Shunzhi, Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang, Xianfeng, Tongzhi, Guangxu, Xuantong.
1. Shunzhi
Aixinjueluo Fulin (1638-1661), Manchu, the ninth son of Aixinjueluo Huangtaiji, Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty, and his biological mother Xiaozhuang Empress Wen, Borjigit, came to the throne at the age of six and took charge at the age of thirteen. She was the first emperor after the Qing army entered the Pass. She reigned for eighteen years (1644-1661). In the early years of her accession to the throne, she was ruled by her uncle and Prince Shuorui was regent.
After his death, he was given the posthumous title of "Ti Tian Long Yun Ding Tong Jian Ji Ying Rui Qin Wen Xian Wu Dade Hong Kong Zhi Ren Chun Xiao Zhang". The third son Aixinjueluo Xuanye succeeded to the throne as Emperor Kangxi.
2. Kangxi
Aixinjueluo Xuanye, the Holy Ancestor of the Qing Dynasty (May 4, 1654 - December 20, 1722), Aixinjueluo, the ancestor of the Qing Dynasty Fulin's third son, his biological mother was Tong Jia, the empress Xiaokangzhang. He was the fourth emperor of the Qing Dynasty and the second emperor after the Qing army entered the customs. His reign was Kangxi.
(1662-1722) reigned, in the 61st year of Emperor Kangxi’s reign, on November 13, the 61st year of Kangxi’s reign (December 20, 1722), Emperor Kangxi died in Beijing Chang Chunyuan, died at the age of sixty-eight. After his death, he was given the temple name Shengzu and the posthumous title Hetian Hongyun, Wen Wu Ruizhe, thrifty, generous, filial, honest, meritorious and Dachengren Emperor. He was buried in Jingling.
3. Yongzheng
Emperor Yongzheng was born in 1678 AD. Her biological mother, Wu Ya (Empress Xiao Gongren), was raised by her imperial concubine Tong Jia (Empress Xiao Yiren). He is a half-brother to Yinzhen, the fourteenth son of Emperor Kangxi. He studied under Gu Badai, Zhang Ying, Xu Yuanmeng, etc.
On December 20, 1722 AD, Kangxi died. Yinzhen ascended the throne at the age of 45. On October 8, 1735 AD, Yinzhen died at the age of 58.
4. Qianlong
Emperor Qianlong was named Aixinjueluo Hongli, a Manchu. He ascended the throne at the age of 25 and reigned for sixty years. An outstanding statesman and strategist in ancient China. The fourth son of Yongzheng Emperor Yinzhen of the Qing Dynasty, he was first given the title of Prince Heshuobao.
In the 60th year of Qianlong's reign (1795), Hongli Zen served as the Supreme Emperor for three years and four months after the emperor's fifteenth son Aixinjueluo Yongyan, and actually held the highest power for sixty years. With three years and four months, he was the emperor with the second longest reign in Chinese history (second only to his grandfather, Emperor Kangxi) and the longest lifespan.
5. Jiaqing
Yong Yan, Renzong of the Qing Dynasty, was the fifteenth son of Hongli, Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty. Born in the 25th year of Qianlong's reign (1760), his first name was Yongyan, and his mother was Xiaoyi Chun, Queen Wei Jia's family. In the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong's reign (1773), he was secretly established as the crown prince. In the fifty-fourth year (1789), he was named Prince Jia.
In the 60th year (1795), he was officially declared the crown prince. In the first month of the second year, he accepted the Zen throne of Emperor Qianlong and succeeded to the throne. Afterwards, the government was still controlled by the Supreme Emperor Qianlong, and Yong Yan temporarily lived in Yuqing Palace. In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), Emperor Qianlong died and began to rule personally.
Reigned for twenty-five years. He died in the 25th year of Jiaqing (1820). Aged 61. The temple name is Renzong of the Qing Dynasty, and his posthumous title is Emperor Tianxing Yun Fuhua Suiyou Chongwenjing Wu Guangyu Xiaogong Diligent and thrifty Duanmin Yingzherui. He was buried in the Qingchang Mausoleum of the Qingxi Mausoleum in Yixian County, Hebei Province.
6. Daoguang
Emperor Xuanzong Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty Aixinjueluo Minning was the second son of Emperor Renzong Jiaqing of the Qing Dynasty. He was born on the tenth day of August in the forty-seventh year of Qianlong's reign ( September 16, 1782) Xie Fang Hall, mother Xiao Shu Rui Queen Xitara. In the 18th year of Jiaqing (1813), he was named Prince Heshuozhi.
After Emperor Jiaqing died of illness on July 18, the twenty-fifth year of Jiaqing (July 25, 1820), Minning succeeded to the throne on the same day, and the reign name was changed to "Daoguang" the next year.
During his reign, Minning rectified the civil service, rectified the salt policy, opened up shipping, quelled Zhang Geer's rebellion, strictly prohibited opium, practiced frugality, and was diligent in government affairs. However, his talents were limited and social evils were accumulated.
The Sino-British Opium War broke out in the 20th year of Daoguang (1840). China was defeated and was forced to sign the "Treaty of Nanjing" in the 22nd year of Daoguang (1842). Appeasement and refusal to change, while internal and external troubles were becoming increasingly serious, the Taiping Rebellion was also brewing, and the Qing Dynasty was in crisis.
He died on the 14th of the first month of the 30th year of Daoguang's reign (1850). Reigned for 30 years, aged 69. The temple name was Xuanzong, and the posthumous title was Xiantian Fuyun Li Zhengzheng. He was a literary saint, a martial artist, a wise man, a benevolent thrifty, a diligent filial piety and a sensitive man. Kuan was designated as the emperor. He was buried in the Muling Mausoleum of the Western Mausoleum of the Qing Dynasty. The throne was passed to his fourth son Yiqi.
7. Xianfeng
Qing Wenzong Aixinjueluo Yiqi (1831.7.17-1861.8.22), the last emperor with actual ruling power in the Qing Dynasty and Chinese history , the fourth son of Emperor Daoguang of Xuanzong of the Qing Dynasty. His biological mother was Queen Niu Hulu of Xiaoquan. He was established as the crown prince in the twenty-sixth year of Daoguang (1846).
He came to the throne in the 30th year of Daoguang (1850). After taking the throne, he became diligent in political affairs and carried out large-scale reforms in government affairs. In order to save the ruling crisis, Emperor Xianfeng thought of eliminating the shortcomings and seeking treatment.
He appointed the virtuous and eliminated the evil in an attempt to restore discipline. The Han bureaucrat Zeng Guofan was reused, and the Han landlord armies trained and commanded by him suppressed the Taiping Rebellion and the Nian Army uprising.
Promote Sushun who dares to do his job, and support Sushun and others in getting rid of bad government.
At the same time, Mu Zhanga, Qiying, etc., the military ministers of the Daoguang Dynasty, were dismissed. However, at this time, the Qing Empire was experiencing constant internal and external troubles, and finally ended up signing a series of unequal treaties. After the Xianfeng Dynasty, the Westernization Movement was launched in an attempt to reverse the situation of internal and external difficulties.
In the eleventh year of Emperor Xianfeng's reign (1861), he died at the Chengde Summer Resort at the age of 31. The temple name was Wenzong, and the posthumous name was Xie Tianyi. Yunzhi Chuimo Maode Zhenwu Sheng Xiaoyuan Gongduanren Kuanmin Zhuang Jianxian was buried in the Dingling Tomb of the Qing Dynasty. After Wenzong's death, his only son Aixinjueluo Zaichun came to the throne. He was Tongzhi emperor.
8. Tongzhi
Aixinjueluo Zaichun (April 27, 1856 - January 12, 1875), Mu Zong of the Qing Dynasty, the tenth emperor of the Qing Dynasty, The eighth emperor after the Qing Dynasty established its capital in Beijing, his reign title was "Tongzhi".
He is the eldest son of Emperor Xianfeng of Emperor Wenzong of the Qing Dynasty, and his biological mother is Empress Xiaoqinxian Yehenala. Reigned from 1861 to 1875, 13 years.
9. Guangxu
Aisin Gioro Zaitan, Dezong of the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Guangxu, the eleventh emperor of the Qing Dynasty. When he ascended the throne at the age of four, the Empress Dowager Ci'an and Empress Dowager Cixi initially supervised the administration behind the curtain. After the death of Empress Dowager Ci'an in the seventh year of Guangxu's reign, the Empress Dowager Cixi became the dictator of the palace until Emperor Guangxu took charge of the throne at the age of eighteen. After that, although the government was nominally under the control of Emperor Guangxu, In fact, the power is still in the hands of the Empress Dowager Cixi.
Emperor Guangxu was held hostage by the Empress Dowager Cixi throughout his life and never had real power. In 1898, Emperor Guangxu implemented the "1898 Reform", but was opposed by conservatives led by the Empress Dowager Cixi. Emperor Guangxu was imprisoned in Yingtai, Zhongnanhai by Cixi.
The entire reform lasted only 103 days, so it was called the "Hundred Days Reform". In 1908, Emperor Guangxu died at the age of 38 the day before the death of Empress Dowager Cixi, and was buried in the Qing Chong Ling in the Western Tombs of the Qing Dynasty.
10. Xuantong
Aisin Gioro Puyi (February 7, 1906 - October 17, 1967), the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty and the last emperor in Chinese history . The courtesy name is Yaozhi and the nickname is Haoran. Also known as the Qing Fei Emperor or the Xuantong Emperor.
He is the great-grandson of Daoguang Emperor Minning, grandson of Prince Chunxian Yixuan, and the eldest son of Regent Zaifeng. His mother is Suwanguarjia Youlan. He served twice from 1909 to 1912 and from July 1, 1917 to July 12, 1917.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Monarchs of the Qing Dynasty