In the pre-Qin period, men called themselves by their surnames instead of surnames, so the full name of Qin Shihuang was Zhao Zheng. Fei Zi, the first gentleman of Qin State, is the grandnephew of Zhao Fu, the ancestor of Zhao. However, because his family, E, was a slave of Ji Sheng-Zhao Fu, he could not stand on his own feet and needed to depend on Zhao Fu to survive, so he took Zhao Fu as his ancestor and Zhao as his surname. This is due to the patriarchal clan system in feudal society. Why did Qin Shihuang have to be surnamed Zhao? How to distinguish the surname from the surname Qin Shihuang can only be Zhao, not Qin. Because winning the surname Qin began with the demise of the Qin Dynasty, some survivors took the country as their surname to commemorate their ancestors' old country, which led to winning the surname Qin. Yuan's usurpation of power was also confirmed in this way. Therefore, when the Qin State and the Qin Dynasty existed, both the monarch and the royal family were Zhao, and the winning surname Qin had not yet appeared. Historical records of the Han Dynasty and many authoritative historical books also recorded that Qin Shihuang was Zhao.
In ancient times, there were surnames and surnames, which originated from the matriarchal society and were the signs of the same blood type. When the society developed into a patriarchal society, many male-centered families appeared in the original consanguineous families with the same surname. In order to distinguish his family from other families with the same surname, nobles used their fiefs or official names as family symbols cheaply, which is the appearance of surnames. Surnames can be regarded as a branch under surnames. As a nobleman, he inherited the surname and also had the surname, only taking the surname before the name. Surnames are only used as a symbol of family blood relationship to prevent inbreeding and do not appear in names. Therefore, Qin Shihuang's real name is Zhao Zheng, not Ying Zheng, not Qin Zheng. Some history books like to refer to a famous person by adding a country name, such as Qin's son, who is Qin's son. Xiao Bai of Qi, that is, Xiao Bai of Qi (Xiao Bai had not become a monarch at that time). Therefore, the politics of Qin in some history books refers to the politics of Qin or the politics of Qin. What does it mean that Qin Shihuang won the surname Zhao? Winning the surname Zhao means: the surnames are one.
In ancient times, there were surnames, and surnames were divided into two. The surname is the emblem of the big clan tribal group, and the surname is the symbol of the small clan branch divided by the surname. The combination of surnames began in Qin and Han Dynasties. Tracing back to the origin of the won surname, Hao Tao, the grandson of Zhuan Xu Levin, was born in Hongtong, Shanxi, and Hao Tao was the won surname.
The surname Zhao was acquired in the Zhao family in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the Zhao family was the tenth grandson. According to "Historical Records", "Mu Wangli and Zhao Fu, as an imperial adviser, went hunting in the west, and when they met the Queen Mother of the West, they forgot to return with joy. And, Mu Wang Richi Maxima, Xu Yanwang, big break. It is for Zhao Fu and Zhao Cheng, that is, Zhao.
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Qin Shihuang was born in the first month of the 48th year of King Zhao of Qin (65438+259 BC1October 27th). His birthplace was in the area of Zhu Jiaxiang, east of the city middle street and southwest of Congtai.
He was a neutron of the King of Qin Zhuang, the 35th grandson of Hubei, an important minister in Shang Dynasty, and was named Zhao. In 247 BC, King Xiang of Qin Zhuang died, and Ying Zheng, who was 13 years old, was made King of Qin.
In the thirty-seventh year of Qin Shihuang (2 10 BC), Qin Shihuang traveled eastward for the fifth time and died in Dune Palace (now Guangzong, Xingtai). After the death of Qin Shihuang, Zhao Gao persuaded Hu Hai to threaten Reese, and they conspired in Dune Palace.
False Qin Shihuang issued an imperial edict, and Hu Hai succeeded to the throne. In the name of Qin Shihuang, he accused Fu Su of being unfilial to his son, and Meng Tian of being unfaithful to the minister, which made him commit suicide and could not be disobeyed.
After getting the exact news of Fu Su's suicide, Hu Hai, Zhao Gao and Reese ordered the motorcade to travel day and night and quickly return to Xianyang. In order to continue to deceive the subjects, the team did not dare to take shortcuts back to Xianyang, but assumed the posture of continuing to patrol and detoured back to Xianyang.
Due to the high temperature in summer, Qin Shihuang's body has rotted and stinked. In order to hide their eyes and ears, Hu Hai and his party ordered people to buy many abalones and put them in the car. The smell of abalone masked the rancidity of the corpse and puzzled everyone.
After returning to Xianyang, Hu Hai succeeded Qin Ershi and Zhao Gao, and Reese was still the prime minister, but the power of the imperial court actually fell to Zhao Gao.
After Zhao Gao succeeded in his plot, he began to kill people around him. He set a trap and cornered Reese. When Reese discovered Zhao Gao's plot, he wrote to report Zhao Gao.
Qin Ershi and Hu Hai not only sided with Zhao Gao, but also convicted Lisi, and finally beheaded Lisi in Xianyang. Zhao Gao was promoted to prime minister. Because he can go in and out of the palace, he is called "Prime Minister".
Baidu Encyclopedia-Won the surname Zhao
Why did Zhao win the same surname, Qin Shihuang was Ying Zheng, and Chair Zhao Zhao Weishi? Qin and Zhao both got the surname Zhao, and the two countries belong to the same family. So why do some people call the monarch of the State of Qin the surname, such as Ying Zheng, the first emperor of Qin, and the T-shirts of Zhao, Zhao Yang, Zhao Jianzi and Zhao Xiangzi? Why is this happening? There is a simple reason. Ying Zheng's name itself is wrong, so naturally there will be two names.
Men in the pre-Qin dynasty called their surnames, not their surnames. For example, when Qu Yuan cried foul, Qin Shihuang should be called Zhao Zheng instead of Ying Zheng. In addition, Ying Zheng's two sons, Hu Hai and Fu Su, should be called Hai and Zhao, but we seldom call them that. This may also be a matter of habit.
Why are there such names as Zhou Wenwang Ji Chang, Zhou Wuwang Ji Fa, Qi Taigong Jiang Ziya and Qin Shihuang Ying Zheng? The reason is also very simple. This is the title of modern people, so in some books, in order to take care of modern people's reading habits, it is also called this, which is not the correct title.
Let's look at the eight ancient surnames. One is Ji, Jiang, Yi, Yi, Yi and Yao, and the other is Ji, Jiang, Yi, Yao, Yi and Yao. A large number of vassal States in the Zhou Dynasty came from the surname Ji. After all, they are all descendants of Zhou Wenwang, so naturally there are many fiefs. Nowadays, a large number of surnames also come from Ji's surname.
In fact, it can be seen from these surnames that ancient times was a matriarchal society, so there is a word "female" in these surnames. And why did men in the pre-Qin period use surnames instead of surnames? I think one reason is that the names they took at that time were relatively simple, and they often used only one word. If they all have surnames, then everyone's surnames will be the same, so is it particularly difficult to distinguish them?
But one thing we can be sure of is that there is no Qin Shihuang Ying Zheng in historical records or other historical books, only Zhao Zheng.
Let's talk about why Qin and Zhao belong to the same clan. What is the origin of this? Boyi, the ancestor of Qin and Zhao Dynasties, was also named after Shun for helping Shun tame birds and animals.
Boyi had a descendant named Fei Lian, and Fei Lian had two sons, one named E Lai and the other named Ji Sheng. Ji Sheng has a descendant named Zao Fu. Zhou Miao and Wang Ping made Zhao a mansion because they were good at driving and helping, and Wang Ping put down the rebellion. After the Zao Fu clan, he was called Scott. Zhao Fu has a descendant named Dai Shu who left Zhou State for Jin State. This is the later Scott family.
And Hubei series, because of the light of Zhao Fu, they are also surnamed Zhao, which is why they all have to be surnamed Zhao. That is to say, the recent ancestor of Qin Zhao is Fei Lian, the son of Fei Lian is the ancestor of Qin, and the son of Fei Lian, Ji Sheng, is the ancestor of Zhao.
Qin Shihuang's name is Ying Zheng, also known as Zhao Zheng. What does it mean to win the surname Zhao? Qin and Zhao actually belong to the same ancestor. The ancestors of their two countries were first sealed to the State of Zhao to form a branch of the State of Zhao, and later some people from the State of Zhao came out and were sealed to the State of Qin. Strictly speaking, Qin is a branch of Zhao, so the monarch of Qin generally says that Zhao wins the surname.
In the pre-Qin period, surnames were not unified. At that time, men called their surnames and women called their surnames. Therefore, if Qin Shihuang follows his father Wang Xiang, he will be called Ying Zheng, and if he follows his mother Evonne, he will be called Zhao Zheng.
In Qin Shihuang's time, surnames were separated, and surnames represented consanguinity and marriage, so women called surnames, and surnames represented power status, so men called surnames in the pre-Qin period, and surnames could not exceed 30.
According to this statement, Qin Wang should be called, and Fu Su should be called Zhao. For example, Zhao Gao got Zhao, Jiang Lu (Yan Di's surname), and Yan Taizi Dan got Ji Yan (Huang Di's surname).
So Qin Shihuang was right to call Ying Zheng, and so was Zhao Zheng.
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Anecdotal allusions
Sean Bolangsha assassinated Qin Shihuang.
Sean was a Korean in the Warring States Period, and his grandfather and father were both prime ministers of Korea. In 230 BC, Chi army attacked Xinzheng, the capital of South Korea, Ann was captured, and the Korean aristocrats were ruthlessly killed by Qin Jun. At this time, the young people had not been an official in South Korea. He fired more than 300 slaves in his family. When his younger brother died, he forgot to bury him, sold his possessions, left his hometown, made friends everywhere, and wanted to avenge South Korea.
Later, when Sean was studying etiquette in Huaiyang, he met Cang Haijun in the East and found a strongman. Sean made a sledgehammer for it, weighing 120 Jin. The two men agreed to assassinate Qin Shihuang during his parade.
In the spring of 2 18 BC, Qin Shihuang led a huge team to patrol all parts of the country. One day, they arrived at Bolangsha in the east of Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City. Sean got the news in advance and took Hercules to ambush in the hidden Woods on both sides of Bolangsha Road. When Qin Shihuang's motorcade passed by, Sean and Hercules found several magnificent carts in Qin Shihuang's motorcade.
Originally, in order to prevent assassination, Qin Shihuang adopted the advice of Liao Wei, a military strategist, and prepared several identical cars for every trip. Even the minister doesn't know which car he is in. Seeing that the motorcade was about to pass by, Sean had to give Hercules a wink. Hercules aimed at the middle one and threw the hammer out. There was a loud bang and a sledgehammer smashed a cart to pieces.
Unfortunately, Qin Shihuang was not sitting in this car. The motorcade stopped, and the soldiers searched everywhere. With a genial smile, Sean ran away. Qin Shihuang was furious and immediately ordered a nationwide search for assassins, but he searched for ten days and found nothing.