2 English reference fruit ammmirotundus(La)[ Chinese Medicine Terminology Committee. Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004)]
Terminology review committee of traditional Chinese medicine. Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004)]
3. Summarize Amomum villosum as the name of traditional Chinese medicine and publish Notes on Materia Medica. Also known as "cardamom". Fruit of Amomum villosum. Zingiberaceae and Amomum. Maton[ 1] from Amomum.
4 Latin name frutus ammmirotundus(La) (TCM terminology (2004))
5 English name cardamon fruit (Chinese medicine terminology (2004))
6 Functions Indications Cardamom is an aromatic dampness-removing drug commonly used in ophthalmology, which has the effects of eliminating dampness, regulating stomach and promoting qi circulation. It can be used for treating conjunctival pain, blurred vision, and star-gathering disorder. Caused by dampness and heat stagnation. It is often combined with almond and coix seed. Such as Sanren decoction.
7 "Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine" Cardamom Cardamom is the name of traditional Chinese medicine, which comes from Materia Medica [2].
7. 1 Cardamom alias: Cardamom, Cardamom, Cardamom [2].
7.2 Source and origin of Amomum villosum. Ginger. The fruit of Amomum villosum (shelled when used) [2]. Mainly produced in southern Vietnam and Thailand, and also introduced and cultivated in southern China [2].
7.3 The taste is pungent and warm, and it enters the lung, spleen and stomach meridians [2].
7.4 Functions are indicated for eliminating dampness, promoting qi circulation, warming stomach, relieving depression and hangover [2]. Indications are dampness blocking qi stagnation, chest tightness, abdominal distension, epigastric cold pain, dyspepsia, choking cough, hiccup, vomiting, nausea and so on [2].
7.5 Usage and dosage of cardamom: 1.5 ~ 6g [2]. After the lower [2].
7.6 Chemical Composition This product contains volatile oil, and the main components are D-borneol, D-camphor, cineole and terpineol [2].
7.7 Pharmacological Action Tincture or tincture has good fragrance and stomach strengthening effect [2]. Its volatile oil can slightly enhance the effect of low dose streptomycin on experimental tuberculosis in guinea pigs [2].
8 "Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine" Amomum villosum 8. 1 Source "Materia Medica"
8.2 Pinyin Name Bá i Dê u Kê u
8.3 Aliases of Cardamom Nutmeg: Bone (Notes on Materia Medica), Shell Coconut (Ben Feng Jingyuan) and Cardamom Nutmeg (Interpretation of Materia Medica).
8.4 The source is the fruit of Amomum villosum of Zingiberaceae. June10-June 12, when the fruit is yellow and green, harvest it, remove the residual fruit stalks and dry it in the sun.
8.5 Primitive perennial herbs. Rhizomes creeping, thick and jointed, nearly woody. The stem is upright, cylindrical and 2 ~ 3 meters high. Leaves in 2 rows, petiole-free, linear-lanceolate, lanceolate or oblanceolate, 23 cm long, 7.5 cm wide, 65,438+00 cm rare, thin and sharp at the top, narrow at the base, nearly wavy at the edge, smooth on the surface, 7 mm long tongue, 2-split at the top and long bristles. The spike is born on the rhizome, and the flower stem and pedicel are 8 cm long; Oval scales, sharp tips, short and densely sericeous bases; Bracts ovoid, apex acute, ciliate, gray, up to 3 cm; Bracteoles tubular, 3-toothed, slightly sericeous, long 15 mm; Calyx tubular, 3-lobed, villous, lobes brush-like; Corolla transparent yellow, thin tube, 2 cm long, throat puberulent. Lobes blunt, about 65438 0 cm long, lip obovate, 65438 0.6 cm long, apex slightly 3-lobed, middle thick, puberulent, yellow or with red stripes; Lateral staminodes subulate, 3 mm long; Filaments are wide, grooved, 5 mm long, anthers 3 mm long, connective appendages 3-lobed, 3 lobes equal in length, rectangular; 2 nectaries, semi-cylindrical, 2 mm long; Ovary inferior, sericeous, 3-loculed, ovules numerous. Capsule oblate, about 65438 0.5 cm in diameter, grayish white, 3-valved.
8.6 Habitats are distributed in tropical areas for cultivation. Distributed in Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Sri Lanka, Guatemala and South America. Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan are also cultivated.
8.7 Dried fruit is called "cardamom". It is slightly spherical and has an obtuse triangle, with a diameter of about 1.2 ~ 1.7 cm. The skin is yellow and white, smooth, with 25 ~ 32 longitudinal ridges, one end with small protrusions and one end with fruit stalk marks; There are often yellow hairs in the ditches at both ends. The peel is light and brittle, easy to split longitudinally, and contains 20 ~ 30 seeds, which are assembled into a ball, commonly known as "coconut ball". Coconut balls are divided into three petals with white septa, and each petal has 7 ~ 10 seeds, commonly known as "nutmeg" or "coconut rice". It is an irregular polyhedron with a diameter of 3 ~ 4 mm, a dark brown or taupe surface with fine ripples and a small round pit at one end. Hard, white part, oily. The smell is fragrant and the taste is spicy and cool. It is best to have a full person, a thin and complete peel and a strong smell. Location: Vietnam and Thailand.
8.8 The fruit with chemical components contains volatile oil, including D borneol, D camphor, humulone and its epoxide, 1, 8 cineole, α and δ piperene, α and β pinene, caryophyllene, myrcene, myrtle, carvone, terpine4 alcohol and juniper.
8.9 Processing and sorting impurities, sieving dandruff and crushing, or peeling off the shell of the fruit and taking the kernel and crushing.
Compendium of Materia Medica: "Cardamom is peeled and fried as medicine."
8. 10 symplectic temperature.
① "Kaibao Materia Medica": "pungent, warm and nontoxic."
② Medical origin: "Qi and heat are pungent."
8. 1 1 Meridian enters lung and spleen.
(1) Herbal soup: "It begins with the Taiyin Sutra."
② Description of the Properties of Leigong's Processed Drugs: "Into lung, spleen and stomach."
(3) rejuvenation materia medica: "into the heart, liver and spleen."
8. 12 has the functions of activating qi, warming stomach, promoting digestion and regulating stomach. Treat qi stagnation, dyspepsia, chest distress, abdominal distension, choking cough, nausea and malaria.
(1) "Kaibao Materia Medica": "Mainly accumulate cold, stop vomiting, nausea, eliminate grains and reduce qi."
② Classic of Materia Medica: "Regulating cold stomach."
(3) Origin of drugs: "The secret of indications" refers to drugs for dispersing chest qi stagnation, feeling cold and abdominal pain, warming the spleen and stomach, and sudden red eyes. "
④ Yang Shiying: "Treat malaria due to spleen deficiency, vomiting, cold and heat, dispersing energy and grinding, and dispersing triple energizer."
⑤ Wang: "tonify lung qi, benefit spleen and stomach, regulate vitality and collect degassing."
⑥ Compendium of Materia Medica: "Treat choking diaphragm, eliminate malaria, cold and heat, and relieve hangover."
⑦ Compendium of Materia Medica: "Eliminating cold and dampness, dissolving food and reducing swelling."
8. 13 oral administration and dosage of cardamom: decoction (not suitable for long time), 0.5 ~ 2 yuan; I still took the pills and dispersed them.
8. 14 Pay attention to people with yin deficiency, blood dryness, cold and dampness.
(1) The Classic of Materia Medica: "When a fire starts, it makes people sick. Because of abdominal pain caused by heat, it is advisable to avoid it."
(2) Materia Medica: "Anyone who coughs and vomits is not due to cold, but to fire; Malaria is not caused by evil, but by deficiency of both yin and yang; " The red pulse is white in the eyes, not because of sudden illness and cold, but because of blood deficiency and blood heat in the eyes for a long time, so it is not appropriate to commit it. "
③ Compendium of Materia Medica: "It is forbidden for those with lung and stomach fire and qi deficiency."
4 classics meet the original: "avoid seeing fire."
8. 15 Attachment ① Treatment of loss of appetite, vomiting and pain: San Qian with cardamom kernel. Finally, deliver the wine. ("Chishui Zhu Xuan" cardamom powder)
(2) Treating stomach wind-cold, I feel like vomiting after eating: three cardamom seeds, mashed and sieved, ground more finely, a glass of good wine, slightly warm, and three or two drinks. ("carry it with you")
③ Treating spleen-stomach qi disharmony and stopping spleen diarrhea: Amomum villosum (with kernel, half-cooked), Fructus Aurantii (with pulp removed, cooked until soft, and parched with bran until fragrant), Cortex Cinnamomi (peeled), Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae (with pulp removed and sliced) and Fructus Chebulae (with core removed and peeled). Six flavors are served, and the pestle is the end. You will get a glass of water every time you withdraw money. Stir-fry ginger and jujube for 7 minutes, and take it at a mild temperature. If you want pills, use good dates, boil them into pulp, peel and core them, and finely grind them to make them as big as tung trees. Crush with ginger, fry until black, decoct in water, and take fifteen pills. ("Bojifang" cardamom powder)
(4) Treating qi-diaphragmatic spleen and stomach, don't eat at all: 22 pieces of cardamom kernel and sand shrinkage, old rice 1 L (washed, slightly swallowed, pan-fried), and half a piece of clove (without fire). The top is fine powder, and the jujube meat is meatballs, such as small red beans. Eat 50-70 to 100 capsules each time and drink rice soup. ("Wei's Family Collection" Taicang Pill)
⑤ Treatment of vomiting during pregnancy: one yuan for cardamom, one yuan for San Qian in bamboo shavings, one yuan for jujube and one yuan for fresh ginger. Mashing ginger to get juice, decocting the first three herbs in a teacup (about 50 ~ 60ml), filtering, and taking with ginger juice. (Wuhan Medical and Health (3): 288, 1959)
⑥ Treatment of vomiting and stomach cold in children: Amomum cardamom 14 capsules, Amomum villosum 14 capsules, 2 yuan for raw licorice and 2 yuan for roasted licorice, which are often mixed into children's mouths. (The Good Prescription of Doctors in the World)
⑦ Treatment of vomiting: Amomum villosum, Pogostemon, Pinellia ternata, Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae and Ginger. Decoct with water. ("Shen Shi Zun Sheng Shu" cardamom soup)
⑧ Treatment of postpartum hiccups: half of cardamom and half of clove. After careful study, the peach pit soup is one yuan each, and I will drink it later. (Gankun Business)
8. 16 Note There is also a kind of cardamom, which is the dried fruit of cardamom in Zingiberaceae. Oval, with sharp ends and three blunt edges, with a length of 1 ~ 1.5 cm, a diameter of about 1 cm, and a milky white to yellowish brown surface. The seed ball has 3 petals, each petal has 5-9 seeds, each seed is oval or 3-4 prismatic, and the surface is light orange to dark reddish brown. The cross section is white. It is fragrant, spicy and slightly bitter. Produced in Vietnam, Sri Lanka, India and other places. This kind of cardamom is also used as a cardamom user in the market, but the quality is poor.
8. 17 Source