(sacred) Buddha tooth relic
The tooth of Buddha Sakyamuni. According to legend, the Buddha's whole body has become a fine-grained relic, and only a part of his teeth are intact, which is called Dantadha^tu (Batong). According to the records in the back volume of Mahayana Sutra, the Buddha, because of his great compassion, broke the diamond body into a fine relic, leaving only four teeth intact. Indra took a tooth relic from the Buddha's mouth, that is, returned to heaven, and rose from the tower to provide for it. According to the Guanyin Bodhisattva Sutra, there is a Buddha's Tooth Pagoda in the driving garden in the north of the city. It is also recorded in Fa Xian's article "Biography of the Kingdom of the Prince (Ceylon, now Sri Lanka)" that there is a beautiful Buddha's Tooth Hall in the royal city. In addition, another tooth of Buddha was introduced into the country of Ukyu (that is, the country of Ukyu, located in the northern part of India today). According to Biography of Liang Gao Monks, Volume 13 and Volume 12, Fayuan Zhu Lin, etc. Buddhism in the Southern Dynasties was introduced to the Western Regions in Liu Song and Hui Yuan in the third year (475), and Yu Kun obtained a tooth of Buddha and 15 relics from the tangled countries. After returning to China, he lived in Jianye (Nanjing), the capital of Nanqi. He is a secret tooth collector and offers his worship. In the seventh year of Yongming (489), Wang Wenxuan began to spread this story to the public because of his dream. Later, the Buddha's tooth was enshrined in Shangdinglin Temple. In the third year of Liang Wudi (522), the tooth of Buddha was stolen and its whereabouts were unknown.
By the Sui Dynasty, Buddha's teeth appeared and were enshrined in Daxing (Chang 'an, Shaanxi). In the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, there were frequent wars, and the Buddha tooth was sent to Yanjing (Beijing) in northern Liaoning. According to the records of Daoism in Liao Dynasty, Daoism was in the seventh year of Xianyong (107 1, that is, the fourth year of Xining in northern Song Shenzong), and the Buddha's tooth was enshrined in the Zhaoxian Tower of Lingguang Temple. In the 26th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1900), Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing and the temple pagoda was destroyed by war. After excavation and cleaning by monks, a stone letter containing Buddha's teeth was found in the tower foundation. There is an agarwood box in the letter, which is engraved with the tooth relic of Sakyamuni Buddha. The words' diary of April 22, seven years, good wisdom book' and so on. Tianhui' is the title of Northern Han Dynasty (95 1 ~ 979) in Five Dynasties and Ten Countries. 1964, local Buddhist groups rebuilt the Buddha's Tooth Pagoda in the former site of the Temple Pagoda to worship Buddha's Tooth.
In addition, there is also a story of Buddha's tooth relic in the biography of eminent monks in Song Dynasty. The 14th volume of the Biography of Song Monks (199 1 July) says, "Who was here at night?" The boy said, "A very special person is Na Ye Yi, the son of the King of Pishamen, who has supported the monk for a long time because of protecting the law!" Xuan Yue said: "Poverty and practice, nothing bothers the prince, and the prince is very comfortable before God. There are people in the western regions who can do Buddhism and are willing to do it. " The prince said, "Someone has a Buddha's tooth, and though he has held it for a long time, his master still won't give it up. Dare he give it? " Russia awarded it to Xuan. '
Whether the Buddha's teeth felt by Dao Xuan are the same as those mentioned above, or how they are related, the information is unknown. This tooth was later placed in Suoguoji Guanding Hospital in Kaifeng, Henan Province. Song Taizong tasted the good luck of coming to worship and tried it with fire, showing its brilliance. Emperor Taizong praised the tooth and changed Guanding Hospital to Fahua Hospital. Later, Song Zhenzong welcomed the Buddha's tooth relic to the bottom of the tower of Kaibao Temple, and made a tribute to the Buddha's tooth. In the second year of Zhiping (1065), Yingzong erected a monument to praise the Buddha's tooth. He worshiped Ning for three years (1 104), welcomed the Buddha's teeth into the palace for sacrifice, and also copied and praised them, which was also believed by subsequent generations.
In addition, the Buddha's tooth relics collected in Malagava Temple in Ceylon Kandy are regarded as the national treasure of Ceylon, so the temple is also called the Buddha's tooth temple. The Buddhist community in Ceylon holds a 1 2-day tooth festival every August1day, and holds a grand tooth festival parade from 8: 00 to1every night. According to "the history of the Buddha's teeth" (Ba! ha^vam！ Sa), this tooth was introduced into Ceylon from India (Baccarin% Ga) in the 4th century, and received the highest respect. /kloc-At the beginning of the 4th century, Tamils in South India invaded and robbed Buddha teeth. During his reign, King Polo Campo Maha III (Bapala Kambahu III, 1302 ~ 13 10) welcomed the Buddha tooth back in a peaceful way. Since then, the war in Ceylon has continued and the Buddha's teeth have moved to the ground.
1505, the Portuguese landed and persecuted Buddhist beliefs. Wang Du moved to Kandi City, where he built a Buddha tooth temple to worship Buddha teeth. 1560, the Portuguese sent this tooth to Goa, India, and burned it. However, several years later, the tooth reappeared, or the burnt tooth was fake.
According to the Biography of the Book of Changes, Master Mingyuan tried to secretly return to Shizizhou (Ceylon) with the Buddha's tooth, but was eventually discovered and humiliated by Ceylon people, and the Ceylon people became more and more strict about the Buddha's tooth. According to the Postscript of Sinhalese Kingdom and the Buddhist History of Ceylon (C. Dipayaksorn's Thai works), Ming made Zheng He taste Buddha's teeth in Ceylon. And ancient Ceylon called the tooth of Buddha Da^t! Hadatou, now called Darada. [Volume II, Volume III of the Sanzang Collection, Volume IX of the Original Collection of Miscellanies on the Origin of Buddhism] (refer to' History of Buddha's Tooth '26 16 and' Buddha's Tooth Festival '26 17)
But I feel that what he said may be a relic.
The so-called relic is the crystallization of personal practice. Originally, the relic was called the relic, and later it was called the relic. Relic was originally translated into various names in Hindi, such as (establishment) ... and it means "relic" or "spiritual bone". These relics were not completely obtained by cremation.
The formation of Buddhist relics has nothing to do with doing good, but mainly related to living habits, but it is very important that you will live longer by doing good. If you use a certain food for a long time, some of its elements will be deposited in your body. When you are cremated, they will form various crystals when heated.
In India, this relic is called Todu, also called Sherilo. It's called spirit bone, body bone and body in Chinese. It's a crystal left by a person after cremation. But the relics are completely different from the bones of ordinary dead people. Its shapes are ever-changing, including round, oval, lotus, Buddha or bodhisattva; Its colors are white, black, green and red, and there are also various colors; Some relics are like pearls, while others are like agates and crystals. Some are transparent, others are bright, just like diamonds.
White relics are bones, black relics are hair, red relics are muscles, and there are also green or five-color relics.
According to the scripture, the relic is obtained by a person through practicing discipline, determination and wisdom, plus his own great will. It is very rare and precious. For example, after the Buddha's nirvana, as many as one stone and six buckets of relics were burned. At that time, eight kings competed for the Buddha relic, and each got a share. They brought the relics of the Buddha back to their own country and built pagodas for people to watch and worship. In addition, accomplished monks and believers at home can also get Buddhist relics after death. For example, Huineng, the sixth ancestor of China, and modern masters Hong Yi, Yin Guang, Taixu and Zhang Jia all left a considerable number of relics.
The types of relics are generally divided into whole body relics and broken body relics. The whole body relic does not need to be cremated, but it will not rot. This is called the whole body relic, also known as the body bodhisattva; Broken relics are cremated remains. However, there are also some Buddhist relics that do not change from the human body, such as running out of the sky or underground, or being born from oil lamps or flowers, and there is also a kind of Buddhist relics that are sincerely worshipped and reborn from Buddhist relics. In the merit of bathing Buddha, the relic is divided into: 1. Living Buddha relics, also known as body and bone relics, are the remains of the Buddha; The second is the relic of the instrument, also known as the relic of the instrument, which refers to the teaching methods and commandments left by the Buddha.
The phenomena of this relic show that it can't be a stone. The main component of stones is calcium or metal salt deposition, which is similar in shape to scales and fragile. These things will become powdery oxides at high temperatures. There are tens of millions of people suffering from lithiasis, but only practitioners have Buddhist relics. Dade's tongue, heart and other soft tissues without bones can also be cremated to form relics. Even the tongue of a parrot can become a relic. What's more, the number of stones in the body is very small, otherwise it will endanger life, but sometimes the number of relics is extremely amazing, with different colors and shapes.
Some relics are extremely hard. When you hit them with a hammer, the anvil sinks without any damage. It is not only for monks who are vegetarian all the year round, but also for laymen who died after a year of conversion. After burning, relics also appeared on the ruins.
Of course, some so-called "relics" are really bones and teeth that have not been completely burned, but it is impossible for stones to become "relics" after being burned. Some people interpret the remains as stones in the name of science. In fact, this kind of deception to the public, these so-called sciences are actually "pseudoscience."
Some relics are extremely hard. When you hit them with a hammer, the anvil sinks without any damage. Some relics will grow up, give birth to small relics, and so on. Can these be guessed by modern science? In February and March, 2002, the Buddhist finger relic enshrined in Famen Temple in Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province toured Taiwan Province Province, causing a great sensation. In order to ensure that the Buddha's finger relic is foolproof during transportation and sightseeing, the relevant parties on both sides of the strait have formulated and adopted extremely careful safety measures-while installing a bulletproof, fireproof and shockproof glass cover weighing 270 kilograms for Tancheng (the gold-plated copper tower where the Buddha's finger relic is placed weighs 63 kilograms and is 134 cm high), more than 400 people from the Buddhist circles on both sides of the strait will arrive in Taiwan Province from the airport. Infrared sensors and cameras are installed in the pagoda pavilion where the Buddha's finger is located, which can monitor the situation at any time; At the same time, the Dharma Group, composed of 24 monks from the mainland and Taiwan Province Province 120 King Kong, cooperated with other relevant personnel to form four barriers and provide 24-hour escort. All this shows the preciousness and importance of the Buddha's finger relic!