
Seeing a silverfish on the desk is like an ordinary couple.
Vernacular interpretation: What is the property at home, which is the room full of books. Slowly open the book in the beautiful and quiet study, wander through the sea of ??books, and have a spiritual dialogue with the sages. Although people with both ability and political integrity are not in the same era, they have always admired and admired each other since ancient times. The joy of seeing a book on the desk is better than meeting a long-lost friend.
10. "Reading and Writing" Qing Dynasty: Xiao Luanshui
The human heart is like a good seedling, which will grow when nourished; the seedlings are irrigated with spring water, and the heart is nourished by reason and righteousness.
If you don’t study for a day, you will have no good ideas. If you don’t read for a month, your ears and eyes will lose their clarity.
Vernacular interpretation: The human heart is like a seedling, it needs nutrients to grow. The seedlings are irrigated with spring water, and the mind is cultivated with principles. If you don't study for a day, you will have no good ideas in your heart. If you don't study for a month, even your ears and eyes will lose their original freshness. 7. How did the ancients learn classical Chinese
Learning is nothing more than learning from a teacher or studying by yourself. Let’s talk about the reading situation of the ancients first. It was not easy for the ancients to study. Generally, only children from wealthy families were qualified. Those poor children who have money to enter private schools and are willing to endure hardship will go to apprenticeships, or work for officials, government or wealthy people, and then exchange books to read or borrow books to copy. If they follow the teacher, the contents taught by private school teachers are usually the Four Books and Five Classics. Then you will first start with recognizing single words and learning to read sentences. Sentence reading means breaking up sentences and punctuating the article. Then you will continue to read and then chant. When this accumulation reaches a certain stage, you will explain the meaning word by word and paragraph by paragraph, and explain the meaning of the words. Will rely on the explanations of predecessors, such as "Guan Guan Jiu Jiu, Ju Jiu Jiu is a bird, Guan Guan Guan Bird's Sound." Since the Four Books and Five Classics are related to political education, articles will usually talk about its subtle meaning. For example, Du Liniang's "Peony Pavilion" As soon as the teacher Chen Zuiliang picked up the "Book of Songs", he would talk about "The Virtue of the Empress" and "Innocent Thoughts". As for self-study, the first thing is to read and recite the words, sentences and recitations. Many people in ancient times memorized the famous poems by heart, so-called Quoting from scriptures? After that, you have to write poems in classical Chinese. Ancient poems, rhymes, odes, narratives, notes, etc. are all literary styles, and the classifications are also detailed, so it is not easy to master the writing methods of various issues. In addition, classical Chinese should be used in practical interactions and social life. For example, in the Spring and Autumn Period, when princes met, they would recite a section of the Book of Songs. When relatives and friends gathered together, they would compose impromptu poems. In addition, there would be couplets, birthday messages, etc. In short, when you are able to use them, At this stage, you can elaborate on your thoughts and opinions, express personal emotions, and write your own collection of essays, which can then be passed down to future generations, such as "Historical Records" and "Zuo Zhuan". Of course, some people do not write it themselves, but are disciples or Recorded by others, such as "The Analects of Confucius" etc.