What periods do the ancient times refer to?
It is not so complicated. Ancient times include the legendary era of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, as well as the Spring and Autumn and Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties. Modern times include the Three Kingdoms, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. The second ancient period includes: Sui, Tang and Song. Modern times include: Yuan and Ming Dynasties, until the first Opium War of the Qing Dynasty. Modern is until now.
Which time does China refer to in ancient times?
The Qing Emperor - Taihao Fuxi (Secret History of Ancient China and the Inheritance of Chinese Culture)
The sky and earth are black and yellow, the universe Prehistoric refers to the eight earliest ancient periods of the earth, namely: Tiangu, Digu, Xuangu, Huanggu, Yugu, Eternal Ancient, Honggu, and Huanggu. Then the legend has ended, and history has just begun. Following the eight ancient periods is the ancient period of our human ancestors. After ancient times comes modern times. The last dynasty in ancient times is the Chaos Dynasty. After the ancient Chaos Dynasty there are twenty-eight modern dynasties. Modern times are divided into six ancient dynasties, nine middle ancient dynasties and thirteen ancient dynasties! The Six Ancient Dynasties: Pangu Dynasty, Tian Dynasty, Di Dynasty, Ren Dynasty, Dachao Dynasty, Suiming Dynasty, and the Nine Medieval Dynasties: Yanzi Dynasty, Fuxi and Nuwa Dynasty, Shennong Dynasty, Xuanyuan Dynasty, Shaohao Dynasty, Zhuanxu Dynasty, Gao Dynasty Xin Dynasty, Qingyang Dynasty, Tao Tang Dynasty, thirteen dynasties in ancient times: Xia Dynasty, Shang Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty, Qin Dynasty, Han Dynasty, Jin Dynasty, Northern and Southern Dynasties, Sui Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty.
After the last period of ancient human development, that is, after the demise of the Chaos Dynasty, the earth has transformed into a new unified continent called Pangea. Pangea was centered on the newly formed Kunlun Mountains and surrounded by Kunlun Mountains. It is - Kunlun Continent (Chixian Shenzhou): East Central Asia and South Asia; to the east of Kunlun Mountain is - Dayingzhou (Dongsheng Shenzhou): South America and Mu Continent; to the south of Kunlun Mountain is - Penglai Continent (looking to the south): Oceania and Antarctica; to the west of Kunlun Mountain is Daxizhou (Xiniuhezhou): Europe, Africa and Orchid Continent; to the north of Kunlun Mountain is - Taipingzhou (Beijuluzhou): North Asia and North America.
About 326.7 million years ago, the earth's civilization suffered a catastrophe that destroyed the Chaos Dynasty in the last period of ancient times. The earth was shrouded in a miasma and poisonous fog, making it impossible to see anything day and night. This process continued Two and a half million years. One day about 326.7 million years ago, the heavy fog that enveloped the earth finally dissipated due to the intervention of foreign civilizations, and the world saw Qingming again. This day is called the first year of the founding of the world, and it was also the time when Pangu established the ancient civilization in Kunlun Mountains. During the Pangu Dynasty, earth civilization entered the ancient period of humankind's modern era. After the Pangu Dynasty, the first dynasty in ancient times, the Emperor Wanghuo established the Tian Dynasty. The era was the first year of Tianling. He invented numbers, heavenly stems, earthly branches and tools, created the Five Elements culture, and started to use natural fire for marriages. After that, Yue Jian, the emperor of Di, established the Di Dynasty. The era was the first year of Di Huang. Ancient history records that the Di Dynasty contributed three things. There must be three Chen, two parts day and night, and three parts years, which gave people a concept of time and a mature language. The Earth Dynasty gave birth to the calendar and martial arts. After the Earth Dynasty, the Emperor Kaihu Tao established the Ren Dynasty. The era was the first year of the Nine Emperors, and nine administrative regions were divided by nine rivers. This was the earliest origin of Kyushu, and the original Huazhou made of tree bark was born. Clothes. The Human Dynasty gave birth to the earliest non-written history books headed by "Nine Heads" and a large number of primitive towns.
After the Pangu and Three Emperors periods, there was the Dachao Dynasty. The monarch named himself Fuxi with the Chao clan. Mainly, women mainly collect wild vegetables and dig roots. Intermarriage between men and women of the same race and group marriage is prohibited. At the same time, primitive costumes made of animal skins were born. After human beings experienced the catastrophe of the destruction of the Dachao Dynasty civilization about 66.5 million years ago, Sui Yunnuo, a Central Plains man at that time, invented flint to make fire and established the Sui Ming Dynasty about 60 million years ago. In the first year of the Emperor's reign, mankind entered the Sui Ming Dynasty, and Sui Emperor was still called Fuxi. Among them, Fuxi is the exclusive title of the tribal leader, while Nuwa and Yanzi are the exclusive titles of the deputy leaders of the tribe. Ancient history says that the people of the Sui Ming Dynasty knew astronomy and geography, named birds, established missionary platforms, and developed trade methods. The clothing of the Sui Ming Dynasty was primitive Chinese clothing with animal skins as the main component and tree bark as the supplement. The marriage system of the Sui Ming Dynasty was based on the out-group marriage system of the mother's clan. Tutai was established to teach knowledge. The rise of the teacher's way began in the Sui Ming Dynasty, Sui Ren clan's Sui Emperor. The Suiming Dynasty still existed after it split from the Yanzi Dynasty!
About 55 million to 50 million years ago, Fuxi, the leader of the Sui Emperor in the Kunlun Mountains, invented the binary system and performed the Eight Diagrams. The knot writing of Nuwa and Yanzi was also perfected and developed, and human beings entered the primitive stage. Civilization period. At this time, Fuxi's status was getting higher and higher, and the Kunlun people called Fuxi Taihao Fuxi, which means Sun God. At the same time, Nuwa and Yanzi were given the meaning of the full moon god and the new moon god respectively. Taihao Fuxi had five children, who were named Five Emperors: Qing Emperor, Red Emperor, White Emperor, Black Emperor and Yellow Emperor. Taihao Fuxi and Nuwa had four children in their early years. Changsha Chu silk book says: "The first one is Qinggan, the second one is Zhu Sidan, the third one is Bai Dalu, and the fourth one is □Mogan (□...
When was the ancient times
p>Ancient Era: Five Emperors
Ancient Era: Xia and Shang, Western Zhou, Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States
Medieval Era: Qin and Han to Qing Dynasty
Current Historiography There is no concept of "down to ancient times".
As for the dividing line between ancient times and medieval times, there are two opinions: one is based on the current highest historical authority, "General History of China" (chief editor Bai Shouyi, 22 volumes), the division of ancient and medieval history is based on the Qin Dynasty. That is to say, pre-Qin history is ancient history. The Middle Ages refers to the period before 1840 from the Manchu and Qing dynasties to the Qin dynasty. The second argument is to adopt the theory of European history. The ancient history of the world is the history of the occurrence, development and decline of primitive societies and slave societies around the world. The decline of slavery in Europe was marked by AD 476. Therefore, the second theory is that before 476 AD, there was ancient history, and after that, there was medieval history. Because there are still great differences in the division of ancient and medieval times in our country, the main issue is the division of slavery and feudalism, that is, the issue of periodization of ancient Chinese history, which has not yet been finalized. Therefore, for the time being, we will take the "General History of China" as the standard.
The exact age of antiquity recorded in ancient Chinese books can only be pushed back to the beginning of Sima Qian's "Chronology of the Twelve Princes in Historical Records" - the first year of *** and the late Western Zhou Dynasty (841 BC). In 1989, the "General History of China" edited by Bai Shouyi was published, which avoided the issue of periodization of ancient history and replaced it with "ancient times" and "medieval times" in the sense of time. Bai Shouyi said in the inscription: "From the perspective of historical development sequence, this is roughly equivalent to the era of slavery mentioned in general historical writings. But in this era, slavery is not the only social form. We use the term 'ancient era' The formulation may be more appropriate. In other words, it can be simply summarized as: ancient times: the ancient times of the Five Emperors, Changxia, Shang, Western Zhou, Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States, the middle ages: Qin and Han to the Qing Dynasty
Which one is earlier between the ancient times and the ancient times? ?
The ancient era refers to the long historical period from the emergence of human beings to the formation of the country (the period from about 1.7 million years ago to 2070 BC), that is, this era of primitive society. It took about two to three million years.
When the ancient apes walked from the trees to live on the ground and used stones and sticks as working tools, human society first came into being. A small group of ten people has lived a life of feeding on hair and blood. This kind of group life has a long history, accounting for at least 99.7% of the history of mankind. About 10,000 years ago, human society developed into a blood relationship. A collective composed of relationships - a clan commune. In the early days, clan members determined their kinship relationships based on their mother's blood, which was called a matrilineal clan. The most prestigious person in the clan was democratically elected as the leader. During the matrilineal clan period, humans existed on all five continents of the world. Residence. With the development of production, men's labor status became more and more important, and kinship relationships were determined by father's blood. Later, patrilineal clans came into being, which were composed of a group of families who lived in a certain area and did not necessarily have kinship relationships. Rural communes replaced clans.
The primitive society was a society without private property and exploitation. It was also a society with extremely low production levels. The earliest humans used simple stone tools and wooden sticks to collect plant roots and stems. , seeds, fruits, and hunting animals for food. During the clan commune period, people were able to drill holes in ground stone tools and install wooden handles to make stone axes, stone hoes, and spears with pointed stones. They also invented fish. The advancement of hooks, fishing nets, artificial fire making and making pottery greatly improved living conditions. During the matrilineal clan period, people were able to build wooden houses and live a settled life. Later, they cultivated wheat, barley and rice. , corn and other crops, domesticated and raised dogs, sheep, pigs, cattle, donkeys, horses, etc., primitive agriculture and animal husbandry emerged. During the patrilineal clan period, handicrafts also developed, and textiles, pottery manufacturing, oil pressing, and wine making have become. Specialized industries. Residents in some areas began to master metal smelting technology. The development of production also brought about surplus products, resulting in the differentiation of rich and poor, and then the emergence of private ownership and class, and the intensification of conflicts between various social groups. This led to the emergence of the country and the end of primitive society.
Primitive humans created language and hieroglyphics in their productive labor. Language and writing promoted the accumulation and expansion of human knowledge. With the development, primitive humans have created the earliest paintings, music and dance. Due to the limitations of their own abilities and knowledge, totem worship, nature worship and ancestor worship were intertwined to form primitive religion. Monks who controlled theocracy also appeared in the upper echelons of the clan. They maintained the existing polarization between rich and poor and accelerated the disintegration of primitive society.
China’s ancient history
People in many countries around the world have different opinions on the emergence of heaven and earth and the emergence of human beings. In China, legends about Pangu creating the world and Nuwa creating humans have been circulating for a long time. However, with the development of science, especially the development of modern archeology, ancient anthropology and geology, the mystery of the formation of the earth has been revealed, and it has also been revealed that humans are the product of biological evolution. At present, archaeologists and paleoanthropologists have discovered human fossils in Africa that are more than 3 million years old, so Africa is considered the origin of mankind. In China, the "Wushan Man" fossil discovered in Wushan County, Chongqing City is also 2 million years old. In addition, many ancient human fossils have been discovered, such as the later "Yuanmou Man", "Lantian Man", "Peking Man" and "Stop Cave Man", etc., which are large in number and distributed over a wide area. Therefore, Chinese archaeologists propose that East Asia is also the origin of human beings.
The emergence of human beings is the result of biological evolution, which evolved from ancient apes.
Archaeological discoveries and paleoanthropological research results in recent decades have proven that the relationship between ancient apes and early humans is very close, adding more and more evidence to the theory of "from apes to humans".
The emergence of human beings is related to labor. The first tools humans made and used were stone tools. In order to distinguish them from the later emergence of ground stone tools, archaeologists call the era of making and using ground stone tools the Paleolithic Age, and the latter (that is, the era of making and using ground stone tools) is called the Neolithic Age. In order to study their development and progress in the course of history, archaeologists also divide them into three phases: early, middle and late. The three phases divided into the early, middle and late Paleolithic Age are roughly the same as the three phases divided by paleoanthropologists based on the physical characteristics of ancient humans: Homo erectus (ape man), early Homo sapiens (ancient man), and late Homo sapiens (new man). are consistent. In the early Paleolithic Age, stone tools were thick, heavy, simple,...
Ancient Chinese history, the Three Yellows and Five Emperors period?
The Chinese nation has "a national root system of 300,000 years, a civilization history of 10,000 years, and a national history of 5,000 years." It is universally recognized that China is the ancient civilization with the longest history! China's written records began in the late Yanzi Dynasty, the first dynasty of the Nine Dynasties in the Middle Ages, and the written civilization records dating back about 10,000 years began from this time. Objectively speaking: Chinese writing has a history of more than 10,000 years. Writing is a symbol of the birth of civilization!
The history of dynasties in China is divided into six dynasties in ancient China: Pangu Dynasty, Tianhuang Dynasty, Dihuang Dynasty, Ren Dynasty, Dachao Dynasty and Suiming Dynasty, and nine dynasties in medieval China: Yanzi Dynasty , Fuxi and Nuwa Dynasty, Shennong Dynasty, Xuanyuan Dynasty, Shaohao Dynasty, Zhuanxu Dynasty, Gaoxin Dynasty, Qingyang Dynasty, Tao Tang Dynasty, the thirteen dynasties of ancient China: Xia Dynasty, Shang Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty, Qin Dynasty, Han Dynasty, Jin Dynasty, Northern and Southern Dynasties, Sui Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty.
1. Six dynasties in ancient China (about 4 million years ago - about 15,000 years ago): Pangu Dynasty, Tian Dynasty, Earth Dynasty, Human Dynasty, Dachao Dynasty and Suiming Dynasty.
Pangu Dynasty: The monarch Pangu clan lived in ancient times from about 4 million years ago to about 3 million years ago, in the first year of the founding of the world. People have the ability to distinguish between heaven and earth, and created the yin and yang culture of heaven and earth. In this dynasty, human beings are different from beasts, have the ability to distinguish three-dimensionally, rely on group labor as a condition of survival, and faith is born.
It gave people the earliest almanac and invented numbers and tools. The Tian Dynasty was in the early Paleolithic Age, and marriages were blood group marriages, using natural fire. Humans in this dynasty were capable people who were skilled in using tools for work.
The Earth Dynasty: Yue Jian, the emperor of the Earth, lived in ancient times from about 1.7 million years ago to about 700,000 years ago. The era was the first year of the Earth Emperor. Ancient history records that the Earth Dynasty contributed three things, which must be three times. Day and night are divided into two parts, and years are divided into three parts, which gave people a concept of time and a mature language. The Earth Dynasty gave birth to the calendar and martial arts.
Renhuang Dynasty: The monarch Renhuang clan Kaihu Tao, in ancient times about 700,000 years ago to about 200,000 years ago, in the first year of the Nine Emperors, nine major administrative regions were divided by nine rivers. It is the earliest origin of Kyushu, and the original Chinese clothing made of tree bark was born. The Human Dynasty gave birth to the earliest non-written history books headed by "Nine Heads" and a large number of primitive towns and bark clothes.
Dachao Dynasty: The monarch had a nest of Chao family. In ancient times, it was about 200,000 years ago to about 50,000 years ago. The era was the first year of Emperor Chao. The Dachao Dynasty was in the middle of the Paleolithic period and was matrilineal. During the social period, men mainly engaged in hunting and fishing, while women mainly engaged in gathering wild vegetables and digging roots. Intermarriage between men and women of the same race and group marriage was prohibited. The original costumes made of animal skins were born.
Sui Ming Dynasty: Sui Yunnu, the surname of Sui Ren, the ancient period was about 50,000 years ago to about 15,000 years ago. This dynasty): the first is wood and stone for making fire, the second is the calendar of supporting trees, the third is the knotting of ropes to record events, the fourth is the totem emblem, the fifth is the Gregorian calendar of the wood, the sixth is the river map and the Luoshu, the seventh is the pottery characters, and the eighth is Eight ropes are in the table, nine is the Tai Chi vortex, and ten is the civilization of heaven.
2. Nine dynasties in medieval China (about 15,000 years ago - about 2071 BC): Yanzi Dynasty, Fuxi and Nuwa Dynasty, Shennong Dynasty, Xuanyuan Dynasty, Shaohao Dynasty, Zhuanxu Dynasty, Gaoxin Dynasty, Qingyang Dynasty, Tao Tang Dynasty.
Yizi Dynasty: The Feng Zhinv of the Monarch Weaver Clan, about 15,000 years ago - 7724 BC, in the first year of the Empress, with the phoenix as a totem, the Yizi Dynasty was developed together with the Suiming Dynasty Ten major inventions were made, and the original Chinese clothing made of ramie was born. The marriage system prohibits intermarriage between humans and animals, and a "humane" blood marriage system is established. Records of written symbols began at the end of the Yanzi Dynasty, and records of written civilization dating back about tens of thousands of years began.
Fuxi and Nuwa Dynasty: The first monarch, Qingdi Feng Fuxi, established the capital in Chencang City from 7724 BC to 5008 BC, in the first year of Luofeng. The second monarch, Feng Nuwa, was born in the first year of the queen's reign. She used the green dragon and the white snake as her totems and established a dynasty of 78 emperors. The implementation of dual marriage with women as the main body, the first monogamous marriage, the first marriage law. The creation of Bagua and the "dragon" totem gave birth to silk costumes.
Shennong Dynasty: The monarch Yandi Jiang Kuei, from 5008 BC to 4405 BC, the first year of Kuei Wei, used sheep as his totem (Qilin). Classes appeared in this dynasty, and the palace guards and tribal self-defense forces responsible for security appeared for the first time, and cotton and woolen costumes were born. Human political civilization has clearly matured in this dynasty.
Xuanyuan Dynasty: The monarch Huangdi Ji Banghui, from 4513 BC to 4053 BC, the first year of Emperor Mang, used the bear as a totem before establishing the dynasty...
What dynasty was Shun in and what year BC?
Big brother or sister, our country’s first dynasty, Xia, was founded by Yu’s son Qi
It was still the time of the abdication system. He was the leader of the ancient tribal alliance
Born 2390 years ago
Died 2071 years ago
The time was found on Baidu Encyclopedia
When was the ancient times specifically?
The ancient times were based on a matrilineal society. First, in the matriarchal society, the Yizi family created things and educated people. According to myths and legends, the Yizi people built all things and educated humans!
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Then Fuxi opened the sky with a single painting. According to myths and legends, Fuxi evolved the world and created civilization!
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Finally, it is Nuwa who controls the water and mends the sky. According to myths and legends, the Nuwa family burns earth to control the water and refines stones to mend the sky.
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The Yanzi family established the Yanzi Dynasty, China's first matrilineal society, before 15,000 BC, and created the written pottery script!
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The Taihao Fuxi clan established the Taihao Fuxi Dynasty, China’s first patriarchal society more than 7,000 BC, and created the dragon totem!
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The Nuwa clan was a local tribe conquered by Taihao Fuxi Dynasty. Later, the Nuwa clan was annexed by Taihao Fuxi clan. The Nuwa clan was subordinate to Taihao Fuxi clan. Build any country!
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Also, Fuxi does not belong to Taoism, because Fuxi founded the Yijiao and is the ancestor of the Yijiao! Yi Jiao is not a branch of Buddhism, Taoism or Confucianism. Fuxi’s Yi Jiao is the earliest religion in China and even mankind. Therefore, Fuxi is not Taoist, but Taoism borrows from Yi Jiao!
What dynasties were before the Han Dynasty
Ancient times
Yandi Shennong's clan
Huangdi Xuanyuan's clan
Shao Haojintian clan
Zhuanxu Gaoyang clan
Emperor Ku Gaoxin clan
Emperor Zhi Gaoxin clan
Tang Yao Fangxun
Yu and Shun Chonghua
Xia: (after Qi) 2197--1766 BC ***432 years * surname, *** passed down fourteen generations,
Seventeenth King, established the capital: An (now Wen County, Shanxi).
1. Zong Shen Xia Yu Year 2, Emperor Qi 9th Year 3, Taikang 29th Year 4, Zhongkang 13th Year
5. Emperor Xiang 28th Year - (Yi- Hanzhuo) 40 years 6, Shaokang 22 years 7, Emperor Shu 17 years
8. Emperor Huai 26 years 9, Emperor Mang 18 years 10, Emperor Xie 16 years 11, Bujiang 59 years
l2, Emperor 2l year l3, Yinjia year 2l l4, Emperor Kongjia 3l year l5, Emperor Gao l1 year
l6, Emperor Fa l9th year 17th year, Lugui 53rd year.
Zhou; divided into Western Zhou and Eastern Zhou, surnamed Ji, capitals: Haojing (Xi'an) and Luoyang.
Western Zhou Dynasty: 1122--770-353 BC. Twelve emperors. Capital: Haojing.
l. The 7th year of King Wufa2, the 37th year of King Chengsong3, the 26th year of King Kangzhao4, the 51st year of King Zhao51, and the 55th year of King Mu
6. *** In the 12th year of King Jinhu 7, in the 25th year of King Yi 8, in the 15th year of King Xiao's rule 9, in the 16th year of King Yi's transformation
10, in the 37th year of King Li Hu - *** in the 14th year of He era - ll, King Xuan In the 12th year of the 46th year of Jing Dynasty, in the 11th year of the Nirvana of You Wanggong.
Before King Wu, there were: Gu Gong Dan Fu (Tai Wang), Ji Li, and King Wen. Although they had powerful forces, they were still subordinate to the Shang Dynasty in name.
A vassal state.
Eastern Zhou Dynasty: 77O--225-545 BC, with twenty-six emperors. Capital: Luoyang.
l. This king was in the 5th year of Yijiu 2, the 23rd year of Huan Wang Lin was 3, the 15th year of Zhuang Wang was 4, the 5th year of Li Wang was Hu Qi 5, and the 25th year of Hui Wang was 6 , King Xiang Zheng 33rd year 7, Qing Wang Renchen 6th year 8, Kuang Wangban 6th year 9, Ding Wangyu 2l year
1O, Jian Wangyi 14th year 11, Ling Wang Xiexin 27th year l2, The 25th year of King Jinggui 13, the 1st year of mourning for King Meng
l4, the 44th year of Jingwangxiong15, the 7th year of King Ren of Yuan Dynasty 16, the 28th year of Wangjie of Zhending17, and the 1st year of mourning for King Quji
18. Si Wangshu 1st year 19th, Kao Wangwei 15th year 20th, Weilie Wangwu 44th year 2l, An Wangjiao 26th year
22. Lie Wangxi 7th year 23, Xianwang Bian 48 years 24, Shen Liang Wang Ding 6 years 25, Nan Wang Yan 59 years
26, Eastern Zhou Junjie 7 years.
Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period:
Spring Rank, 77O--475 BC, Warring States Period, 475--22l BC. After Zhou Dongqian, his strength was greatly weakened, and the country was in a state of fragmentation and separatism. There were about 120 large and small countries. After continuous mergers, by the early years of the Warring States Period, there were more than a dozen countries. The major countries included Qin, Chu, Han, Zhao, Wei, Qi and Yan, which were the famous "Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period".
Because there are too many, it is difficult to find the surnames of each royal family at once, so please forgive me.
Qin: (after unification) 22l--2Ol ***15 BC, there were three emperors, surnamed Ying, and the capital was Xianyang.
1. The 12th year of the First Emperor's reign 2. The 3rd year of the Second Emperor Hu Hai 3. The 1st year of Ziying.
Han Dynasty: 206 BC - 220 AD, including the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty (also the Former Han Dynasty and the Later Han Dynasty). During the Han Dynasty, there were two short reign periods of Wang Mang and Liu Xuan.
Western Han Dynasty: 206 BC - 8 AD, 214 AD, surnamed Liu, thirteen emperors, capital: Chang'an.
l. Gaozu Gang for 12 years.
2. Hui Diying was 7 years old.
3. Young Emperor (dictatorship of Empress Lu) for 8 years.
4. Emperor Wen Huan was in his 23rd year.
5. In the 16th year of Emperor Jing’s reign.
6. Emperor Wu Che Year name: Jianyuan, 54 years.
7. Fuling, Emperor Zhao of the First Yuan Dynasty, 13 years.
8. Emperor Xuan asked at the beginning of the 25th year.
9. Emperor Shuang of the Yuan Dynasty, the 16th year of the Yuan Dynasty.
lO, Emperor Cheng Ao was founded in the 26th year of his reign.
ll, Ai Dixin, Jianping, 6 years.
12. Emperor Pingheng, Yuanshi, 5th year.
l3. Ruziying lived and photographed for 3 years.
New Dynasty: AD 9--25 ***17 years, the capital was established: Chang'an.
l. Wang Mang, founded the country in 15th year.
2. Liu Xuan, King of Huaiyang, Gengshi, 3rd year.
Eastern Han Dynasty: AD 25--220, AD 195, surnamed Liu, thirteen emperors, capital: Luoyang.
1. Emperor Guangwu showed his age in the 33rd year of Jianwu.
2. Emperor Mingzhuang Yongping 18th year.
3. Zhang Diji was founded in the 13th year of his reign.
4. He Di Zhao Yongyuan 17 years.
5. Emperor Shang Yan...
1. Do the ancient times and the ancient times mean the same thing? (If not, which one is earlier?) 2. Hongmeng period, prehistoric period, chaotic period, ancient times
It doesn’t mean the same thing, ancient times are further back, in chronological order they are ancient times - ancient times - ancient times - medieval times - modern times
p>The ancient period refers to the world about 3 million years ago - the 21st century BC
The ancient period refers to the historical era before written records appeared. In China, the ancient period generally refers to the period before Xia era.
2. Hongmeng Period: Legend has it that before Pangu created the world, the world was a mass of chaotic vitality. This natural vitality was called Hongmeng
Chaos Period: Chaos Hongmeng Purple was produced after the Hongmeng was broken. The Qi has been transformed into the Qi of Chaos, and this is where Pangu was born.
The prehistoric period: Chaos became the prehistoric world after Pangu created the world, and it became the most mythical world. In the end, after the battle between the saints who conferred the gods, the prehistoric world was shattered and no longer existed. It became the earthly immortal world.
What is the approximate period of ancient times
The concept of time in ancient times
Generally speaking, ancient times refers to the historical era before written records appeared. The definition of antiquity varies around the world. In ancient China, it generally refers to the era before Xia. In Mesopotamia and Egypt, it generally refers to the historical era before 5000 BC. Because there are no direct written records of the ancient times, events or characters that happened at that time generally cannot be directly verified. These events and characters also tend to have mythical overtones.
The legendary emperors in ancient China include: Emperor Yan, Emperor Huang, Shaohao, Zhuanxu, Emperor Ku, Emperor Zhi, Yao and Shun.
At present, there is no concept of "lower antiquity" in the field of history. As for the dividing line between ancient times and medieval times, there are two opinions: one is based on the current highest historical authority, "General History of China" (chief editor Bai Shouyi, 22 volumes), the division of ancient and medieval history is based on the Qin Dynasty. That is to say, pre-Qin history is ancient history. The Middle Ages refers to the period before 1840 from the Manchu and Qing dynasties to the Qin dynasty. The second argument is to adopt the theory of European history. The ancient history of the world is the history of the occurrence, development and decline of primitive societies and slave societies around the world. The decline of slavery in Europe was marked by AD 476. Therefore, the second theory is that before 476 AD, there was ancient history, and after that, there was medieval history. Because there are still great differences in the division of ancient and medieval times in our country, the main issue is the division of slavery and feudalism, that is, the issue of periodization of ancient Chinese history, which has not yet been finalized. Therefore, for the time being, we will take the "General History of China" as the standard.
The exact age of antiquity recorded in ancient Chinese books can only be pushed back to the beginning of Sima Qian's "Chronology of the Twelve Princes in Historical Records" - the first year of *** and the late Western Zhou Dynasty (841 BC). In 1989, the "General History of China" edited by Bai Shouyi was published, which avoided the issue of periodization of ancient history and replaced it with "ancient times" and "medieval times" in the sense of time. Bai Shouyi said in the inscription: "From the perspective of historical development sequence, this is roughly equivalent to the era of slavery mentioned in general historical writings. But in this era, slavery is not the only social form. We use the term 'ancient era' The formulation may be more appropriate. In other words, it can be simply summarized as: Ancient times: Five Emperors. Ancient times: Xia, Shang, Western Zhou, Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States. Medieval times: Qin and Han to Qing Dynasty
Ancient times
< p> shànɡ ɡǔIn the historical period of our country, it mostly refers to the period of Xia, Shang, Zhou, Qin and Han.
In European history books, it generally refers to the prehistoric era. The history from the emergence of the earliest countries to the demise of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD is called ancient history. Europe was in a slave society during this period, so it is not appropriate to call ancient society a slave society if we talk about it on a global scale. Exactly the same, China, for example, entered feudal society much earlier than Europe.
In a slave society, prisoners of war were no longer killed but became slaves. This social relationship is conducive to preserving social productivity and also Expanding the scale of production. Therefore, the replacement of primitive society by slave society is a kind of progress. In slave society, slave owners own the means of production and slaves while exploiting other workers. The way the slave owner class rules is different in different periods and regions. . Ancient Egypt, Babylon, China, India, and Persia, which emerged on the Iranian plateau, all formed vast autocratic empires in the major river basins. In Europe, many small city-states initially appeared, including Athens, Sparta, Rome and other systems were once peaceful, and were later replaced by huge empires. Whether it was a peaceful or autocracy, the essence was the same among countries in the same region. Political groups fought with each other, power changed, and wars continued; slaves and civilians also resisted throughout. This made the political situation of ancient society change very frequently.
In Eastern countries, the objective environment often prompted rulers to organize large-scale organizations. In Europe, slave labor is widely used in various sectors. In addition to the large number of slaves used in agriculture and handicraft production, slaves are also widely used in agriculture. , Handicraft production has widely used metal tools, and production technology has been continuously updated.
In terms of culture, astronomy, calendar, mathematics, architecture, philosophy and literature have emerged in Eastern countries. The arts have made brilliant achievements, and the scientific culture of ancient Greece and Rome has also had an impact on Western society and the world. Chinese philosophy represented by Confucius, Laozi and others complemented each other and opened up the world for people. Vision. The Greek scholar Aristotle founded the discipline systems of logic, physics, botany and zoology.
Great buildings such as the Great Wall and the Pyramids have become thousands of...