2. It is concluded that Evodia rutaecarpa and Coptis chinensis are processed products of Coptis chinensis, and the processing method is Evodia rutaecarpa. Coptis chinensis was processed in the Tang Dynasty. See "Daughter Fang Yi". Rhizoma Coptidis, Rhizoma Coptidis, Rhizoma Coptidis Trifoliae or Rhizoma Coptidis Trifoliae of Ranunculaceae [1]. Coptis chinensis is bitter in taste and cold in nature, and enters the heart, spleen, stomach, liver, gallbladder and intestine. It has the effects of clearing away heat, eliminating dampness, purging pathogenic fire and detoxicating, and can be used for damp-heat fullness, vomiting, acid swallowing, diarrhea, jaundice, high fever, excessive heart fire, insomnia, palpitation, blood-heat vomiting, red eyes, toothache, and thirst quenching. Externally used to treat eczema, wet sores and pus in ear canal. Evodia rutaecarpa and coptis chinensis are dark yellow in color and bitter in taste, while Evodia rutaecarpa is slightly pungent. Evodia rutaecarpa can inhibit its bitter cold, and make Coptis chinensis cold but not depressed, mainly by clearing qi, dispersing damp heat, dispersing liver and gallbladder, and reducing fire [1].
3. Coptidis Rhizoma is processed by moistening, cutting and boiling (frying) in Tang Dynasty (Qianjin Fang Yi) [1].
The processing methods in Song Dynasty have made great progress. In addition to following the frying methods of the Tang Dynasty, there are micro-frying (too square), coke-frying (Jibofang), charcoal-frying (where food is in the square), wine-frying (Bian Que), wine-steaming (Danxi new method) and ginger-frying (guest house reservation party).
In the Yuan Dynasty, local frying ("Danxi heart method") and toilet system ("original machine reveals micro") were added [1].
After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, vinegar system, salt system, milk system, baking soda system, dry paint system (Meng Ru), cornus officinalis puzzle system (Compendium of Materia Medica), loess ginger wine honey system (Materia Medica), bile system, fried Sophora japonica flower system (Jingyue Quanshu) and wine apocynum venetum system (rejuvenation) were added. The purpose of its processing is expounded, such as "Coptis chinensis enters the hands of Shaoyin Heart Meridian, which is the main medicine for treating fire;" Treat the fire of dirty, then use it; Treat the fire of liver and gallbladder, stir-fry with pig bile; Treat scorching fire, grind salt water or mirabilite to stir fry; To cure damp-heat fire, stir-fry with dogwood soup; To treat blood stasis, fry with dry paint powder; To cure the fire of food accumulation, it is advisable to grind loess and stir fry with water "(Compendium of Materia Medica) [1]. "Stir-fry Cornus officinalis with white dysentery, stir-fry Sophora japonica with red dysentery, and remove Sophora japonica" (Notes on Zhai Guang's awakening) [1].
At present, the main processing methods are wine roasting, ginger roasting and Evodia rutaecarpa roasting [1].
The preparation method of Huanglian tablets: taking the raw materials, removing impurities, washing with water, moistening thoroughly, slicing, drying and sieving to remove impurities; Or mashed in time [1].
The processing method of Evodia rutaecarpa and Coptidis Rhizoma is as follows: decocting Evodia rutaecarpa with appropriate amount of water, taking juice to remove residues, mixing the decoction with Coptidis Rhizoma evenly, slightly moistening, putting into a decoction container after the liquid medicine is exhausted, heating with slow fire, decocting until dry, taking out, cooling, and sieving to remove residues [1].
Evodia rutaecarpa 10kg[ 1] for yellow tablets.
4. Coptis chinensis is characterized by irregular flake or fragment shape, dark yellow and rough periphery, rich residual fine fibrous roots and yellowish [1]. Hard, slightly gaseous, extremely bitter [1].
Coptis chinensis is dark yellow in color and bitter in taste, while Evodia rutaecarpa is slightly spicy [1].
5. The quality of Rhizoma Coptidis requires that the total ash content of Rhizoma Coptidis should not exceed 5.0%, and the berberine content should not be lower than 3.6% based on berberine hydrochloride (C20H 17NO4 HCl); The total ash content of Rhizoma Coptidis shall not exceed 4.0%[ 1].
The taste of Coptis chinensis returns to People's Republic of China (PRC) Pharmacopoeia (version 20 10): Coptis chinensis tastes bitter and cold. Heart, spleen, stomach, liver, gallbladder and large intestine meridian.
Dictionary of traditional Chinese medicine: Coptis chinensis tastes bitter and cold. Into the heart, liver, stomach and large intestine.
Chinese materia medica: Coptis chinensis is bitter in taste and cold in nature, and enters the heart, liver, stomach and intestines.
Shennong Herbal Classic: "Bitter taste, cold."
Compendium of Materia Medica: "Shennong, Qi Bo and Leigong: bitter, non-toxic, Li: slightly cold."
Herbal soup: "Start with Shaoyin Meridian."
Herbal Shu Shu: "It begins with Shaoyin and Yangming, which is enough for Shaoyang, Jueyin, Yangming and Taiyin."
Interpretation of Materia Medica: "Entering the Kidney Meridian and Hand Heart Meridian of the Foot of Shaoyin.
7 Efficacy and Indications of Coptis chinensis People's Republic of China (PRC) Pharmacopoeia (20 10 Edition):
Coptis chinensis has the effects of clearing away heat and dampness, purging fire and detoxifying. Can be used for treating sores such as damp-heat fullness, vomiting, acid swallowing, diarrhea, jaundice, coma due to high fever, excessive heart fire, insomnia, palpitation, hematemesis, conjunctival congestion, toothache, thirst quenching, and carbuncle swelling. Externally used to treat eczema, wet sores and pus in ear canal.
Wine coptis is better than clearing fire. It is used for treating aphtha with red eyes.
Turmeric even clears the stomach and stops vomiting. For cold and heat, damp-heat obstruction, fullness and vomiting.
Yuhuanglian soothes the liver and stomach to stop vomiting. Used for disharmony between liver and stomach, vomiting and acid swallowing.
Chinese medicine processing;
Coptidis Rhizoma has the effects of purging fire, detoxicating, clearing away heat and eliminating dampness, and can be used for treating damp-heat fullness, vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice, coma due to high fever, excessive heart fire, insomnia, vomiting due to blood heat, red eyes and toothache, thirst quenching, carbuncle and furuncle. External use for eczema, wet sores and ear canal pus [1]. For example, Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (authentic operation) treats heat toxicity, high fever, irritability, carbuncle and furuncle; Qingwen Baidu decoction for treating qi and blood burn ("miliaria"); Pulsatilla decoction for treating diarrhea due to heat dysentery (treatise on febrile diseases) [1].
Stir-fried Rhizoma Coptidis with wine can induce the drug to rise, slow down its cold and clear the fire of the leader [1]. For example, Huanglian Gualou Pill (standard of syndrome differentiation and treatment) [1] is used to treat swelling and pain of eyes and sores on mouth and tongue.
Rhizoma Coptidis roasted with ginger can relieve its bitter cold and enhance its antiemetic effect [1]. For example, Xiangjiangsan is used to treat damp-heat obstruction, stomach disharmony, vomiting and diarrhea; Yu Lian Pill (Sichuan drug label 1983) [1] is used to treat hypochondriac pain, belching, acid swallowing and diarrhea.
The preparation of Rhizoma Coptidis by Evodia rutaecarpa inhibits its bitterness and coldness, and makes Rhizoma Coptidis cold but not depressed, mainly by clearing qi, dispersing damp heat and dispersing liver and gallbladder depression [1]. For example, Daxianglian Pill (Taiping Huimin Heji Fang Ju) [1] is used to treat stagnation of internal resistance, fullness of chest and diaphragm, fullness of hypochondriac ribs or diarrhea with purulent blood.
Dictionary of traditional Chinese medicine: Coptis chinensis has the effects of purging fire, drying dampness, detoxifying and killing insects. It can be used for treating toxic heat, typhoid fever, dysphoria due to excess heat, nausea, bacillary dysentery, abdominal pain due to heat diarrhea, pulmonary arthralgia, vomiting, dysentery, blood loss, thirst quenching, malnutrition, ascariasis, whooping cough, sore throat, conjunctival congestion, aphtha, carbuncle, eczema, and soup fire.
Traditional Chinese Medicine: Coptis chinensis has the effects of clearing away heat and purging fire, eliminating dampness and detoxifying. High fever, irritability, delirium or vomiting, heat toxin forcing blood to rush in, damp-heat chest distress, diarrhea, dysentery, excessive heart fire, upset insomnia, stomach heat or hunger and vomiting, liver fire with red eyes and swelling pain, heat toxin ulcer, scabies and jaundice, swollen gums, mouth and ear sores, etc.
Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica: "The main heat causes eye pain, tears in the corners of the eyes, improved vision, abdominal pain and diarrhea, and women suffer from swelling and pain in the yin."
Notes on Materia Medica: "Relieve Croton Poisoning."
"Records of Famous Doctors": "Treat cold and heat in five zang-organs, expel purulent blood for a long time, quench thirst and panic, remove water and bones, regulate stomach and intestines, and benefit gallbladder to treat aphtha."
"Theory of Medicinal Properties": "Killing children's scabies, dull eyes and faint pain, calming the liver and clearing away heat and toxic materials."
Compendium of Materia Medica: "The master is thin and short of breath."
"Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Treat five strains and seven injuries, replenish qi and stop heart and abdominal pain." Panic and irritability, moistening the heart and lungs, gaining weight and stopping bleeding, complicated with boils, scabies, night sweats, steaming pork bellies in hot weather and making pills to treat infantile malnutrition. "
Ren Zhai Zhi Zhi Fang: "It can dispel evil blood."
"Pearl Capsule": "Purging heart fire makes the heart swell." Stir-fried wine, wine bubble, around the neck. "
Wang: "the main heart disease is rebellious, and the heart accumulates."
"Herbal Supplement": "Ginger juice is fried, and the pungent taste dissipates heat."
Compendium of Materia Medica: "Relieve boredom and mild powder poisoning caused by taking medicine."
The new edition of Materia Medica: "Stop vomiting and swallowing acid, quench thirst, cure fire eyes, set your mind at ease, stop wet dream, and eliminate fullness."
Compendium of Materia Medica: "Treating carbuncle, carbuncle, scabies, drunkenness and fetal poison." Kill octopus. "
8 Processing Efficacy of Hawthorn Coptidis Hawthorn Coptidis has the functions of purging fire and detoxifying, clearing away heat and drying dampness, and can be used for damp-heat fullness, vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice, high fever, unconsciousness, excessive heart fire, insomnia, blood-heat vomiting, red eyes and acid swallowing, toothache, thirst, carbuncle and furuncle; External use for eczema, wet sores and ear canal pus [1]. For example, Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (authentic operation) treats heat toxicity, high fever, irritability, carbuncle and furuncle; Qingwen Baidu decoction for treating qi and blood burn ("miliaria"); Pulsatilla decoction for treating diarrhea due to heat dysentery (treatise on febrile diseases) [1].
The preparation of Rhizoma Coptidis by Evodia rutaecarpa inhibits its bitterness and coldness, making Rhizoma Coptidis cold but not depressed, mainly by clearing qi, dispersing damp heat and dispersing liver and gallbladder depression [1]. For example, Daxianglian Pill (Taiping Huimin Heji Fang Ju) [1] is used to treat stagnation of internal resistance, fullness of chest and diaphragm, fullness of hypochondriac ribs or diarrhea with purulent blood.
9. Study on the processing of Coptis chinensis. Coptis chinensis. Contains berberine, coptisine, tetrandrine, jatrorrhizine, methylcoptisine, magnolin, etc. [1].
9. The influence of1on chemical constituents shows that Coptis chinensis should be cut at low water temperature, and the soaking time in water should be reduced as much as possible, otherwise it will lose its efficacy [1]. At present, in practical application, in order to avoid the loss of ingredients in the cutting process, Coptis chinensis is often mashed [1].
After Rhizoma Coptidis was processed with wine, ginger juice and Evodia rutaecarpa juice, the contents of berberine, palmatine and jatrorrhizine did not change significantly [1]. However, it is also reported that the content of berberine in Coptis chinensis decreases with the increase of processing temperature, but processing can improve the dissolution rate of berberine in water [1]. The dissolution rate of berberine in Huanglian raw product was 58. 17%, and that in wine, ginger juice and Evodia rutaecarpa was about 85%, which indicated that processing promoted the dissolution rate of berberine in decoction [1]. However, some reports differ from the above conclusions. It is considered that the content of total alkaloids in Evodia rutaecarpa decoction is 8.68% lower than that in Coptidis Rhizoma decoction, berberine is 65,438 09.35% lower and palmatine is 3.45% lower, which is consistent with the traditional understanding that Evodia rutaecarpa juice can reduce the coldness of Coptidis Rhizoma after processing. After Rhizoma Coptidis was processed by different methods, the content of berberine decreased in different degrees, especially the charcoal of Rhizoma Coptidis. However, the content of berberine hydrochloride after blending with wine and drying in the sun is higher than that of other processed products and raw products made with heated wine. Different amounts of white wine and yellow wine fried Coptis chinensis have little effect on the content of berberine hydrochloride, but the content of water-soluble extract is obviously higher than that of raw product. The frying rate of trace elements Mn, Ca and Zn in baked wine is also significantly higher than that in raw wine [1]. Therefore, it is inferred that the content and dissolution rate of alkaloids in Coptis chinensis are affected by the amount of ethanol and heating temperature [1].
Coptis chinensis can produce a red berberine alkaloid-berberine [1] during heating. When the crude drug is heated to 130℃, 1 hour, or180℃ for 20 minutes, its content increases with the increase of heating temperature and time, and berberine decreases accordingly [1]. Heating can also change the structure of tetrandrine and jatrorrhizine [1]. It is suggested to study the relationship between heating and quality change of Rhizoma Coptidis [1].
9.2 Pharmacological research shows that berberine has inhibitory effects on a variety of Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria, with antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, cholagogic, platelet aggregation inhibiting, blood sugar lowering and antiarrhythmic effects, and has protective effects on myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction [1]. After processed with wine, ginger juice and Evodia rutaecarpa juice, Coptis chinensis still has different degrees of antibacterial activity, and all of them have unprecedented inhibitory effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa [1]. In addition, the inhibitory effect of Rhizoma Coptidis processed with ginger juice on Proteus was enhanced, and it was better than other processed products [1].
Storage method of 10 dogwood and coptis root