The sun and moon are blocked day and night, and there is frost and snow in winter and summer. ——Xie Lingyun of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, "Climbing to the top of Lushan Mountain and looking at the mountains" The sun and moon are blocked day and night, and there is frost and snow in winter and summer. The journey to the mountains has no time limit and cannot be stopped if the distance is too far.
But in order to cover up the faintness, the menstrual cycle resumed.
Climb the wall to see the dragon pond, climb the branches to see the breast cave.
The Jixia Gorge suddenly reopens, and the plain road is gone.
There are many places in the mountains, and there is no trace of the comings and goings.
The sun and moon are blocked day and night, and there is frost and snow in winter and summer. Climbing high, Mount Lushan, describing the scenery and expressing feelings. Comments ①The top: the highest peak, the highest point. Qiao (jiào sedan chair): mountain road.
②Mi: More. chuòchuo: stop.
③Sui: So.
④ Accumulation: accumulation, accumulation. Gorge: The place between two mountains and water.
⑤Russia: suddenly.
⑥Long: Qiulong. Ta (tàtà): many and repetitive.
⑦Zhe (zhézhe): the traces left by the wheels.
⑧Shield: cover.
⑨ Frost and snow in winter and summer: Lushan Mountain has a high terrain due to the river and lake, and it is very cool even in summer. According to records in ancient books, in the past, residual snow could be found in canyons with lush forests in summer, and there is a saying that "sometimes I see a mountain man coming to fetch snow." Appreciation
This poem was expressed by the author when he climbed to the highest peak of Lushan Mountain and looked at the surrounding mountain roads. Xie Lingyun, who likes to travel to mountains and rivers, came to Lushan Mountain and climbed to the "extreme summit", realizing his long-cherished wish. Looking around, he saw "Ji Gorge suddenly reopened" and "there are ridges in the mountains". This magnificent natural scenery made The poet is excited.
This poem raises an interesting question. "Return of Ancient Poems" co-edited by Zhong Xing and Tan Yuanchun in the Ming Dynasty recorded Xie Lingyun's poem "Climbing the top of Mount Lu to look at the Qiao Mountains", which contains only six lines:
Ji Gorge may be reopened, but Ping Tu Er has been closed. . There are Heda in the mountains and rivers, but there is no trace of the comings and goings. The sun and moon are blocked day and night, and there is frost and snow in winter and summer. They admired the poem very much. Zhong Yun: "Six lines of profound meaning are a short story." Tan Yun: "Others wrote dozens of lines, but they cannot be so simple and wonderful." However, Xie Lingyun's travel poems never have such a few words; "Ancient Poetry" "Return" is actually an incomplete fragment. At least, according to records in ancient books such as Li Shan's Notes in "Selected Works", there are six more lines at the beginning of this poem:
Traveling to the mountains is not the first stage, and you must not stop for a long distance. But if you want to drown and faint, then your menstrual flow will increase and decrease again. Climb the wall to see the dragon pond, climb the branches to see the breast cave. Moreover, according to the general custom of thanking poems, after the six sentences recorded in "Gu Shi Gui", there are probably many more sentences, but they are just not recorded. In short, Zhong and Tan commented on the remaining poems as if they were complete poems, which is almost like blind people trying to grasp the elephant. As a result, they were repeatedly ridiculed by later generations, and this incident became a famous joke in the history of literary criticism. Xie Lingyun (385-433) was born in Yangxia, Chenjun County (now Taikang, Henan) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He was born in Shining, Kuaiji (now Shangyu, Zhejiang). He was originally a member of the Xie family in Chenjun. The grandson of Xie Xuan, a famous general in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was nicknamed "Ke" and was known as Xie Ke. He also granted the title of Duke Kang Le and thanked him, Duke Kang, and Kang Le. A famous landscape poet, his main creative activities were in the Liu and Song Dynasties, and he was the founder of the landscape poetry school in the history of Chinese literature. Starting from Xie Lingyun, landscape poetry has become a major genre in the history of Chinese literature. The most famous one is "Mountain Residence Ode", and he is also the first great traveler to be mentioned in the annals of history. Xie Lingyun also studied history, worked in calligraphy, translated Buddhist scriptures, and was ordered to write the Book of Jin. "Books of the Sui Dynasty" and "Books of the Jin Dynasty" record 14 types including "Xie Lingyun Collection".
Xie Lingyun
The past and present are as white as a flying sky, and a boundary breaks through the green mountains. Climb Xianglu Peak to the west and see the waterfall in the south. Do you know that I have returned to my old ways and become more rational? Smilingly pointing to the ancient vines in Mount Lushan. When the incense burner is first lit, the waterfall sprays into a rainbow. There are many beautiful colors in Lingshan, and the water in the sky is dense. Lushan Mountain shows off the South Douban, and the screen is covered with nine folds of clouds. Last year I went to the Siluo Bridge, but this year I went to Lushan Song in the cold weather. I don’t know the true face of Mount Lu, just because I am in this mountain. I have traveled thousands of miles without encountering famous mountains. Purple smoke rises from the incense burner in the sunshine, and you can see the waterfall hanging on the Qianchuan River in the distance. Smiling goodbye, Lushan Mountain is far away, so why bother crossing Huxi River.