2 English reference Qinggu powder [Chinese medicine terminology Committee. Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004)]
There are about seven prescriptions with the same name in Qinggu Powder, among which the commonly used one is the one recorded in the Standard of Syndrome and Treatment, which is composed of 5 grams of Bupleurum, 3 grams of picrorhiza, 3 grams of Gentiana macrophylla, 3 grams of Carapax Trionycis, 3 grams of Cortex Lycii, 3 grams of Artemisia annua, 3 grams of Anemarrhena asphodeloides and 2 grams of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and has the effects of clearing away deficiency and heat and steaming back bones. It is mainly used to treat fever due to deficiency of liver and kidney yin and internal disturbance of deficiency fire, and is often used to treat chronic consumptive diseases such as tuberculosis in modern times.
Qinggu powder, a prescription in the standard of syndrome differentiation and treatment, has antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects and has a certain inhibitory effect on mycobacterium tuberculosis, but this prescription can only be used as an auxiliary treatment for tuberculosis. All over the world, chemical drugs are being used to treat tuberculosis, and remarkable achievements have been made. It is difficult to cure with this traditional Chinese medicine alone, especially severe pulmonary tuberculosis. For some chronic consumptive diseases with fever, it can be treated because of its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and neuroendocrine effects, but corresponding treatment schemes should be formulated according to the specific diseases and the primary diseases. [ 1]
4. 1 is composed of Radix Bupleuri, Rhizoma picrorhizae, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae, Carapax Trionycis (processed with vinegar), Cortex Lycii, Herba Artemisiae Annuae, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae and Glycyrrhrizae Radix.
Bupleurum root 5g, picrorhiza root 3g, Gentiana macrophylla 3g, Carapax Trionycis 3g, Cortex Lycii 3g, Artemisia annua 3g, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae 3g and Glycyrrhrizae Radix 2g[4].
Bupleurum chinense 1 money 5 cents, picrorhiza picrorhiza 1 money, Gentiana macrophylla 1 money, Carapax Trionycis (processed with vinegar) 1 money, Lycium barbarum 1 money, Artemisia annua 1 money, and licorice 5 cents.
4.2 Qinggu Powder, which is one of the prescriptions in the Standard of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment, has the effects of clearing away deficiency and heat, and retreating bone and steaming. Indications: asthenia, bone steaming, fatigue and fever. Symptoms include bone steaming, hot flashes, or persistent low fever, emaciation, red lips and cheeks, drowsiness, night sweats, or anxiety due to thirst, red tongue with little fur and rapid pulse. [4]
Qinggu powder has the effect of nourishing yin and clearing heat, and is used to treat internal heat due to yin deficiency [3].
4.3 Usage and dosage of Qinggu Powder: Take two glasses of water, decoct for eight minutes, and eat far away [2][3].
Add water for 2 minutes, stir-fry for 8 minutes, and serve far away.
4.4 The syndrome of Fang Jie Qinggu Powder is caused by yin deficiency of liver and kidney and internal disturbance of deficiency fire. Internal heat due to yin deficiency, or inflammation due to deficiency of fire, is accompanied by hot flashes, bone steaming, red lips and cheeks, drowsiness, night sweats, vexation and thirst. It should be treated by nourishing yin and clearing heat. This prescription is a combination of drugs for clearing away deficiency and heat, removing bone and steaming, and nourishing yin, clearing away heat and nourishing yin. Yinchaihu in the prescription tastes bitter and slightly cold, clearing away heat and cooling blood, and is good at relieving deficiency heat without bitterness and dryness, so it is the monarch medicine. Anemarrhena rhizome nourishes yin and purges fire, clearing away deficiency and heat; Rhizoma picrorhizae enters the blood, clearing heat; Cortex Lycii lowers lung and fire, and the lower energizer removes deficiency heat of liver and kidney. Three kinds of drugs * * * clear yin deficiency and fire, and good governance has sweat and bone steaming. The above drugs are minister drugs. Supplemented by Gentiana macrophylla, suffering is bitter; Artemisia annua is fragrant, clear of deficiency and heat, and good at penetrating heat; Tortoise shell is cold in nature, which not only nourishes yin and subdues yang, but also introduces medicine into yin points. It is a common medicine for treating deficiency-heat and used as an auxiliary medicine. It is necessary to use less licorice to reconcile all kinds of medicines to prevent bitter and cold medicines from damaging stomach qi. The whole prescription has the effects of clearing away heat and steaming the back bone. [5]
4.5 Clinical application of Qinggu Powder is a common prescription for treating bone steaming and hot flashes due to yin deficiency. Clinical manifestations are bone steaming hot flashes, emaciation and night sweats, red tongue with little coating and rapid pulse, which can be treated with this recipe. [4]
4.5. 1 Add and subtract If pulmonary tuberculosis has a dry cough with no or little phlegm, Lily, Ophiopogon japonicus, Fritillaria cirrhosa, Stemona, etc. Nourishing yin, moistening lung and relieving cough can be added; Bletilla striata, Colla Corii Asini and Herba et Gemma Agrimoniae can be added for hemoptysis to nourish blood, cool blood and stop bleeding; Astragalus membranaceus and Pseudostellaria heterophylla can be added for qi deficiency, fatigue, shortness of breath and laziness. Those who eat less loose stool due to spleen deficiency can go to Rhizoma picrorhizae and Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, and add Chinese yam, lotus seed meat and lentils to strengthen the spleen and ooze dampness. [4] For patients with blood deficiency, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Paeoniae Alba and Radix Rehmanniae are added to nourish yin and nourish blood; For cough, donkey-hide gelatin, Ophiopogon japonicus and Schisandra chinensis should be added to nourish yin, moisten lung and relieve cough. [5]
4.5.2 Qinggu Powder [4] is prohibited for those who show fever due to contraindications.
4.6 Modern indications: Qinggu Powder can be used for bone steaming of fever caused by tuberculosis or other chronic consumptive diseases, which belongs to internal heat due to yin deficiency [5].
4.6. 1 Tuberculosis was declared as a global emergency by the World Organization in 1993. This disease is an infectious disease spread by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The source of infection is tuberculosis patients. Droplets containing mycobacterium tuberculosis are discharged into the air by coughing, spitting and talking. When the human body's resistance is low and the inhaled droplets contain a large number of mycobacterium tuberculosis, bacteria will grow and multiply inside and outside alveolar macrophages, and inflammatory lesions will appear in this part of lung tissue, which is called primary lesions. Primary focus Mycobacterium tuberculosis drains lymphatic vessels along the lung to reach hilar lymph nodes, causing lymph node enlargement, which is the formation of primary tuberculosis. The primary focus continues to expand, which can spread directly or through blood flow to adjacent tissues and organs, and then tuberculosis occurs. Primary tuberculosis in human body produces specific immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis through cell-mediated immune system, which makes primary tuberculosis calcified and fibrotic. Most mycobacterium tuberculosis is eliminated, which is a benign process. However, a few mycobacterium tuberculosis are still in hibernation, and can grow and reproduce again when the immune function of the body decreases, thus producing tuberculosis. The main pathological changes were inflammatory exudation, hyperplasia and cheese necrosis. The main clinical manifestations are fatigue, night sweats, hot flashes in the afternoon, weight loss, hemoptysis, chest pain, cough and expectoration. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis has not only symptoms of systemic poisoning, but also symptoms and signs of corresponding organ and tissue lesions. [5]
4.7 Pharmacological Effects of Qinggu Powder [6]
4.7. 1 Anti-pathogenic microorganism effect Yinchaihu is a monarch drug, which is good at clearing heat due to deficiency and malnutrition. It is mainly used to treat fever due to yin deficiency, bone steaming strain, chronic malaria due to yin deficiency and malnutrition fever, but its anti-tuberculosis effect has not been found in modern medicine so far. Picrorhiza picrorhiza root extract has antibacterial effect, especially against more than 100 kinds of fungi such as Trichophyton purpurea, Vicia faba, Microsporum gypseum, Nocardia stellata and Epidermophyton rubrum. Anemarrhena asphodeloides has certain inhibitory effect on typhoid bacillus, diphtheria bacillus and staphylococcus. The ethanol extract of Anemarrhena asphodeloides has a strong inhibitory effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and feeding Anemarrhena asphodeloides feed to experimental mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis can alleviate the pathological changes. At the same time, mangiferin contained in Anemarrhena asphodeloides has obvious anti-herpes simplex virus effect. Cortex Lycii has a strong inhibitory effect on typhoid, paratyphoid A and Shigella dysenteriae, but has a low inhibitory effect on mycobacterium tuberculosis and influenza virus. The adjuvant Gentiana macrophylla has inhibitory effects on influenza, anthrax, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus albus, paratyphoid, pneumococcus, typhoid, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio cholerae, aerogenes and Proteus. It also has inhibitory effect on some skin fungi. Artemisia annua has inhibitory effect on most of the above bacteria, tuberculosis to a certain extent, leptospira, schistosomiasis, plasmodium, Toxoplasma gondii, coke worms and other parasites. It has a strong inhibitory effect on skin fungi, influenza virus and epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus. Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch has inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Helicobacter pylori, Entamoeba, Trichomonas and so on. It has broad-spectrum antiviral effect, especially for herpes simplex virus, hepatitis virus, AIDS virus, adenovirus, syncytial virus, coxsackie virus, AIDS virus, varicella-zoster virus, etc. This prescription has four anti-tuberculosis effects.
4.7.2 Effects on Nervous System and Endocrine System The monarch drug Yinchaihu has antipyretic effect, and the minister drug picroside II can reduce the damage of H2O2 to nerve cells, improve the survival rate of nerve cells and reduce the level of oxidative active substances in nerve cells. Anemarrhena asphodeloides can regulate the imbalance of βAR and MchoR regulatory mechanisms. When they change in opposite directions, Anemarrhena asphodeloides can simultaneously turn them into normal, thus correcting abnormal cell functions. Anemarrhena asphodeloides can increase the number of brain M receptors and improve learning and memory ability. Sapogenin contained in Anemarrhena asphodeloides can reduce the activity of dopamine β -hydroxylase in blood, brain and adrenal gland, reduce the synthesis and release of na, inhibit the over-synthesis of β -receptor protein, and down-regulate too many β-receptors, so that the function of β -receptor in the brain of Yin-deficiency animals is reduced, and the content of cAMP in blood is reduced, resulting in the decline of sympathetic nerve and β -receptor functions. Anemarrhena asphodeloides can also regulate the function of disordered β receptor and M receptor, and make them return to normal. At the same time, Anemarrhena extract can reduce insulin resistance, promote the synthesis of hepatic glycogen, and promote the intake of sugar by adipose tissue, which has a significant hypoglycemic effect. Anemarrhena asphodeloides has obvious antipyretic and sedative effects by inhibiting the activities of Na+ K+ATPase and Na+on cell membrane related to thermogenesis. Anemarrhena asphodeloides can inhibit the catabolism of adrenocortical hormone in liver and significantly increase plasma corticosterone. In vitro experiments show that Anemarrhena asphodeloides can inhibit the opening of C4, 5 double chains and the reduction of C3 keto groups in ring A, thus slowing down the destruction and inactivation of corticosterone in the liver. Anemarrhena asphodeloides can protect adrenal cortex, reduce the toxic and side effects of glucocorticoid, significantly increase the plasma corticosterone content of animals taking dexamethasone, and alleviate or reverse the morphological changes of pituitary and adrenal gland caused by long-term taking adrenocorticoid. The increase of plasma corticosterone can play the role of storing sodium and water in the kidney and increase blood volume. Mangiferin contained in Anemarrhena asphodeloides has antipyretic effect. The auxiliary material Gentiana macrophylla has sedative, antipyretic and analgesic effects. Gentiana macrophylla can excite hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex, increase ACTH secretion, and thus excite adrenal cortex function. FM 100 contained in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch has certain anticonvulsant, analgesic and spasmolytic effects, and total flavonoids of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch has protective effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Intravenous injection of glycyrrhizic acid can improve the activities of ATPase and lactate dehydrogenase in brain mitochondria and alleviate brain edema after complete ischemia-reperfusion Glycyrrhizic acid contained in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch has corticoid-like effect, while glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid have corticoid-like effect, which is produced by exciting hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex axis. Deoxycorticosterone has the function of storing salt and water, and glucocorticoid has the functions of promoting metabolism, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and resuscitation, so it can effectively solve the problems of "thirst, irritability and rapid pulse" in the prescription. The aqueous extract of Lycium barbarum bark has obvious antipyretic effect; Lycium barbarum decoction can promote the secretion of insulin by islet β cells, and the effect is very significant, and at the same time reduce the damage of islet β cells' morphological structure. The water extract of Artemisia annua has analgesic effect and obvious cooling effect; Its water extract, n-butanol extract and ethanol extract can improve the high temperature resistance of animals.
4.7.3 Anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects and their effects on immune function; The aqueous extract of picrorhiza picrorhiza rhizome has strong inhibitory effect on the classical pathway and bypass pathway of complement activation, and has obvious inhibitory effect on the production of migration inhibitory factor (MIF). It can also inhibit the production of superoxide anion in polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and has a significant hypoglycemic effect. Mangiferin contained in Anemarrhena asphodeloides has obvious anti-inflammatory effect. The total polysaccharide of Anemarrhena asphodeloides can enhance adrenal function, reduce ACTH secretion and release, inhibit PGE synthesis and release, and have significant inhibitory effects on edema and granuloma. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide can obviously increase the white blood cells caused by cyclophosphamide and 60Co radiation. Gentiana macrophylla contained in Gentiana macrophylla has anti-inflammatory effect and inhibits capillary permeability and edema during inflammation. At the same time, it can obviously alleviate the symptoms of anaphylactic shock, has antihistamine effect and can obviously inhibit the delayed hypersensitivity induced by SRBC in mice. The water extract of Artemisia annua has obvious anti-inflammatory effect and can obviously inhibit inflammation and edema. Artemisinin can improve the lymphocyte transformation rate of immunocompromised animals caused by corticosteroids and reduce the increase of plasma cAMP. Artemether can reduce the weight of spleen; Artemisinin and artemether can promote the proliferation of TS cells, thus inhibiting IgG. Artesunate can increase the level of serum complement in rats and enhance the ability of spleen cells in mice to produce antibodies. Artesunate can also promote the proliferation of TS cells, inhibit TH cells and prevent the release of interleukin and various inflammatory mediators, thus playing an immunomodulatory role. Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch has an anti-inflammatory effect similar to that of phenylbutazone or hydrocortisone, and its effective components are glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid, which have inhibitory effects on inflammatory stages I, II and III, as well as antiallergic effects and inhibitory effects on immune inflammation. Glycyrrhizic acid can increase the weight of spleen and thymus, enhance the activity of reticuloendothelial system and significantly increase antibody production. Glycyrrhizin can inhibit the release of histamine from mast cells and enhance the secretion of IL-2 from lymphocytes induced by ConA. Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide can improve the phagocytosis of reticuloendothelial system and monocytes; Glycyrrhetinic acid can increase lymphocyte ratio; β -glycyrrhetinic acid is an inhibitor of the classical pathway of human complement. Licorice Lx can reduce the amount of antigen, inhibit the production of antibody and show its immunosuppressive effect, and has preventive and therapeutic effects on penicillin anaphylactic shock.
4.8 Various arguments 1. Collection of medical prescriptions: this medicine is also sufficient for shaoyang and jueyin. The bitterness and coldness of Cortex Lycii, Rhizoma Coptidis and Rhizoma Anemarrhenae can be alleviated by yin heat. Bupleurum, Artemisia annua and Gentiana macrophylla are cool, which can disperse the heat of liver and gallbladder and disperse it on the exterior; Turtle is a kind of yin, while Oracle bone belongs to bone, which can introduce various drugs into bone to supplement yin qi; Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is sweet and can be combined with other drugs to relieve deficiency-heat
2. "Reading Conveniently": those who enter the yin with the bitterness and cold of Yinchai, Artemisia annua and Gentiana macrophylla declare that the heat evil is out of the table; Rhizoma picrorhizae Rhizoma picrorhizae, Carapax Trionycis, Radix Puerariae and Rhizoma Anemarrhenae are bitter cold and sweet cold, which are divided into yin and heat-clearing in the interior; Those who use licorice to slow down the inside and outside let evil enter the righteous ear.
4.9 Qinggu Powder is mainly composed of Bupleurum chinense, Hu Lian Gentiana macrophylla and Carapax Trionycis. Artemisia annua, ground bone, Zhimu grass, steamed bone. [4]
4. 10 Source "Standard of Syndrome and Treatment and Similar Prescriptions" Volume 1.
5 Lei Yong Qian Fang Volume 13 Qinggu Powder 5. 1 Prescription Beichai Radix Rehmanniae each 60g Ginseng Radix Saposhnikoviae, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae and Poria each 30g Picrorhiza 15g Peppermint leaves 23g.
5.2 Pharmaceutical Methods.
5.3 Indications: Qinggu Powder, the 13th prescription of Zhong Fang Leiyong, is mainly used to treat deficiency of both qi and yin, excessive heat and evil, vexation and heat, and mental fatigue.
5.4 Usage and dosage of Qinggu Powder: each dose 12g, water 150ml, decocted to 100ml, and taken warm.
5.5 Source: Lei Yong Zhong Fang, Volume XIII.
6 "Shiyidexiao Formula" Volume 9 Prescription Qinggu Powder 6. 1 Prescription Qinggu Powder
6.2 is composed of Bupleurum, Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata 1, Ginseng (reed removed) 1, Radix Saposhnikoviae (reed removed) 1, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae 1, Poria 1, half of Rhizoma picrorhizae and 7.5 yuan with mint leaves.
6.3 Indications: Jiufang Qinggu Powder, a prescription for relieving the efficacy of world famous doctors, was first used to treat fatigue of women, boys and girls.
6.4 Usage and dosage of Qinggu Powder: Each 3 yuan is half-fried with 1 glass of water and taken warm. Take Peng Jing Wan Jian 1 first, and drain the internal organs slightly before taking it.
6.5 Filing of preparation methods.
6.6 Source: World Medical Effective Prescriptions, Volume 9
7 "Shoushi Baoyuan" Volume Sifangzhiqinggu Powder 7. 1 Fangmingqinggu Powder
7.2 Ginseng 1, Poria 5, Bupleurum 2, Gentiana macrophylla 5, Radix Rehmanniae 2, Radix Rehmanniae 2, Cortex Phellodendri 1, Radix Saposhnikoviae 1, Herba Menthae 7, and Rhizoma picrorhizae 5.
7.3 Indications: Sifang educated youth bone powder in "Hand's Baoyuan" is used to indicate that men and women are upset and hot, and their bones are steaming tired.
7.4 Usage and dosage of Qinggu Powder: decoct in water and take it warm.
7.5 Preparation method of document 1 dose.
7.6 Source "Shou Shi Bao Yuan" Volume 4
8 "Medical Understanding" Volume 3 Fangji Qinggu Powder 8. 1 Fangji Qinggu Powder
8.2 Radix Bupleuri 1, Radix Paeoniae Alba 1, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae 7, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5, Cortex Moutan 1 2, Cortex Lycii 1 2, Herba Artemisiae Annuae 1 2, Carapax Trionycis 1 2, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae 4, etc.
8.3 Indications: Sanfang Qinggu Powder in the Enlightenment of Medical Mind is mainly used to treat cough and red vomiting, which gradually becomes a symptom of bone steaming fatigue. Stomach full of qi, knotted stool and strong pulse.
8.4 Usage and dosage of Qinggu Powder: decocted in water. Plus the baby's feces, it's especially wonderful.
8.5 Source Medical Understanding Volume III
9 "Heji Shenglun" Volume 5 Qinggu Powder 9. 1 Fang Mingqing Bone Powder
9.2 Consists of Bupleurum, Cortex Lycii and Cortex Moutan.
9.3 Indications: Five Prescriptions Qinggu Powder from He's Theory of Jisheng is used for bone steaming.
9.4 The usage and dosage of Qinggu Powder is powder.
9.5 Source "He Ji Sheng Lun" Volume 5
10 "Hao Jing zhi zhi" fangzhiqinggu powder 10 438+0 fangmingqinggu powder
10.2 is composed of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. 4 yuan, Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis 2 yuan (washed), Yinhu 1.5 yuan, Polygonum cuspidatum 1.5 yuan, Lycium barbarum peel 3 yuan, Artemisia annua stem 8 points, fried Anemarrhena rhizome 1.5 yuan, Dendrobium nobile 3 yuan.
10.3 indications: fangzhiqinggu powder, which is mainly used for cleaning and is suitable for bone steaming.
Usage 10.4 Qinggu Sanshui decoction.
10.5 source